• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2008

광대역 신호는 16 kHz로 표본화되어 50-7000 Hz로 밴드 제한된 신호를 말하며, 전화대역 음성 신호에 비해서 높은 자연성(naturalness)과 명료성(intelligibility)을 가진다. 이런 특징으로 광대역 부호화기는 화상회의, 디지털 AM 방송 및 고음질 음성통신 등에 사용될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 가변대역 특징을 갖는 광대역 음성 오디오 부호화기를 제안하였다. 제안된 부호화기는 대역분한 구조를 가진다. 저주파 대역은 전화대역 음성 부호화기로 많이 사용되고 있는 8 kbit/s ITU-T G.729나 보다 높은 전송률로 오디오 신호까지 처리할 수 있는 11.8 kbit/s ITU-T G.729 Annex E로 부호화한다. 고주파 대역은 청각 모델을 기반으로 한 파라미터 부호화 방법으로 부호화한다. 제안된 고주파 대역 부호화는 감마톤 필터뱅크(gammatone filterbank)를 이용하여 입력신호를 임계대역으로 분할한 후, 각각의 임계대역 신호를 양자화한다. 저주파 대역 부호화기와 고주파 대역 부호화기는 서로 독립되어 있으므로, 복호화기에서는 채널 조건에 따라 전화대역 합성신호와 광대역 합성신호를 선택할 수 있는 특징이 있다. 성능 평가 결과, 제안된 부호화기는 낮은 전송률과 짧은 지연 시간으로 음성과 오디오 신호 모두에 대해 ITU-T G.722.1 24 kbit/s와 동등한 음질을 제공한다는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.1336-1347
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• 1991

I본 논문에서는 ISDN(Integrated Services Digital Network)환경에서 PC(Personal Computer)를 상호 연결하여 컴퓨터 간에 정보를 교환하여 패킷 통신망을 구현하기 위하여 ISDN 패킷 단말기용 PC 접속기를 설계하고 구현하였다. ISDN 패킷 단말기용 PC 접속기는 ISDN 계층 1기능과 ISDN 계층 2기능을 수행하는 S 인터페이스 처리부와 X.25에 서비스를 제공하며, X.25는 패킷 모드에서 수행하는 터미널을 위해 DTE(Data Terminal Equipment)와 DCE(Data Circuit Terminating Equipment)간의 접속을 규정하고 있다. S 인터페이스 처리부는 AMD사의 Am79C30칩을 사용하였으며, ISDN 패킷 처리부는 D 채널에 AMD 사의 AmZ8038의 FIFO(First Out)칩을 사용하였으며, D채널의 전반적인 신호절차 제어를 위해 인텔사의 8086 마이크로세서를 사용하였다. S 인터페이스 처리부는 ISDN 계층 1,2로 구성되어 있으며, 계층 간 통신을 위해 메일박스(mail box)를 사용하였다. ISDN 패킷 처리부는 X.25 레벨에서 모듈별로 구성되어 있으며, S 인터페이스 처리부와 ISDN 패킷 처리부 간 통신을 위하여 인터페이스 제어기를 사용하였다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2013

Inflammatory cells express the inflammatory cytokines and growth factors induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Odontoblasts are located at the pulp-dentin interface and extend their cell processes far into the dentin where they are the first cells to encounter microorganisms or their products. Therefore, this study examined the expression of some growth factors related to the signal pathway, such as growth factor receptor binding protein 2 (Grb2)-Ras in odontoblast-like dental pulp cells, after a treatment with LPS. After 60 minutes, the mRNA and protein expression levels of Grb2 and Ras were higher in the LPS-treated cells than in the control cells. The level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) mRNA expression was increased significantly to a level similar to that of Grb2 and Ras at 60 minutes. The platelet-derived growth factor-AA (PDGF-AA) mRNA level was expressed strongly in the odontoblast like dental pulp cells without an association with LPS stimulation. Scanning electron microscopy revealed many extensions of the cytoplasmic processes and the number of processes increased gradually at 30, 60 and 90 minutes after LPS stimulation. From these results VEGF and bFGF expression might be induced through the Grb2-Ras signal transduction pathway in LPS treated odontoblasts.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.2228-2237
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• 1994

This paper describes the development of a Ku-band ($12.25GHz\sim12.75GHz$) SSPA intended as a replacement for TWTAs used in communication satelite transponder. The power stage of the amplifier consists of tow intrmally matched 8W FET divices combined using the branch-line coupler. To operate this stage, the drive stage has been designed with intermally matched 2W, 4W, 8W FET and two medium power FETs. The entire amplifier is made up by a aluminum chassis housing both the RF circuit and the bias circuitry. A regrlator/sequencing circuitry is used for FET biasing. The amplifier results implemented in this way show $41\pm0.3dB$ small-signal gain, 15W saturation power, a typical two tone $IM_3=-21.5dBc$ with single carrier backed off 5dB from saturation, $2^*/dBmax$ AM/PM conversion, and $3.47\pm0.25nsec$ group delay.

