• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2003

So far, for pearl culture using abalones, a plastic nucleus has been planted in an abalone by perforating the shell. But after planing 80 % of abalones died, and even if they live, the pearl's hardness was not so good. The weak hardness made the pearl valueless. The quality of a pearl is decided by the gloss and the quality of the pearl's layer. This study is to find the right nucleus for abalones and to decrease a death rate of abalones by selecting the right planting place. This study was also performed to obtain valuable pearls with proper size, gloss, and good color. Below is the result of the research; Conch shells out of the various nucleus materials were the best. Their shape, color and gloss were very good. The nucleus was planted in the part that a shell is grown up under the absorption ball, as a result a pearl sack was quickly made. After 15 days, out of every pearl, pearl sacks were made. The pearl formation was measured every month. From the abalone shell which was planted in April, qualitative pearls which was from 5mm to 5.81mm in size were obtained in December.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.143-154
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• 2014

Settlement of artificially released abalone, Haliotis discus hannai at the marine farming area in Jeollanam-do in 2007 was very efficient by showing the recapture of 2.0-5.2 ind./m² and the survival rate of 60-67%. The growth of shell after 1 year was highest in Hwoenggando by 75.9 mm and the lowest in Hwasan by 64.6 mm. Our result especially showed that the effect of the stock recruitment was the most efficient when abalone was released. The shell growth of the released abalone was better when sea mustard (Undaria sp.) was provided as food (shell length was up to 23.9 mm) or predators were periodically removed (shell length was up to 23.8 mm) in order to enhance the effect of the artificial release than the control group. The recapture rate was also higher than the control. However due to the difficulty of managing the release areas, it will be more efficient to release the recruited stocks after considering various biological and ecological factors such as survey of suitable release areas, stock size, release density, and health of stocks.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.26.1-26.8
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• 2018

Inclusion effect of soybean meal (SBM) and fermented SBM (FSM) in extruded pellet for juvenile abalone (Haliotis discus) was compared in abalone farm. Dietary inclusion effect of the combined macroalgae (MA) (Undaria pinnatifida and Hizikia fusiforme) and a single Saccharina japonica on abalone was also compared. Three thousand six hundred juvenile abalone were purchased from a private hatchery and acclimated to the experimental conditions for 2 weeks. Six 5-ton flow-through raceway tanks were used, and abalone were randomly distributed into tanks (n = 600 per tank). Three experimental diets were prepared in duplicate. Fish meal, FSM, corn gluten meal, and shrimp meal and wheat flour and dextrin were used as the protein and carbohydrate sources, respectively, in the FSM diet. MA was also included in the FSM diet. FSM and MA in the FSM diet were substituted with SBM at the expense of wheat flour and S. japonica, referred to as the SBM and SJ diets. The experimental diets were pelletized by an extruded pelleter. Water stability of nutrients in the experimental diets was monitored at 12, 24, and 48 h after seawater immersion. The experimental diets were fed to abalone once a day to satiation with a little leftover for 120 days. The retained crude protein and lipid and ash content of the extruded pellets were changed over all period of time. Weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) of abalone fed the SBM diet were greater than those of abalone fed the FSM and SJ diets. Weight gain and SGR of abalone fed the SJ diet were also greater than those of abalone fed the FSM diet. The longest shell length, widest shell width, highest shell height, and greatest soft body weight were obtained in abalone fed the SBM diet, followed by the SJ and FSM diets. Proximates of the soft body of abalone were not different among the experimental diets. In conclusion, SBM was a superior protein source to FSM in extruded pellet for growth performance of abalone. Dietary inclusion of a single S. japonica was superior to the combined inclusion of U. pinnatifida and H. fusiforme in the production of abalone.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.689-694
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• 2006

