• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.213-220
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• 1998

글루타치온 생산에 필요한 ${\gamma}$-glutamylcysteine synthetase와 glutathione synthetase 효소의 활성을 위한 ATP 재생산계에 대하여 연구하였다. 글루타치온 합성용 효소를 생산하는 E. coli TG1/pDR7${\alpha}$의 최적 배양하였으며 이때 글루타치온의 생산농도는31 mg/g wet cell이었다. 빵효모를 이용한 글루타치온의 생산수율은 acetate kinase보다 낮았으나, 경제성의 면에서는 더 우수할 것으로 판단된다. ATP 재생산계로 빵효모가 Saccharomyces cerevrsiae ATCC24858보다 더 우수함을 보였다. ATP농도 5mM에서 cysteine에 대한 글루타치온의 생산 수율은 36%이었다. Cysteine의 소모에 의한 글루타치온 생산 제약을 피하기 위하여 cysteine을 반응 2시간에 추가 공급함으로써 글루타치온 생산수율을 1.91배 증가시켰다. 다양한 기질 추가 실험 결과에 의해 빵효모에 의한 ATP재생산계가 유효하고, 14mM이상의 글루타치온 농도에서는 산물저해 현상이 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 약학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.413-418
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• 2001

To investigate action of ATP on ischemia-induced brain injury, we measured phospholipase $A_2$activity and nitric oxide (NO) production in C6 cells. ATP alone did not have any influence on phospholipase $A_2$activity but increased NO production. Glutamate (1 mM) significantly increased phospholipase $A_2$activity whereas did not increased NO production. ATP significantly inhibited phospholipase $A_2$activation induced by 0.1 $\mu$M A23187, 1 mM glutamate and 1 mM $H_2O$$_2$, but did not inhibited 1 $\mu$M PMA-induced phospholipase $A_2$activation. From the above results, it is suggested that the action of ATP in C6 cells has dual actions, such as the inhibition of agonist-induced phospholipase $A_2$activation and the increase of NO production.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권8호
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• pp.1288-1298
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• 2019

Bacterial ATP synthases drive ATP synthesis by a rotary mechanism, and play a vital role in physiology and cell metabolism. Corynebacterium glutamicum is well known as an industrial workhorse for amino acid production, and its ATP synthase operon contains eight structural genes and two adjacent genes, cg1360 and cg1361. So far, the physiological functions of Cg1360 (GenBank CAF19908) and Cg1361 (GenBank CAF19909) remain unclear. Here, we showed that Cg1360 was a hydrophobic protein with four transmembrane helices (TMHs), while no TMH was found in Cg1361. Deletion of cg1360, but not cg1361, led to significantly reduced cell growth using glucose and acetic acid as carbon sources, reduced F1 portions in the membrane, reduced ATP-driven proton-pumping activity and ATPase activity, suggesting that Cg1360 plays an important role in ATP synthase function. The intracellular ATP concentration in the ${\Delta}cg1360$ mutant was decreased to 72% of the wild type, while the NADH and NADPH levels in the ${\Delta}cg1360$ mutant were increased by 29% and 26%, respectively. However, the ${\Delta}cg1361$ mutant exhibited comparable intracellular ATP, NADH and NADPH levels with the wild-type strain. Moreover, the effect of cg1360 deletion on L-valine production was examined in the L-valine-producing V-10 strain. The final production of L-valine in the $V-10-{\Delta}cg1360$ mutant reached $9.2{\pm}0.3g/l$ in shake flasks, which was 14% higher than that of the V-10 strain. Thus, Cg1360 can be used as an effective engineering target by altering energy metabolism for the enhancement of amino acid production in C. glutamicum.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2008

