• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.553-561
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• 2003

Purpose: To develop a substantive theory that represents hospital nurses' experience on caring for dying patients. Method: Grounded theory method guided the data collection and analysis. A purposeful sample of 15 hospital nurses participated during the period of 2001-2002. The data were collected by semi-structured individual interviews. All interviews were audio taped and transcribed verbatim. Constant comparative analysis was employed to analyze the data. Result: 'Putting oneself into shape while being faithful to feelings and emotions' emerged as the basic social-psychological process. Three different phases were identified: being faithful to own feelings and behaviors; putting oneself into shape; and mourning death. The first phase includes the categories of 'establishing trust relationships' and 'sympathizing with dying patients and their family members.' The second phase consists of 'controlling feelings,' 'adjusting ethical conflicts,' and 'providing best patient-care,' and 'helping family accept the jeath.' And the third phase consists of 'overcoming sadness' and 'releasing other negative feelings.' Conclusion: The result of this study will help health professionals develop efficient support programs that support nurses caring for dying patients in hospitals. Further study needs to be done to verify findings.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.625-635
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• 2004

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of gastric cancer couples in Korea and to generate a substantive theory integrating the experiences of gastric cancer survivors and their spouses as a whole. The specific aims of this study were to explore major problems gastric cancer couples faced and how they resolved these problems, focusing on inter-relational dynamics within the couples and on similarities and differences between the couples. Methods. This was a secondary analysis study using grounded theory techniques. The study used the data of 11 married couples which was collected from in-depth interviews from two primary studies. The unit of analysis was dyads of gastric cancer survivors and their spouses. Results. The basic social psychological process that emerged from the analysis was 'taking charge of their health.' Major categories involved in this process were identified as 1) adjusting to new diets, 2) reinforcing physical strength, 3) seeking information, 4) strengthening Ki, 5) lowering life-expectations, and 6) going their separate ways. These six categories represent major strategies in overcoming critical problems that occurred in day-to-day experiences. In terms of the process, the first five categories characterize the earlier stage of the process of 'taking charge of their health,' while 'going their separate ways' indicates the later stage and also the beginning of their separate ways: 'pursuing spiritual life' for the survivors, and 'preparing for the future' for the spouses. Conclusions. The results of this study will help design family care for the people with gastric cancer by providing in-depth understanding and insight on the lives of gastric cancer couples.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.63-78
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to explore a teaching method of limits of functions with more intuitive and visual of CAS graphing calculators rather than with the rigorous ${\epsilon}-{\delta}$ method. Texas Instruments Voyage200 CAS graphing calculators are used for studying the possibility of the use of technology in calculus course. For this, various related theoretical constructs are reviewed: concept image, concept definition, cognitive conflict, the use of visualization of technology for calculus concepts, the theory of APOS, and local straightness. Based on such theoretical constructs this study suggests a teaching method of limits of functions with embodied visualization of CAS graphing calculators.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.5-14
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore adjustment pattern of illness process of people with hemophilia in Korea. Method: 23 people with hemophilia had participated for this study. The data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed using Strauss & Corbin's grounded theory method. Results: 'would be free from' was emerged as a core category and it reflects that all participants wanted to be free from the constraints of the disease. The adjustment process was categorized into two stage, the ‘unstable stage’ and the ‘stable stage’. In the process of 'would be free from' four different patterns were identified: hopelessness type; appreciation type; challenge type; and transcendence type. These types were identified based on the degree of pursuing normal life and managing the disease, and social support. The most frequently occurring type was hopelessness type but the participants of this type suffered the most. The transcendence type was the most ideal type, but it occurred the least. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that people with hemophilia in Korea still suffer from the disease and they need supports. The results would be useful for health care professionals in establishing education and counseling program for the people with hemophilia.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.25-40
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• 2010

We first seek a principle of cognitive development processes by reviewing and summarizing Piaget's cognitive development theory, constructivism and Dubinsky's APOS theory, and also the epistemology on logics of 墨子 and 荀子. We investigate Chapter 8 方程 on the theory of systems of linear equations, of the Nine Chapters, one of the oldest ancient Asian mathematical books, from the viewpoint of our principle of cognitive development processes. We conclude the educational value of the chapter and the value of the research on Asian ancient mathematical works and heritages.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.355-372
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• 2020