• Journal of Information Display
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.12-15
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• 2005

We propose a new pixel design for active matrix organic light emitting diode (AM-OLED) displays using hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin-film transistors (a-Si:H TFTs). The pixel circuit is composed of five TFTs and one capacitor, and employs only one additional control signal line. It is verified by SPICE simulation results that the proposed pixel compensates the threshold voltage shift of the a-Si:H TFTs and OLED.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.223-223
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• 2009

압전 변압기(PT)는 전자제품의 전원 공급 장치에서 마그네틱 변압기의 대안으로서 소형화와 높은 절연 내압의 특성 등을 가지고 있다. 이는 시스템의 소형화와 절연 특성을 크게 높일수있는 장점을 지니고있다. 본 논문에서는 고정주파수 펄스폭 변조 압전 변압기의 구동을 위해, AM modulation을 이용한, 한 점에서의 센싱을 통한 위상제어와 펄스폭 변조 제어를 제안하였다. 이를 위해 EDF 소신호 분석을 하였고, 루프를 설계하여 검증하여 보았다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.165-170
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• 2017

Gas vesicles are intracellular gas-filled protein-shelled nanocompartments. The structures are spindle or cylinder-shaped, and typically $0.1{\sim}2{\mu}m$ in length and 45~250 nm in width. A variety of prokaryotes including photosynthetic bacteria and halophilic archaea form gas vesicles in their cytoplasm. Gas vesicles provide cell buoyancy as flotation devices in aqueous habitats. They are used as nanoscale molecular reporters for ultrasound imaging for biomedical purposes. The structures in halophilic archaea are poorly resolved due to the low signal-to-noise ratio from the high salt concentration in the medium. Such a limitation can be overcome using focused ion beam-thinning or inelastically scattered electrons. As the concentric bodies (~200 nm in diameter) in fungi possess gas-filled cores, it is possible that the concept of gas vesicles could be applied to eukaryotic microbes beyond prokaryotes.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 전자세라믹스 센서 및 박막재료 반도체재료 일렉트렛트 및 응용기술
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• pp.168-171
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• 2000

Underwater acoustic communications have made considerable advances in the past decade. The purpose of this paper is to achieve the underwater communication by ultrasonic sensors and to investigate conditions of good underwater acoustic communicators. As a result of this experiments, the ultrasonic sensors, MA40E7R/S, made by Nicera can be used as ultrasonic transducers for underwater communication using AM(Amplitude Modulation) signal and Transmission Loss is 17.328[dB] at 65[cm]. To make a good underwater communicator, proper diameter of disk PZT transduers is the one of most important factors, because radiation of acoustic wave depends on proper diameter of transduers and the transmission loss strongly depends on the spreading loss.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.115-124
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• 2020

This paper is a study of deep learning among artificial intelligence technology which has been developing many technologies recently. Especially, I am talking about emotional computing that has been mentioned a lot recently during deep learning. Emotional computing, in other words, is a passive concept that is dominated by people who scientifically analyze human sensibilities and reflect them in product development or system design, and a more active concept that studies how devices and systems understand humans and communicate with people in different modes. This emotional signal extraction, sensitivity, and psychology recognition technology is defined as a technology to process, analyze, and recognize psycho-sensitivity based on micro-small, hyper-sensor technology, and sensitive signals and information that can be sensed by the active movement of the autonomic nervous system caused by human emotional changes in everyday life. Chapter 1 talks about overview and Chapter 2 shows related research. Chapter 3 shows the problems and models of real emotional computing and Chapter 4 shows this paper as a conclusion.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.183-187
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• 2020

The general Wi-Fi network connection structure is that a number of IoT (Internet of Things) sensor nodes are directly connected to one AP (Access Point) node. In this structure, the range of the network that can be established within the specified specifications such as the range of signal strength (RSSI) to which the AP node can connect and the maximum connection capacity is limited. To overcome these limitations, multiple middleware bridge technologies for dynamic scalability and load balancing were studied. However, these network expansion technologies have difficulties in terms of the rules and conditions of AP nodes installed during the initial network deployment phase In this paper, an intelligent edge computing IoT device is developed for constructing an intelligent autonomous cluster edge computing network and applying it to real-time road danger context aware and notification system through an intelligent risk situation recognition algorithm.