• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.275-280
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• 2009

Purpose：We have investigated to analysis biomechanics for pinch strength due to elbow flexion degree. Methods：Pinch strength was measured by Electro Dynamometer(G-100) using four elbow flexion degree ($0^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, $135^{\circ}$). Results：In experimental results, we found that pinch strengths were 5.4kg($0^{\circ}$), 4.8kg($45^{\circ}$), 5.6kg($90^{\circ}$) and 5.2kg($135^{\circ}$), respectively. The Pinch strengths got maximum at $90^{\circ}$ degree, minimum at $45^{\circ}$ degree. We have calculated F1 values using $\sum$T=0. As a result F1 values were 540N($0^{\circ}$), 480N($45^{\circ}$), 560N($90^{\circ}$) and 520N($135^{\circ}$), respectively. F1 values got maximum at $90^{\circ}$ degree, minimum at $45^{\circ}$ degree. Data curve line of $F_1$ values was increased in 45~90 section and decreased in 0~45, 90~135 sections, respectively. Conclusion：$F_1$ (Flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus) values were 10 times bigger than pinch strengths. Data curve line of $F_1$ values was similar to active length-tension curve in 45~90, 90~135 sections.

• 한국마린엔지니어링학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2012년도 전기공동학술대회 논문집
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• pp.152-153
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• 2012

While engine room arranging pipe which is used from the vessel, It measured the internal flow of 90 degree elbow which is used from the main condenser. Fluid flow in elbow of 90 degree is measured by PIV and Dewetron system. The Reynolds number adopts 50000 and experimental study of flow field in the elbow.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.113-119
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to determine the difference of the pinch strength according to testing posture(standing and sitting) and elbow flexion degree($0^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$ and $135^{\circ}$). Forty normal young adults(male: 20, female: 20, mean age: $22.68{\pm}2.91$ years) participated in this study. The methods of this study were categorized as follows: 1) One set of measurement was performed on four elbow flexion degrees($0^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$ and $135^{\circ}$) in two testing postures(standing and sitting) and all subjects were measured for 3 sets testing procedures in every experimental sessions. 2) Pinch strength in various elbow flexion degree was measured after 2 min rest time, and then each test set was repeatedly performed with 5 min rest time to prevent fatigue of muscles involved in the elbow joint. The result was obtained as follow: 1) In standing posture, there was statistically significant difference at $0^{\circ}$ and $45^{\circ}$, $0^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$, $0^{\circ}$ and $135^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$ and $135^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$ and $135^{\circ}$. 2) In sitting posture, there was statistically significant difference at $0^{\circ}$ and $45^{\circ}$, $0^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$, $0^{\circ}$ and $135^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$ and $135^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$ and $135^{\circ}$. 3) Statistically, there was no significant difference between standing and sitting posture in same elbow flexion degree, however pinch strength in standing posture was higher than sitting posture.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.206-214
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• 2003

Mean flow and turbulence properties of developing turbulent flows in a 90 degree square bend with spanwise rotation were measured by a hot-wire anemometer. A slanted wire is rotated into 6 orientations and the voltage outputs from them are combined to obtain the mean velocity and Reynolds stress components. The combinative effects of the centrifugal and Coriolis forces due to the curvature and the rotation of bend on the mean motion and turbulence structures are investigated experimentally. Results show that the two body forces can either enhance or counteract each other depending on the flow direction in the bend.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.72-80
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• 2020

이 연구의 목적은 철근콘크리트 기둥에서 외부띠철근 상세로 이용되는 갈고리 양단 135도 교차 시공 상세에 대해, 대등한 구조적 성능을 확보하면서, 동시에 시공성을 개선할 목적으로 클립형 연결장치로 띠철근 갈고리 보강하는 방법을 제시하였다. 제안한 클립형 연결장치로 결속한 띠철근의 정착거동 및 강도를 파악하기 위해 콘크리트 압축강도, 클립형 연결장치의 묻힘길이, 설치 위치를 주요 변수로 28개 인발 실험체를 제작하여 실험하였다. 실험결과, 정착강도는 콘크리트 압축강도, 띠철근 직경, 클립의 묻힘길이, 설치 위치에 관계없이 클립형 연결장치로 결속하는 경우, 표준 갈고리 상세보다 모두 높게 나타났고 표준 갈고리 상세의 정착거동과 유사한 거동을 보여주었다. 그러므로, 90도 갈고리에 클립형 연결장치로 결속하는 상세는 표준 갈고리 상세와 대등한 정착거동 및 성능을 발휘할 수 있는 것으로 평가할 수 있다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.49-55
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• 1984

