• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.100-105
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• 2003

Small dense LDL(LDL III) is emerging as a major risk factor for coronary artery disease. LDL III generation is associated with high triglyceride concentration, high hepatic lipase activity, and high cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) levels. CETP polymorphisms have been reported to be associated with coronary artery disease. In this study, we investigated the relationship between CETP polymorphism and LDL III generation. VLDL1, VLDL2, IDL and LDL subfractions were measured in 87 normal healthy Korean subjects who had been SNP genotyped for Taq1B, I405v and A629C. We found no differences in LDL subfractions and lipoprotein composition between homozygotes for Taq1B2B2, and those for Taq1B1B1 and Taq1B1B2. There were no differences in LDL subfractions and lipoprotein composition between homozygotes for 629AA, and those for 629AC and -629CC. However, homozygotes for 405VV had a significantly lower LDL III concentration and proportion than those for 405II and 405IV. We concluded that, among the Taq1B, I405V and A629C polymorphisms, only the 1405V polymorphism was associated with the concentration and proportion of LDL III.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.325-331
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• 2023

α₁-adrenoceptors link via the G-protein Gq/G₁₁ to both Ca²⁺ entry and release from stores, but may also activate Rho kinase, which causes calcium sensitization. This study aimed to identify the subtype(s) of α₁-adrenoceptor involved in Rho kinase-mediated responses in both rat aorta and mouse spleen, tissues in which contractions involve multiple subtypes of α₁-adrenoceptor. Tissues were contracted with cumulative concentrations of noradrenaline (NA) in 0.5 log unit increments, before and in the presence of an antagonist or vehicle. Contractions produced by NA in rat aorta are entirely α₁-adrenoceptor mediated as they are competitively blocked by prazosin. The α_1A-adrenoceptor antagonist RS100329 had low potency in rat aorta. The α_1D-adrenoceptor antagonist BMY7378 antagonized contractions in rat aorta in a biphasic manner: low concentrations blocking α_1D-adrenoceptors and high concentrations blocking α_1B-adrenoceptors. The Rho kinase inhibitor fasudil (10 µM) significantly reduced aortic contractions in terms of maximum response, suggesting inhibition of α_1B-adrenoceptor mediated responses. In the mouse spleen, a tissue in which all 3 subtypes of α₁-adrenoceptor are involved in contractions to NA, fasudil (3 µM) significantly reduced both early and late components to the NA contraction, the early component involving α_1B- and α_1D-adrenoceptors, and the late component involving α_1B- and α_1A-adrenoceptors. This suggests that fasudil inhibits α_1B-adrenoceptor mediated responses. It is concluded that α_1D- and α_1B-adrenoceptors interact in rat aorta and α_1D-, α_1A- and α_1B-adrenoceptors interact in the mouse spleen to produce contractions and these interactions suggest that one of the receptors preferentially activates Rho kinase, most likely the α_1B-adrenoceptor.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.471-479
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• 1999