The concept of infinite series is an important subject of major mathematics curriculum in college. For several centuries it has provided learners not only counter-intuitive obstacles but also central role of analysis study. As the understanding in concept on infinite series became foundation of development of calculus in history of mathematics, it is essential to present students to study higher mathematics. Most students having concept of infinite sum have no difficulty in mathematical contents such as convergence test of infinite series. But they have difficulty in organizing concept of infinite series of partial sum. Thus, in this study we try to analyze construct the concept of infinite series in terms of APOS theory and genetic decomposition. By checking to construct concept of infinite series, we try to get an useful educational implication on teaching of infinite series.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.771-780
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore how older adults kept their health good at a doctorless farm village. Method: Data was collected through in-depth interviews with 32 participants who were over 65 years old and analyzed in terms of Strauss and Corbin's (1990) grounded theory methodology. Result: The Core Category of health care of older adults was identified as 'enduring physical changes by themselves'. The process of this could be divided into 4 stages: the stage of bearing, the stage of managing daily living activities, the stage of passively collecting information and the stage of minimally utilizing health care services. Older adults accepted the aging process positively but health sources limitation passively, so they managed daily living activities and used natural food for health. In addition, they collected information related to health care and used health care services minimally. Conclusion: We found that participants managed their health passively because of negative attitudes toward active health behaviors of older adults by themselves and the difficulty of access to health care services. Therefore, various community health services for older adults need to be developed to empower older adults in the community.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.365-383
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• 2015

Factorization asks the recognition of the structure of polynomials, compared to polynomial expansion with process characteristic. Therefore it makes students experience a lot of difficulties. This study aims to figure out causes of the difficulties by identifying students' cognitive characteristics in factorizing in the perspective of 'structure sense'. To do this, we gave six factorizing problems of three types to middle school students and selected six participants as interviewees based on the test results. They were classified into two categories, structure sense and non-structure sense. Through this interview, we figured out the interviewee's cognitive characteristics and the causes of difficulty in the perspective of structure sense. Furthermore, we suggested some didactical implications for encouraging structure sense in factorizing by identifying assistances and obstacles for recognition of structures.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.15-20
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• 2004

These days are referred to as 'the times of textile fashion,' owing to the emphasis on textile design in the fashion industry. Accordingly, apparel companies have increased their interests in developing new types of textiles to overcome the limits of style and silhouette. Now the ultra-fashion of textile, a new way of process and design development, is given much more attention. A Moire interference pattern has a longer wavy circle of interference, an effect of intensity interference, than one made by piling more than one reflecting plate or transmitting plate. Till now, Moire interference patterns have been used to confirm scientific theory and to measure the structure of a body or a subject in areas such as physics and medical science. Work has also been done on the Moire interference effects on TV screens said to cause dizziness and eye strain. This study focuses on the new types of textiles by creating the appearance of the Moire phenomena. Contrary to the present usual stationary patterns of textiles, it is a varying pattern according to the different gratings, different angles, piling gratings, and the movements of the human bodies. In the preceding study, we observed Moire fringes formed by overlapping two different or same kinds of gratings such as parallel line gratings, square gratings, conic gratings and semicircular gratings and tried to find a promising possibility of new textiles through the method of clothes design simulation.

• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.77-86
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• 2004

User-Centered Design Approach plays important role in dealing with usability issues for developing modern technology products. Yet it is still questionable whether the User-Centered approach is enough for the development of successful consumer contents since the User-Centered Design is originated from the software engineering field where meeting customers' functional requirement is the most critical aspect in developing a software. However, modern consumer market is already saturated and in order to meet ever increasing consumer requirements, the User-Centered Design approach needs to be expanded. As a way of incorporating the User-Centered Approach into the consumer product development, Jordan suggested the 'Pleasure-based Approach' in industrial design field, which usually generates multi-dimensional user requirements: 1)physical, 2)cognitive, 3)identity and 4) social. It is the current tendency that many portal and community service providers focus on fulfilling both functional and emotional needs for users when developing new items, contents and services. Previously fulfilling consumers' emotional needs solely depend on visual designer's graphical sense and capability. However, taking the customer-centered approach on withdrawing consumers' unknown needs is getting critical in the competitive market environment. This paper reviews different types of user research techniques and categorized into 6 ways based on Kano(1992)'s product quality model. Based on his theory, only performance factors, such as suability, can be identified through the user-centered design approach. The user-centered design approach has to be expanded to include factors include personality, sociability, pleasure, and so on. In order to identify performance as well as excellent factors through user research, a user-research framework was established and tested through the case study, which is ' the development of new online service for teens '. The results of the user research were summarized at the end of the paper and the pros and cons of each research techniques were analyzed.