• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제33권1호통권129호
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• pp.48-57
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• 2005

플라스틱 가소제로 사용되고 있는 프탈레이트류(phthalate esters)의 백색부후균에 의한 분해 특성을 확인하기 위해 본 연구에서는 프탈레이트 제조에 사용되고 있는 전구체로서 프탈산(phthalic acid)의 분해를 Polyporus brumalis를 이용하여 확인하였다. 프탈산(phthalic acid) 50 ppm을 액상 배지에 처리하고 균체에 의한 프탈산의 감소율을 확인한 결과, 배양 4일 후부터 감소하기 시작하여 배양 24일에는 배지 내에서 검출되지 않아 완전히 분해되었음을 확인하였고, 배양 기간 동안 리그닌 분해 효소 활성 변화는 배양 10일 후부터 대조구에 비해 프탈산 처리구의 효소 활성이 저조하게 나타남을 확인하였다. Esterase의 경우에는 대조구에서 보여지는 효소 활성 변화와는 달리 배양 10일 이후에 지속적으로 증가하는 것을 확인하였다. 영양원으로 사용된 glucose는 배양 6일 째까지는 대조구와 프탈산 처리구간에 감소율이 유사하였으나, 이후 배양 시간이 연장됨에 따라 배지 내에서 급격하게 감소하는 것을 확인하여 대조구에 비해 프탈산 처리구가 glucose 소모율이 낮았다. 이는 프탈산이 균체에 흡수된 후에 대사작용에 이용되기 때문이라 사료된다. 또한, 균체외 효소에 의한 프탈산의 화학적 구조변화를 GC/MS를 이용하여 분석한 결과 반응 12시간 이내에 무수프탈산으로 탈수 반응이 급격히 진행되는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.403-412
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 토양 및 근권에 존재하는 Bacillus 속의 식물 생장 촉진 활성, 식물 병원성 곰팡이의 생장 억제활성, 미네랄 가용화능 및 세포 외 효소활성을 확인해 보고자 하였다. 식물 병원성 곰팡이에 대한 항진균 활성에서 DDP257은 10종의 병원성 곰팡이에서 항진균 활성이 모두 나타났다. 식물 생장 촉진 인자인 indole-3-acetic acid 생성능에서는 ANG20이 70.97 ㎍/ml로 가장 높게 나타났다. 추가적으로 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase 생성능 조사에서는 총 10종에서 생성능을 확인하였고, 질소 고정능과 siderophore 생성능 조사에서는 대부분의 분리균주에서 활성을 확인하였다. 이후 분리된 균주에 대하여 phosphate, calcite, zinc과 같은 미네랄 가용화능을 확인하였으며 세포외 효소활성에서도 대부분의 효소에서 활성이 나타났다. 특히 alkaline phosphatase, esterase (C4), acid phosphatase, naphtol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase에서 선별된 균주 모두 유사한 활성을 보였다. 이는 Bacillus 속이 다양한 유기물과 항생물질 및 세포 외 효소를 분비함으로써 이러한 결과가 나타난 것으로 판단된다. 따라서, 본 연구 결과를 통해 토양의 환경 개선에 기여하는 균주를 활용하여 미생물 제제로써의 가능성을 제시한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.802-810
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• 2007

Fibrobacter succinogenes, a Gram-negative, anaerobic ruminal bacterium is a major fibre digesting species in the rumen. It intensively degrades plant cell walls by an erosion type of mechanism, burrowing its way through the complex matrix of cellulose and hemicellulose with the release of digestible and undigested cell wall fragments. The enzymes involved in this process include a combination of glucanases, xylanases, arabinofuranosidase(s) and esterases. The genome of the bacterium has been sequenced and this has revealed in excess of 100 putative glycosyl hydrolase, pectate lyase and carbohydrate esterase genes, which is greater than the numbers reported present in other major cellulolytic organisms for which genomes have been sequenced. Modelling of the amino acid sequences of two glycanases, CedA and EGB, by reference to crystallized homologs has enabled prediction of the major features of their tertiary structures. Two dimensional gel electrophoresis in conjunction with mass spectroscopy has permitted the documentation of proteins over expressed in F. succinogenes grown on cellulose, and analysis of the cell surfaces of mutant strains unable to bind to cellulose has enabled the identification of candidate proteins with roles in adhesion to the plant cell wall substrate, the precursor to cellulose biodegradation.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.386-394
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• 2008