배경: 폐동맥폐쇄와 주대동맥폐동맥혈관부행지를 동반한 활로씨사징증 환아들은 여러가지 이질적인 외과적인 원칙하에 치료되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 상기 질환으로 본원에서 치료를 받은 환아들을 대상으로 그동안 시도하였던 5 가지 서로 다른 외과적인 치료전략을 중심으로 그 장단점을 비교하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1986년 1월부터 1998년 6월까지 본 질환을 가진 50명의 환아를 대상으로 최초 수술방법에 따라 일단계단일화술군(A-1, n=9), 단계적단일화술군(A-2, n=11), 우심실-폐동맥 연결술군(B-1, n=11), 우심실-폐동맥연결/단일화술 동시 시행군(B-2, n=11), 일단계 완전교정술군(C, n=8) 등 5군으로 분류하고 군별 형태학적 특성, 수술결과, 완전교정 가능성, 추적결과 등을 비교 분석하였다. 50명 환아들의 제 1차 수술당시 평균연령은 39$\pm$31 (1-177) 개월이었다. 결과: 각 군의 최초 수술 당시 평균 연령은 각각 57$\pm$18(A-1), 42$\pm$48(A-2), 18$\pm$14(B-1), 52$\pm$55(B-2), 32$\pm$34(C) 개월이었다 (p<0.05). 주대동맥폐동맥혁관부행지의 평균 숫자는 일단계 완전교정술 시행 군에서 가장 적었다 (A-1=4.3$\pm$1.0, A-2=4.5$\pm$1.3, B-1=4.1$\pm$1.9, B-2=4.1$\pm$1.6, C=3.4$\pm$1.8 : p<0.05). 직접 및 간접 주대동맥폐동맥혁관부행지 숫자의 비는 군간에 차이가 없었다 (A-1=91%/9%), A-2=78%/22%, B-1=80%/20%, B-2=80%/20%, C=81%/19% : p>0.05). 19명의 환아는 1개 이상의 의존성 주대동맥폐동맥혈관부행지를 가지고 있었다. 13명의 환아는 진폐동맥이 존재하지 않았으며 29명의 환아의 진폐동맥은 좌우폐동맥 연결이 있었다. 수술은 50명의 환아에 대하여 총 101 (1-4)회 시행되었으며 각 군의 최초 수술에 따른 수술사망율은 각각 33%(3/9, A-1), 18%(2/11, A-2), 0%(0/11, B-1), 36%(5/11, B-2), 13%(1/8, C)였다 (p<0.05). 군별 심실중격결손의 완전폐쇄까지를 포함한 완전교정술을 완료한 환아의 백분율은 각각 22%(2/9, A-1), 18%(2/11, A-2). 45%(5/11,B-1), 27%(4/11,B-2), 100%(8/8,C)(p<0.05)였다 (p<0.05). 사망원인은 저산소성 호흡부전 및 심부전(6), 뇌손상(2), 패혈증(4) 등이었고 술후 합병증으로 횡격막신경마비가 5례에서 발생하였다. 6례의 추적실패를 제외한 생존환자 31례는 평균 74$\pm$42 (3-145) 개월 외래추적되었으며 1년 및 5년 생존율이 각각 73%, 73%였다. 결론: 연구자등은 본 연구를 통하여, 본 질환에 대하여 제 1단계로 시행한 시술로 우심실-폐동맥 연결술이 가장 안전하고도 완전교정술 도달 확률이 높은 치료전략이라는 사실을 입증하였으며 주대동맥폐동맥혈관부행지의 크기나 숫자가 단일화하기 쉬운 형태학적 특징을 지닌 경우에는 조기에 일단계완전교정술을 시행하여 양호한 결과를 얻을 수 있다는 사실을 발견하였다. 반면 본 환아군 중 단일화술을 먼저 시도한 군에서는 비록 단계적인 단일화를 시도한 군에서 단일화술과 관계된 수술사망율이 약간 낮기는 하였으나 완전교정술까지 완료될 가능성에는 차이가 없었다. 그러나 이 경우 보다 정련된 적응 환자의 선택을 통한 단일화 우선전략의 시도와 장기 추적결과의 관찰이 요구된다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.289-294
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• 2013

To maintain cellular homeostasis against the demands of the extracellular environment, a precise regulation of kinases and phosphatases is essential. In cell cycle regulation mechanisms, activation of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK1) and cyclin B complex (CDK1:cyclin B) causes a remarkable change in protein phosphorylation. Activation of CDK1:cyclin B is regulated by two auto-amplification loops-CDK1:cyclin B activates Cdc25, its own activating phosphatase, and inhibits Wee1, its own inhibiting kinase. Recent biological evidence has revealed that the inhibition of its counteracting phosphatase activity also occurs, and it is parallel to CDK1:cyclin B activation during mitosis. Phosphatase regulation of mitotic kinases and their substrates is essential to ensure that the progression of the cell cycle is ordered. Outlining how the mutual control of kinases and phosphatases governs the localization and timing of cell division will give us a new understanding about cell cycle regulation.

• BMB Reports
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.199-204
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• 2011

Ephrin signaling is involved in various morphogenetic events, such as axon guidance, hindbrain segmentation, and angiogenesis. We conducted a yeast two-hybrid screen using the intracellular domain (ICD) of EphrinB1 to gain biochemical insight into the function of the EphrinB1 ICD. We identified the transcriptional co-repressor xTLE1/Groucho as an EphrinB1 interacting protein. Whole-mount in situ hybridization of Xenopus embryos confirmed the co-localization of EphrinB1 and a Xenopus counterpart to TLE1, xTLE4, during various stages of development. The EphrinB1/xTLE4 interaction was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation experiments. Further characterization of the interaction revealed that the carboxy-terminal PDZ binding motif of EphrinB1 and the SP domain of xTLE4 are required for binding. Additionally, phosphorylation of EphrinB1 by a constitutively activated fibroblast growth factor receptor resulted in loss of the interaction, suggesting that the interaction is modulated by tyrosine phosphorylation of the EphrinB1 ICD.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제38A권1호
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• pp.79-87
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• 2013

