• 한국전자현미경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.143-143
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• 2005

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.151-157
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• 2002

A trypsin inhibitor was isolated and purified from Azismatis Rhizoma which has been used as a galenic for diuretic and antiphlogistic. Purification was carried out by 0-80% saturated ammonium sulfate salting out, DEAE- cellulose ion exchange chromatogrphy, Sephadex G-150 gel filtration. The molecular weight of Alismatis Rhizoma trypsin inhibitor(ARTI) was estimated to be about 23,000 Da by gel filtration and SDS-PAGE, it must be monomer. ARTI was stable at 0~6$0^{\circ}C$, but at higher temperature its activity was decreased about 35%. When benzoyl-dl-arginine p-nitroanilide was used as a substrate of trypsin, half-maximal inhibition of ARTI was observed at 0.071 $\mu$M. ARTI inhibited the hydrolysis of trypsin non-competitively and Km value was 0.81 $\mu$M.

• Oncology Letters
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.1837-1850
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• 2019

Kenalog is a synthetic glucocorticoid drug used to treat various cancers including ocular and choroidal melanoma. However, the drug achieves rarely sustainable results for patients. To overcome this difficulty, the structure of Kenalog was altered by ionizing radiation (IR) to develop a more effective anticancer agent for treatment of various skin cancers. The anticancer effect of modified Kenalog (Kenalog-IR) was assessed in melanoma cancer cells in vitro. The assessment of mitochondrial functions by MTT assay revealed significant inhibition of melanoma cancer cell viability by Kenalog-IR compared to Kenalog. Moreover, Kenalog-IR-induced apoptotic cell death was associated with the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway by triggering the release of intrinsic apoptosis molecules through activation of caspase-related molecules in concentration and time-dependent manners. Furthermore, it was observed that Kenalog-IR-induced apoptosis was associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with increased G2/M cell cycle arrest. Collectively, Kenalog-IR may be a potential suppressor of skin-related cancer in particular melanoma cancer.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.259-266
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• 2011

When plants undergo stress, Reactive oxygen species (ROS) which remove bad elements such as mildew and virus is activated in plant body. However, if ROS is excessively increased, plant will be harmed itself by destruction of cell and signal system and phenomenon of lipid peroxidation. In order to identify content of lipid peroxidation and activity of some enzymes scavenging ROS, phenotypical and physiological analysis was performed with two mutant lines, Till-II-877 and Till-II-894, comparing with cv. Dongan (WT). In phenotype analysis, two mutant lines give to well-conditioned growth better than WT in since 5 days after salt treatment. In enzyme activities, there was a modest difference in the content of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) between Till-II-877 and Till-II-894, two mutant lines showed high levels in CAT contents than WT. However, they express low levels in POD contents. In MDA analysis, the content of Till-II-877 was higher than that of WT, but Till-II-894 was lower. This result indicates that two mutants have different mechanism against salt stress.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.24 no.2 s.62
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• pp.155-159
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• 2006

To reveal effects of gamma-irradiation with various doses on the expressions of C4H and F5H genes, the transcription levels of OsC4HL and OsF5HL were investigated in leaves and stems of two rice cultivars, Ilpoombyeo and IR-29, after the irradiation with 5, 10, 50, or 100 Gy for 4 h. In overall pattern of 24 h after the irradiation, the transcription levels of the two genes increased with the increasing doses of radiation in the leaves of both cultivars, except that of OsC4HL in IR-29. However, in the stems, the transcription level of OsF5HL increased in Ilpoombyeo and decreased in IR-29 dose-dependently, while that of OsC4HL decreased in Ilpoombyeo with the increasing doses of radiation and remained constant in IR-29. When the expressions of OsC4HL and OsF5HL were investigated in a time-course after the irradiation with 100 Gy, they reached their highest levels in the leaves of both cultivars 5 hand 72 h after the irradiation, respectively. Therefore, we suggest that the expressions of OsC4HL and OsF5HL, which involved in the same phenylpropanoid pathway, are differentially regulated during the post-irradiation period, showing different cultivar and tissue specificity. Furthermore, the dose dependency of the gene expressions is also discussed immediately after the irradiation.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.79-84
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• 2008

Alismatis Rhizoma has been used as diuretics and antiphlogistics in the Chinese oriental medicine. A trypsin inhibitor was isolated from Alismatis Rhizoma using DEAE ion exchange column, trypsin affinity column, and FPLC chromatography, and its activity and characteristics were studied. The purifed Alismatis Rhizoma trypsin inhibitor (ARTI) was estimated to be about 22 kDa. The sequence determination on N-terminal amino acid residues and 84 amino acid residues has been completed, yet no homology has been found with trypsin inhibitors reported at NCBI. ARTI did not show inhibitory activities on chymotrypsin and elastase, however it exhibited a significant inhibitory activity on bovine trypsin, and formed a complex with rat liver 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase.