To examine inshore radioactive contamination caused by nuclear power plants, nuclear testing, hospital and laboratory, both gross ${\beta}$-radioactivity and ${\upsilon}$-spectrometry were measured. The measurements were taken with the Abalone and Top shell, which had been collected from the four different sites at the coast in Jeju-do (Seongsan, Deajeong, Wimi, Dodu). The activity ranges of concentration were respectively 0.11-0.29 Bq/kg-wet for $^{90}Sr$, 0.01-0.04 Bq/kg-wet for $^{137}Cs$, 36 - 53 Bq/kg-wet for $^{40}K$ in shellfish on the Jeju island. The radioactivities of $^{90}Sr$, $^{137}Cs$ and $^{40}K$ were similar to those in sampling location of shellfish in the coastal on the Jeju island. The radioactivity of $^{90}Sr$ for the Abalone was lower level than that for Top shell. The radio- activity of $^{137}Cs$ for the Abalone was similar to that for the Top shell. But the radioactivity of $^{40}K$ for the Abalone was higher level than that for the Top shell. As a result, the gross ${\beta}$-radioactivity observed was similar to that in nature. Among radionuclides, only $^{90}Sr$, $^{137}Cs$ and $^{40}K$ were detected in a very small amount, and each was also close to the natural levels.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.327-341
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• 2014

This study aims to analyze causality among Wando abalone producer prices by size using a vector autoregressive model to expiscate the leading-price of Wando abalone in various price classes by size per kg. This study, using an analytical approach, applies a unit-root test for stability of data, a Granger causality test to learn about interaction among price classes by size for Wando abalone, and a vector autoregressive model to estimate the statistical impact among t-1 variables used in the model. As a result of our leading-price analysis of Wando abalone producer prices by shell size using a VAR model, first, DF, PP, and KPSS tests showed that the Wando abalone monthly price change rate by size differentiated by logarithm were stable. Second, the Granger causality relationship analysis showed that the price change rate for big size abalone weakly led the price change rate for the small and medium sizes of abalone. Third, the vector autoregressive model showed that three price change rates of t-1 period variables statistically, significantly impacted price change rates of own size and other sizes in t period. Fourth, the impulse response analysis indicated that the impulse responses of structural shocks for price change rate for big size abalone was relatively more powerful in its own size and in other sizes than shocks emanating from other sizes. Fifth, the variance decomposition analysis indicated that the price change rate for big size abalone was relatively more influential than the price change rates for medium and small size abalone.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.362-373
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• 2010

We reviewed previous studies on well-performing aquaculture facilities, rearing environment, breeding management and feed supply to find the optimal conditions of the abalone aquaculture in marine cage. The size of marine cage varied depending on local area where the abalone farms are located. The small size cage ($2.4{\times}2.4{\times}2.5$ m) was used in Wando, Jindo and Hanam area where much of the provincial's abalone production is conducted and the middle size cage ($2.4{\times}4.8{\times}2.5$ m) was used in Huksando area. Big size group, above 2 cm in shell length, was produced from the end of October to the middle of November and small size group, below 2 cm in shell length, was produced from the end of March to the beginning of April next year in case of juvenile abalone of land production. The initial stocking density was 517-1,653 individuals/culture square meter($m^2$) in case of the big size group. The optimal rearing density was 326 and 263 individuals/culture square meter ($m^2$) after 1 year and 2 year's rearing, respectively. It is shown that relationship between individual shell length (x) and rearing density (y) is estimated to be $y=2,803.1x^{-1.4641}$ ($r^2=0.9687$). In addition, The obvious relationship was indicated between number of cage (x) and sea weed production facilities (y) as y=1.1542x+10.832 ($r^2=0.918$) in Wando, because sea mustard (Undaria pinnatifida) or japanese tangle (Laminaria japonica) was supplied as a feed for abalone culture. The general pattern of relationship between shell length (x) and shell weight (y) of cultured abalone is estimated to be $y=0.1443x^{2.9461}$ ($r^2=0.9997$).

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.19-29
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• 1998