Available-to-promise (ATP) exhibiting availability of manufacturing resources can be used to support customer order promising. Recently, one advanced function called Capable-to-promise (CTP) is provided by several modern APS (advanced planning system) that checks available capacity for placing new production orders or increasing already scheduled production orders. At the customer enquiry stage while considering the order delivery date and quantity to quote, both ATP and CTP are allocated to support order promising. In particular, current trends of mass customization and multi-side production chain derive several new constraints that should be considered when ATP/CTP allocation planning for order promising - such as customer's preference plants or material vendors, material compatibility, etc. Moreover, ATP/CTP allocation planning would be executed over a rolling time horizon. To utilize capacity and material manufacturing resource flexibly and fulfill more customer orders, ATP/CTP rolling planning should possess resource reallocation mechanism under the constraints of order quantities and delivery dates for all previous order promising. Therefore, to enhance order promising with reliability and flexibility to reallocate manufacturing resource, the ATP/CTP reallocation planning mechanism is needed in order to reallocate material and capacity resource for fulfilling all previous promised and new customer orders beneficially with considering new derived material and capacity constraints.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.131-145
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• 2010

ERP, SCM 등과 같은 기업용 정보 시스템을 활용함에 있어, 고객의 문의에 따라 제품 판매 가능 유무와 가능일자를 계산하여 통보해 주는 지능형 ATP 시스템은 전산 정보를 활용하여 고객 만족도를 최대화할 수 있는 유용한 기능이라고 할 수 있다. 그렇지만 공급 사슬 환경에서 ATP 시스템을 적용하려고 할 경우, 고객이 문의해 온 Retailer에게 납품 가능한 모든 분배센터(Distribution Center)와 공장(Plant)의 미래 시점의 재고량 변화와 운송 능력 등을 모두 고려하여야 하므로 계산량이 방대한 NP-Complete 문제가 된다. 따라서 시스템 사용자가 빠른 시간 내에 해를 구하여 고객에게 결과를 알려 줄 수 있는 ATP 시스템의 개발은 공급 사슬 관리를 효과적으로 활용하기 위하여 반드시 필요한 일이라고 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 동적 생산 함수의 개념을 이용하여 비 정수 타임 랙을 고려하여 ATP 시스템을 모델링하고, 해당 수리 모형으로부터 효율적으로 해를 얻기 위하여 유전 알고리듬을 개발하였다. 비 정수 타임 랙을 활용한 ATP 시스템은 비 정수 타임 랙을 올림이나 내림을 통하여 정수화 시킨 후 모형 수립하는 기존의 방법보다 정교하게 현실을 반영할 수 있고, ATP 시스템을 위한 유전 알고리듬의 진화 시스템은 문제크기가 작은 것에서부터 큰 것까지 최적해에 매우 근사한 값을 매우 빠른 시간 내에 풀 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.631-639
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• 2024

Objective: This study evaluates goat sperm motility in response to metabolic substrates and various inhibitors, aiming to assess the relative contribution of glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidation for sperm movement and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. Methods: In the present study, two main metabolic substrates; 0 to 0.5 mM glucose and 0 to 30 mM pyruvate were used to evaluate their contribution to sperm movements of goats. Using a 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol (3-MCPD), a specific inhibitor for glycolysis, and carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone as an inhibitor for oxidative phosphorylation, cellular mechanisms into ATP-generating pathways in relation to sperm movements and ATP production were observed. Data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance for multiple comparisons. Results: Sperm motility analysis showed that either glucose or pyruvate supported sperm movement during 0 to 30 min incubation. However, the supporting effects were abolished by the addition of a glycolysis inhibitor or mitochondrial uncoupler, concomitant with a significant decrease in ATP production. Although oxidative phosphorylation produces larger ATP concentrations than those from glycolysis, sperm progressivity in relation to these two metabolic pathways is comparable. Conclusion: Based on the present study, we suggest that goat sperm use glucose and pyruvate to generate cellular energy through glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration pathways to maintain sperm movement.