• BMB Reports
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• v.41 no.7
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• pp.529-536
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• 2008

Cinnamate-4-hydroxylase (C4H) is a key enzyme in the phenylpropanoid pathway, which is responsible for synthesizing a variety of secondary metabolites that participate in development and adaptation. In this study, we isolated a full-length cDNA of the C4H gene from the Korean black raspberry (Rubus sp.) and found that this gene existed as a single gene. By comparing the deduced amino acid sequence of Rubus sp. C4H with other sequences reported previously we determined that this sequence was highly conserved among widely divergent plant species. In addition, quantitative real time PCR studies indicated that the C4H gene had a differential expression pattern during fruit development, where gene expression was first detected in green fruit and was then remarkably reduced in yellow fruit, followed by an increase in red and black fruit. To investigate the two peaks in expression observed during fruit development and ripening, we measured the flavonoid content. The content of the major flavanol of Korean black raspberry fruits was determined to be highest at the beginning of fruit development, followed by a gradually decrease according to the developmental stages. In contrast, the content of anthocyanins during the progress of ripening was dramatically increased. Our results suggest that the C4H gene in Korean black raspberry plays a role during color development at the late stages of fruit ripening, whereas the expression of C4H gene during the early stages may be related to the accumulation of flavanols.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.359-365
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• 2013

Chrysanthemum is one of the most popular ornamental plants worldwide. Recently, lots of new and novel chrysanthemum varieties have been developed using mutagenesis. However, there was no study for comparison of tissue culture condition among the mutant varieties derived from one original variety, until now. This study was conducted to compare the efficient regeneration condition of the two chrysanthemum mutant varieties, 'ARTI-purple' and 'ARTI-queen'. Two different flower parts (disk and ray florets) at the unopened and early blooming stages were used for comparison of regeneration condition on MS medium supplemented with combinations of three growth regulators (BA, NAA, and IAA). The highest regeneration rate was identified on the NAA and BA combination when the disk florets at unopened blooming stage are used. The best optimum combinations of growth regulators were identified as NAA $1.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and BA $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ at 'ARTI-purple', which displayed 47.9% regeneration. However, regeneration of 'ARTI-queen' was the highest as 25.6% at NAA $2.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and BA $1.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. There results indicate that there is a difference for the optimum regeneration condition between the mutant varieties derived from one original variety. These results will be useful for construction of efficient regeneration system of diverse chrysanthemum mutants developed by mutation breeding.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.39 no.8
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• pp.594-602
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• 2016

Alkyl hydroperoxide reductase subunit C from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 (PaAhpC) is a member of the 2-Cys peroxiredoxin family. Here, we examined the peroxidase and molecular chaperone functions of PaAhpC using a site-directed mutagenesis approach by substitution of Ser and Thr residues with Cys at positions 78 and 105 located between two catalytic cysteines. Substitution of Ser with Cys at position 78 enhanced the chaperone activity of the mutant (S78C-PaAhpC) by approximately 9-fold compared with that of the wild-type protein (WT-PaAhpC). This increased activity may have been associated with the proportionate increase in the high-molecular-weight (HMW) fraction and enhanced hydrophobicity of S78C-PaAhpC. Homology modeling revealed that mutation of $Ser^{78}$ to $Cys^{78}$ resulted in a more compact decameric structure than that observed in WT-PaAhpC and decreased the atomic distance between the two neighboring sulfur atoms of $Cys^{78}$ in the dimer-dimer interface of S78C-PaAhpC, which could be responsible for the enhanced hydrophobic interaction at the dimer-dimer interface. Furthermore, complementation assays showed that S78C-PaAhpC exhibited greatly improved the heat tolerance, resulting in enhanced1 survival under thermal stress. Thus, addition of Cys at position 78 in PaAhpC modulated the functional shifting of this protein from a peroxidase to a chaperone.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.161-166
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• 2007

In vitro shoot regeneration and multiple shoot induction has been obtained from the stolen node explants in Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack. The highest number of shoots ($10.66{\pm}0.21$) was observed from initial explants after one month culture duration on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 6-benzyladenine (BA: 0.5 mg/l). First generation shoot was excised and sub-cultured on the same fresh media for further multiplication of shoots. An enhanced number of second round shoots ($15.33{\pm}0.21$) was obtained compared to the initial culture media containing BA (0.5 mg/l). The number of shoots/stolon node was higher among all the concentrations of BA than kinetin (KN). In vitro regenerated shoots were successfully rooted in the phytohormone free MS medium. Plantlets generated with roots were transferred to pots containing compound mixture of soil and kept in green house conditions. Acclimatized plants showed 100% survival rate with normal morphology in green house conditions. The present study demonstrates the effect of explant and different plant growth regulators towards in vitro response in E. ophiuroides. Moreover, the study reveals the effect of cytokinin on induction of shoot number per stolen node explant in E. ophiuroides.