전력 및 대역폭 제한적 디지털통신 시스템을 위한 새로운 변조 기술인 상관부호화 FSK (CEFSK) 시스템의 성능을 단일 및 다중 반송파 비선형 채널 환경에서 분석하였다. CEFSK는 심볼간 간섭이 없으며 인접하는 두 심볼간의 진폭과 위상 사이에 상관관계를 유지함으로써 부드럽고 연속적인 위상천이와 함께 적은 포락선 변동을 갖는 출력신호를 생성한다. 따라서 CEFSK 시스템은 기존의 GFSK와 비교하여 비선형 왜곡에 대한 인접심볼간섭(ISI)과 혼변조(IM)에 의한 영향을 적게 받는다. 본 논문에서는 AWGN과 ISI 그리고 IM 성분을 갖는 비선형 증폭 채널 환경에서 CEFSK 시스템의 성능을 전산모의실험을 통해서 분석하였다. 단일채널에 대한 실험에서는 고출력증폭기의 입력 차단 (IBO)가 -1.0dB와 -3.0dB일 때, 단일 비트 차동검파 (1DD) CEFSK가 $BER=1{\times}10^{-4}$을 유지하기 위해서 1DD-GFSK 보다 1.2dB와 0.8dB 우수하고 다중채널의 경우에서는 IBO의 값과 무관하게 약 1.1dB 우수하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.1206-1211
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• 2013

The selective inhibition of PTP1B has been widely recognized as a potential drug target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity. In the course of screening for PTP1B inhibitory fungal metabolites, the organic extracts of several fungal species isolated from marine environments were found to exhibit significant inhibitory effects, and the bioassay-guided investigation of these extracts resulted in the isolation of fructigenine A (1), cyclopenol (2), echinulin (3), flavoglaucin (4), and viridicatol (5). The structures of these compounds were determined mainly by analysis of NMR and MS data. These compounds inhibited PTP1B activity with 50% inhibitory concentration values of 10.7, 30.0, 29.4, 13.4, and 64.0 ${\mu}M$, respectively. Furthermore, the kinetic analysis of PTP1B inhibition by compounds 1 and 5 suggested that compound 1 inhibited PTP1B activity in a noncompetitive manner, whereas compound 5 inhibited PTP1B activity in a competitive manner.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.44-48
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• 1997

약 30 nm의 미세결정립으로 구성된 ( .alpha. -Fe)-(Nd$_{2}$Fe$_{14}$B$_{1}$)형 저 Nd함유 Nd-Fe-B계 합금이 급속응고법으로 제조된 비정질상으로 부터 결정화하여 제조되었다. Nd$_{4}$Fe$_{82}$B$_{10}$Mo$_{3}$Cu$_{1}$ 조성에 Ga의 첨가는 각형성 개선효과와 함께 잔류자화를 1.29 T까지 증가시킨다. Nd의 함유량을 증가시킨 초미세결정립 Nd$_{5}$Fe$_{81}$B$_{9}$Mo$_{3}$Cu$_{1}$Ga$_{1}$ 합금의 Nd$_{2}$Fe$_{81}$B$_{9}$Mo$_{3}$Cu$_{1}$Ga$_{1}$ 합금의 잔류자화, 보자력 및 최대자기에너지적은 각각 1.24 T, 257.4 kA/m(3.23 kOe), and 100.3 kJ/m$^{3}$(12.6 MGOe)이다.다.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.97-107
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• 2024

Let A ⊆ B be an extension of integral domains with characteristic zero. Let H(A, B) and h(A, B) be rings of composite Hurwitz series and composite Hurwitz polynomials, respectively. We simply call H(A, B) and h(A, B) composite Hurwitz rings of A and B. In this paper, we study when H(A, B) and h(A, B) are unique factorization domains (resp., GCD-domains, finite factorization domains, bounded factorization domains).

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.205-209
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• 2002

In the paper the following propositions are proved. 1) If ($Q,{\cdot},e$) is a B-algebra, then there exists a group($Q,A,^{-1}$, 1) such that the following equalities hold e=1 and ${\cdot}=^{-1}A$, where $^{-1}A(x,y)=z{\Longleftrightarrow^{def}}A(z,y)=x$; and 2) If ($Q,A,^{-1}$, e) is a group, then ($Q,^{-1}A$, e) is a B-algebra.