• 한국경영정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국경영정보학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.478-485
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• 2008

고객 만족과 납기 충족율을 최대화하기 위하여, 정확하고 실용적인 납기회답 시스템(ATP)은 매우 중요한 역할을 한다. 그러나 복잡한 공급사슬관리 환경 하에서 조달, 제조, 분배 등을 모두 고려한 정확한 ATP 수량 할당은 매우 어려운 업무이고, 때문에 많은 연구들이 이루어져 왔다. 지금까지 기존의 선행 연구에서 시도되었던 ATP 모형들은 공통적으로 정수배의 시간 단위만 고려해 왔고, 이는 실제 산업 현장의 ATP 프로세스를 정확하게 반영하지 못하고 있는 비현실적인 가정이라 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 SCM을 위하여 비정수 타임 랙을 사용한 ATP 시스템을 고려한다. 기존 연구들에서 이산형의 무리한 가정으로 표현되어 왔던 시간 단위를 동적 생산 함수(dynamic production function) 개념을 통하여 비음의 실수 범위에서의 자유롭게 나누어 고려할 수 있도록 하였다. 이를 통하여 기존 ATP 연구들의 무리한 가정을 제거하였으며, 보다 더 현실에 가까운 ATP 모델을 제안한다. 본 논문에서는 특히 공급 사슬(Supply Chain) 전체의 재고와 생산, 운송을 모두 고려하며 고객 주문에 대응하는 통합 ATP 시스템을 설계하였고, 기존 연구들이 미처 고려하지 못한 시간 흐름의 연속성에 중점을 두고 선형 계획(LP) 문제의 형태로 비정수 타임랙(non-integer time lag)을 갖는 ATP 시스템을 모델링하였다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제46권8호
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• pp.391-397
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• 2013

The ATP-inhibited Plant Mitochondrial $K^+$ Channel ($PmitoK_{ATP}$) was discovered about fifteen years ago in Durum Wheat Mitochondria (DWM). $PmitoK_{ATP}$ catalyses the electrophoretic $K^+$ uniport through the inner mitochondrial membrane; moreover, the co-operation between $PmitoK_{ATP}$ and $K^+/H^+$ antiporter allows such a great operation of a $K^+$ cycle to collapse mitochondrial membrane potential (${\Delta}{\Psi}$) and ${\Delta}pH$, thus impairing protonmotive force (${\Delta}p$). A possible physiological role of such ${\Delta}{\Psi}$ control is the restriction of harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS) production under environmental/oxidative stress conditions. Interestingly, DWM lacking ${\Delta}p$ were found to be nevertheless fully coupled and able to regularly accomplish ATP synthesis; this unexpected behaviour makes necessary to recast in some way the classical chemiosmotic model. In the whole, $PmitoK_{ATP}$ may oppose to large scale ROS production by lowering ${\Delta}{\Psi}$ under environmental/oxidative stress, but, when stress is moderate, this occurs without impairing ATP synthesis in a crucial moment for cell and mitochondrial bioenergetics.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.778-783
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• 2008

Anthrax is an infectious disease caused by toxigenic strains of the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus anthracis. To identify the mitochondrial proteins that are expressed differently in murine macrophages infected with spores of B. anthracis Sterne, proteomic and MALDI-TOF/MS analyses of uninfected and infected macrophages were conducted. As a result, 13 mitochondrial proteins with different expression patterns were discovered in the infected murine macrophages, and some were identified as ATP5b, NIAP-5, ras-related GTP binding protein B isoform CRAa, along with several unnamed proteins. Among these proteins, ATP5b is related to energy production and cytoskeletal rearrangement, whereas NIAP-5 causes apoptosis of host cells due to binding with caspase-9. Therefore, this paper focused on ATP5b, which was found to be down regulated following infection. The downregulated ATP5b also reduced ATP production in the murine macrophages infected with B. anthracis spores. Consequently, this study represents the first mitochondrial proteome analysis of infected macrophages.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.553-557
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• 1992

변형된 Pfennig 배지에서 Glutamate 를 질소원으로 배앙한 다음 수확된 Chlorobium limicola f. thiosulfatophilum NCIB 8327 의 세포에서 수소생산이 수소 전극법 (hydrogen electrode)으로 측정되었다. 이 방법에 의해서 수소발생을 측정할 때, 산소, 빛, 암모니아 NADPH, ATP, methionine sulfoximine, NADPH, ATP, methionine sulfoximine, NADPH, ATP, methl viologen, 및 methionine sulfoximine 의 농도에 따라 변하는 것을 보았을 때 본 균주에서의 수소생산은 nitrogenase 에 의존하고 있음을 알 수 있었다.