참전복 사료에 적합한 단백질원을 조사하기 위하여 카제인, 어분, 육분, 우모분, 혈분, 대두박, 콘글루텐 밀, 면실박, 미역분을 첨가한 배합사료와 천연 먹이인 생미역과 건조 다시마를 선정하여 그 이용성을 비교하였다. 평균체중 0.11 g인 치패를 실험수조마다 70마리씩 수용하여 18주간 사육한 결과, 생존률은 카제인, 북양어분, 육분, 우모분, 미역분과 소맥분을 첨가한 실험구들이 서로 유의차없이(P>0.05) 타 실험구보다 높은 경향을 보였다. 실험구들의 최종평균체중은 0.27~0.74 g으로 북양어분을 첨가한 실험구가 0.74 g으로 가장 높았으며, 대두박 및 미역분말을 첨가한 실험구들이 북양어분 첨가구와 유의적인 차이없이(P>0.05) 양호한 결과를 보였다. 카제인 첨가구는 0.64 g으로 북양어분 첨가구와는 유의차를 보였으나(P<0.05). 다음으로 면실박과 소백분 첨가구가 0.55~0.57 g으로 양호한 성적을 보였으며, 육분 첨가구는 0.44 g, 천연 먹이인 생미역과 건조 다시마 공급구는 0.29~0.34 g, 우모분과 콘글루텐 밀 첨가구는 0.26~0.27 g으로 나타났으며, 혈분 첨가구가 0.19 g으로 가장 낮은 값을 보였다(P<0.05). 증체율과 각장 및 각폭도 평균체중 변화와 유사한 경향이었다. 실험 종료시 가식부의 수분과 단백질 함량은 각각 78.5~79.6% 및 13.2~14.2%로 사료의 단백질원에 거의 영향을 받지 않았다(P>0.05). 이상의 결과로부터 어분, 대두박, 면실박, 미역분말 또는 소백분은 참전복 사료의 훌륭한 단백질원이 될 것으로 기대되어 참전복 사료의 단가를 절감시키고, 사료의 질을 향상시키는데 큰 도움이 될 것으로 전망된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.869-874
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• 1998

사료종류에 따른 참전복의 적정 사육밀도를 조사하기 위해 평균 각장 8.41 mm의 치패를 $m^2$당 1430, 2860, 4290 및 5720마리로 설정하여 배합사료 및 미역을 실험구마다 3반복으로 15주간 공급하면서 사육 실험하였다. 전중, 패각 및 가식부의 성장은 사육밀도가 높아질수록 감소하는 경향을 보여 4290마리/$m^2$ 이상인 밀도구에서는 1430마리 /$m^2$ 밀도구와 유의차를 보였다(P<0.05). 또한 이러한 성장효과는 배합사료 공급구가 미역 공급구보다 밀도에 관계없이 양호한 성적을 보였으며, 동일 밀도구에서는 유의하게 (P<0.05) 배합사료 공급구가 높았다. 생존율도 성장과 비슷한 경향을 보였다. 실험 종료시 가식부의 일반성분의 변화는 사육밀도에는 영향을 받지 않았으나 사료종류에 따라 달라지는 경향을 보여 미역 공급구에 비해 배합사료 공급구의 수분과 단백질 함량은 낮고, 지질과 회분 함량은 높은 경향을 보였다 (P<0.05). 성장과 생존율 등을 고려하여 보면 각장 9$\~$17mm일 때 참전복의 적정 사육밀도는 사료의 종류에 관계없이 1 $m^2$당 2860마리 이하가 적절하다고 여겨진다.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.249-254
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• 2016

북방전복을 대상으로 성별에 따른 성장형질의 변이를 이용한 선발육종의 가능성 여부를 확인하고자, 실제로 암수 1:1 수정을 통하여 10가계를 생산 관리하여 성별에 따른 성장형질의 표현형 측정과 유전모수를 추정하였다. 그 결과 성비율은 1:1로 일반적 전복류의 성비와 같은 결과를 나타내었으며, 성별에 따른 성장은 모든 성장형질에 있어 암컷이 수컷보다 유의적으로 큰 것으로 나타났다 (p < 0.05). 이러한 결과는 선발을 할 때 성별에 따른 성장차이를 이용하여 양식전복의 성장률 향상을 할 수 있는 가능성을 시사하고 있다.

• 광물과 암석
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.387-396
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• 2022

본 연구에서는 꼬막(cockle), 전복(abalone), 가리비(scallop) 패각을 이용하여 중금속 제거효율 평가를 수행하였다. 꼬막, 전복, 가리비의 주 구성광물은 각각 아라고나이트, 아라고나이트와 방해석, 방해석으로 구성되어 있다. 각 패각들의 비표면적은 2.7241 m²/g에서 4.5481 m²/g까지 다양하며 가리비 > 전복 > 꼬막이다. 반응 후 중금속 분석 결과 As는 패각에 의한 흡착이나 pH 상승에 의한 침전 제거 효과가 나타나지 않았다. 납은 반응 초기에 모든 패각 시료에서 모두 제거되었다. 카드뮴과 아연은 매질에 따라 약간의 차이가 있지만 제거 효율은 가리비 > 전복 > 꼬막 순으로 나타났다. 중금속 제거 효율은 가열 시료가 원시료 비해 약간 높으며, 비표면적이 클수록 높은 경향이 있다.