The tissue extract (TTE) of a marine snail Telescopium telescopium, collected from the coastal regions of West Bengal, India, was extensively screened for pharmacological and biochemical properties. Telescopium telescopium (TTE) produced significant lysis of washed rat erythrocytes (both direct and indirect), produced haemorrhagic lesions in the skin and also released haemoglobin (in vitro tissue damage) from different tissue samples. TTE was found to produce pro-inflammatory effects when injected into the rat hind paw and also increased peritoneal vascular permeability. Furthermore, intravenous administration of TTE produced a decrease in blood pressure (hypotensive effect) in anaesthetized rats. The extract produced potent esterase activity, as was evident from the breakdown of FDA with subsequent release of fluorescein (in vitro). TTE also demonstrated prominent cholinesterase, phospholipase, phosphatase and protease activities.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권9호
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• pp.1502-1510
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• 2018

Organic solvent-tolerant (OST) enzymes are widely applied in various industries for their activity and stability in organic solvents, for their higher substrate solubility, and for their greater stero-selectivity. However, the criteria for identifying OST enzymes largely remain undefined. In this study, we compared the amino acid composition of 19 OST esterases with that of 19 non OST esterases. OST esterases have increased the ratio of Ala and Arg residues and decreased the ratio of Asn, Ile, Tyr, Lys, and Phe residues. Based on our amino acid composition analysis, we cloned a carboxylesterase (EstSP2) from a psychrophilic bacterium, Sphingomonas glacialis PAMC 26605, and characterized its recombinant protein. EstSP2 is a substrate specific to p-nitrophenyl acetate and hydrolyzed aspirin, with optimal activity at $40^{\circ}C$; at $4^{\circ}C$, the activity is approximately 50% of its maximum. As expected, EstSP2 showed tolerance in up to 40% concentration of polar organic solvents, including dimethyl sulfoxide, methanol, and ethanol. The results of this study suggest that selecting OST esterases based on their amino acid composition could be a novel approach to identifying OST esterases produced from bacterial genomes.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.171-178
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• 2008

수백여 종의 개별물질이 불완전 연소 혹은 유기물의 열분해로 인해 발생되는 다환방향족 탄화수소(PAHs)는 환경에서 중요한 오염원이 되고 있다. 본 연구는 다양한 바이오마커를 이용하여 수서생태계에 벤조피렌(benzo[a]pyrene)과 같은 다환방향족 탄화수소의 영향을 분석하였고, 이에 대한 통합적 결과 모델을 도출하였다. 즉, 잉어(Cyprinus carpio)를 이용하여 여러 농도의 벤조피렌(3, 12, $34{\mu}g/L$, 측정농도 기준)에 10일간 노출시킨 다음, DNA single-strand break, ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), acetylcholine esterase (AChE)와 vitellogenin (VTG)의 농도를 측정하였다. 벤조피렌은 잉어의 DNA 손상을 유도하였고, 낮은 농도에서 EROD와 VTC의 유의적인 활성을 보였으나, 신경전달물질과 관련이 깊은 AChE 효소활성에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 이 결과를 star plot를 이용하여 통합 및 분석하였으며, 노출농도에 따른 통합 반응지수(integrated biomarker response value: IBR)로 나타내었다. 이런 다양한 바이오마커의 결과들은 벤조피렌에 대한 어류의 영향과 수생태 모니터링 자료로 이용 가능할 것으로 여겨지며, 통합반응지수는 생태위해성평가에서 유용한 도구로 쓰일 가치가 있는 것으로 평가된다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.480-484
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• 2002

Costunolide has been reported to be a cytotoxic and chemopreventive agent. This work investigated the mechanism of the anti proliferative effect of costunolide and determined that it induced differentiation of the human leukemia cell line HL-60. Costunolide exhibited a potent antiproliferative activity against HL-60 cells. It was also found to be a potent inducer of differentiation in human leukemia derived HL-60 cells through the examination of differentiation markers, as assessed by the reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium, the increase in esterase activities and phagocytic activity, morphology change and the expression of CD14 and CD66b surface antigens. These results, accompanied by a decline in the expression of c-myc protein, suggest that costunolide induces differentiation of human leukemia cells to granulocytes and monocytes/macrophages lineage.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.18-24
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• 2003