유도 분극법에서 지하의 경사 물체에 대한 3차원 표준곡선을 해석하였다. 이들 물체 대한 쌍극자 IP 응답은 적분 방정식을 이용한 수치계산 방법으로 구해졌다. 이때 물체의 경사각은 각각 0,20. 45,70 및 90도 이다. 물체가 수평 (경사각 0 도) 및 수직(경사각 90도)일 때는 단면도에서 대칭성 IP 패턴이 되지만, 20, 45 및 70도로 경사하고 있을 때는 최대값의 등치선이 물체의 경사 방향과 반대 방향으로 기울어져 있는 비대칭성 패턴을 나타낸다. 이중 가장 현저한 비대칭성 패턴은 20도 경사 모델에서 나타났다. 쌍극자 IP 데이터로서 70도 경사물체와 수직물체를 식별하기는 어렵다. 또한 측선이 물체의 중심에서 주향방향으로 멀어질 때의 반응은 IP anomaly가 작은 값으로 단면도에서 보다 깊은 곳에 나타나게 된다. 한편, 탐사대상물의 위치를 추정할 때 평면도는 단연도보다 유용할 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제31권2D호
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• pp.209-215
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• 2011

회전교차로는 교차로 중앙에 원형 교통섬을 두고, 교차로를 통과하는 자동차가 이 원형 교통섬을 우회하도록 하는 평면교차로의 일종이다. 국내에서는 국토해양부에서 회전교차로 설계지침을 2004년 잠정발표 하였다. 이것은 우리나라의 교통여건이 검토되지 않은 외국의 사례를 검토 소개한 것이다. 또한, 최근 국가경쟁력강화를 위해 녹색성장의 일환으로 회전교차로에 대한 관심이 집중되고 있다. 그러나 현재 기존 회전교차로 잠정지침에서는 회전교차로의 용량 및 설치 여건, 그리고 계획절차 등에 관해 기술하고 있으나, 유형별 설계요소가 개략적이고 명확하지 않아 회전교차로 설계 적용에 있어 어려움이 존재하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 국내에 설치된 많은 유형중 접근로의 모든각이 90도인 4지 회전교차로와 72도, 45도, 30도로 한군데에서 교차하는 5지 회전교차로에 대해 모의실험을 실시하였다. 1차로 회전교차로에서 내접원 직경이 커질수록 평균통행 시간이 감소하며, 5지 회전교차로의 모든 교차각에서는 시간당 교통량이 2,000대까지는 90도로 교차하는 4지 회전교차로와 비슷한 효과를 얻을 수 있는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.407-414
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of taping-tape with or without using spiral taping on vertical jump. The subjects for this study were about 20 years old healthy male college students without muscloskeletal diseases. Data for EMG activity and Ground Reaction Force(GRF) were estimated at three knee angles(i.e., 45, 90 & full degree). As a result, there was no statistical significance in max GRF at 90 and full degree regardless of spiral taping-tape. On the other hand, statistical significance was found when vertically jumping at 45 degree knee angle(p<.05). All the data for EMG activity at the three knee angles were not statistically significant, but there was a trend for a decrease in average EMG activity in elector spinae & Medial gastrocnemius at 90 degree knee angle. Based on these data, initial flexor action of knee was stabilized with spiral taping-tape when vertically jumping, resulting in improved muscular activity in Medial gastrocnemius. In conclusion, taping technique for jumping ability associated muscles like quadriceps is also required to develop.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.449-455
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• 2006

We researched the comfort degree of 8 bodily parts while high school students carry out 9 different motions common to them. We observed high school students to study active effection when they are wearing Saenghwal Hanboks as a school uniform. As a result of this study, the highest degrees of comfort were recorded at standing position, walking, and upright sitting position with one's waist keeping 90 degree. On the other hand, the lowest degrees of comfort were experienced when they bend forward 45 degree and 90 degree each, and also when arms were folded across the chest. Furthermore, students reported that their buttocks, waist, and knees were comfortable during observation period, but that their backs, shoulders, and arm hole were uncomfortable throughout. In general, girls felt more comfortable than boys did, while they were wearing Saenghwal Hanbok as a school uniform.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.38-46
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• 2003

An experimental investigation was performed to study the turbulent characteristics of swirling flow a 90$^{\circ}C$ circular tube for Re = 10,000, 15,000 and 20,000. 2D-PIV(Particle Image Velocimetry)technique was employed to measure the fluctuation velocity field. The results include spatial distributions of mean velocity vectors, turbulence intensity and turbulence kinetic energy. The axial and radial turbulence intensities, and kinetic energy profiles show double-peak structures in the inlet region of the 90 degree bend and the profiles are disappeared along the test tube with decaying the swirl intensity.