매추좀나방과 파밤나방에 대한 flupyrazofos 의 작용기작을 구명하기위하여 한국화학연구소에서 분양을 받아 실내에서 19 세대 누대 사육한 배추좀나방과 포장에서 채집하여 실내에서 인공사료를 이용하여 25세대 누대사육한 파밤나방을 대상으로 효소활성도 및 flupyrazofos 에 의한 AChE 활성 저해정도를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 배추좀나방과 파밤나방의 머리에 있는 AChE의 활성도는 배추좀나방 1령$\sim$4령에서 $1.5\sim11.1$ ng/larva/ruin 이었고, 파밤나방 1령$\sim$6령에서 $1.7\sim45.2$ ng/larva/min로 나타나 4령이상의 영기에서는 $25\sim30$배이상 높았다. 배추좀나방과 파밤나방에 대한 aliesterase 의 활성도는 배추좀나방 1령충에 비하여 배추좀나방 2령$\sim$4령에서는 머리와 복부에서 각각 $1.7\sim4.7$배와 $3\sim17$배 이하였으나, 파밤나방 3령$\sim$6령에서는 $8\sim55$배와 $12\sim30$배 이상이었다. Flupyrazofos 에 의한 AChE 반수저해농도 $(I_{50})$는 배추좀나방 2령과 4령에서 각각 92 nM과 $1.8{\mu}M$이었고 파밤나방 2령과 4령에서 각각 $15{\mu}M$과 3.1mM로 나타나 파밤나방은 배추좀나방 보다 약 $162\sim1,720$배 이상 높은 농도를 보였다.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.51-61
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• 1995

A horizontal starch gal electrophoresis for enzyme proteins extracted from 3 species of Korean planorbid snails; Gyraulus convexiusculus, Hippeutis cantori and Segmentina hemisphaerula was carried out in order to elucidate their genetic relationships.The results from 12 enzymes employed in three different kinds of buffer systems are summarized as follows:1) Two loci from each enzyme of aldehyde oxidase, esterase, glucose phosphate isomerase. isocitrate dehydrogenase, leucine aminopeptidase, malate dehyogenase, peptidase and xanthine oxidase were detected, and only one locus was observed from each of the following four enzymes: 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, glyceraldehyde-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.2) Most of loci in 3 species of planorbid snails employed showed homozygous and monomorphic banding patterns and some of them were specifis as genetic markers among different species. However, a few of loci (EST-1. EST-2 and GPI-2)showed polymorphic banding patterns. 3)Hippeutis cantori and Segmentina hemisphaerula were more closely clustered in a dendrogram with the genetic iddentity value of 0.431, and these two species were lineated with Gyraulus convexiusculus as another cluster at the value of 0.294.In summarizing the above results, three species of Korean planorbid snails employed in this study mostly showed monomorphic enzyme protein banding patterns and genetic differences specific among 3 species.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권18호
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• pp.8119-8126
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• 2016

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Due to the toxic side effects of the commonly used chemotherapeutic drug cyclophosphamide (CTX), the use of herbal medicines with fewer side effects but having potential use as inducing anti-cancer outcomes in situ has become increasingly popular. The present study sought to investigate the effects of a methanolic extract of Bauhinia tomentosa against Dalton's ascites lymphoma (DAL) induced ascites as well as solid tumors in BALB/c mice. Specifically, B. tomentosa extract was administered intraperitonealy (IP) at 10 mg/kg. BW body weight starting just after tumor cell implantation and thereafter for 10 consecutive days. In the ascites tumor model hosts, administration of extract resulted in a 52% increase in the life span. In solid tumor models, co-administration of extract and CTX significantly reduced tumor volume (relative to in untreated hosts) by 73% compared to just by 52% when the extract alone was provided. Co-administration of the extract also mitigated CTX-induced toxicity, including decreases in WBC count, and in bone marrow cellularity and ${\alpha}$-esterase activity. Extract treatment also attenuated any increases in serum levels of $TNF{\alpha}$, iNOS, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, GM-CSF, and VEGF seen in tumor-bearing hosts. This study confirmed that, the potent antitumor activity of B.tomentosa extract may be associated with immune modulatory effects by regulating anti-oxidants and cytokine levels.