• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.29-35
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• 2017

In this paper, we present a 5W1H programming model for IT non-experienced people who are not familiar with computer programming and those who need programming education. Based on this model, we can design a development tool that can be easily programmed by beginners. This development tool is a programming method applying the 5W1H concept and constructs a sentence to satisfy the control condition of 'Who, When, Where, What, and How', which is the sentence element of 5W1H. Therefore, the user can easily develop the target system as if constructing the sentence without learning the programming language of the target system. In this paper, to verify the effectiveness of the 5W1H programming model proposed in this paper, we applied the concept of 5W1H programming to Arduino and developed the development tool and performed the first verification and applied the second verification to the speech recognition smart home development platform.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.32
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• pp.127-176
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• 2012

Metadata is well recognized as one of the foundational factors in archiving and long-term preservation of digital resources. There are several metadata standards for records management, archives and preservation, e.g. ISAD(G), EAD, AGRkMs, PREMIS, and OAIS. Consideration is important in selecting appropriate metadata standards in order to design metadata schema that meet the requirements of a particular archival system. Interoperability of metadata with other systems should be considered in schema design. In our previous research, we have presented a feature analysis of metadata standards by identifying the primary resource lifecycle stages where each standard is applied. We have clarified that any single metadata standard cannot cover the whole records lifecycle for archiving and preservation. Through this feature analysis, we analyzed the features of metadata in the whole records lifecycle, and we clarified the relationships between the metadata standards and the stages of the lifecycle. In the previous study, more detailed analysis was left for future study. This paper proposes to analyze the metadata schemas from the viewpoint of tasks performed in the lifecycle. Metadata schemas are primarily defined to describe properties of a resource in accordance with the purposes of description, e.g. finding aids, records management, preservation and so forth. In other words, the metadata standards are resource- and purpose-centric, and the resource lifecycle is not explicitly reflected in the standards. There are no systematic methods for mapping between different metadata standards in accordance with the lifecycle. This paper proposes a method for mapping between metadata standards based on the tasks contained in the resource lifecycle. We first propose a Task Model to clarify tasks applied to resources in each stage of the lifecycle. This model is created as a task-centric model to identify features of metadata standards and to create mappings among elements of those standards. It is important to categorize the elements in order to limit the semantic scope of mapping among elements and decrease the number of combinations of elements for mapping. This paper proposes to use 5W1H (Who, What, Why, When, Where, How) model to categorize the elements. 5W1H categories are generally used for describing events, e.g. news articles. As performing a task on a resource causes an event and metadata elements are used in the event, we consider that the 5W1H categories are adequate to categorize the elements. By using these categories, we determine the features of every element of metadata standards which are AGLS, AGRkMS, PREMIS, EAD, OAIS and an attribute set extracted from DPC decision flow. Then, we perform the element mapping between the standards, and find the relationships between the standards. In this study, we defined a set of terms for each of 5W1H categories, which typically appear in the definition of an element, and used those terms to categorize the elements. For example, if the definition of an element includes the terms such as person and organization that mean a subject which contribute to create, modify a resource the element is categorized into the Who category. A single element can be categorized into one or more 5W1H categories. Thus, we categorized every element of the metadata standards using the 5W1H model, and then, we carried out mapping among the elements in each category. We conclude that the Task Model provides a new viewpoint for metadata schemas and is useful to help us understand the features of metadata standards for records management and archives. The 5W1H model, which is defined based on the Task Model, provides us a core set of categories to semantically classify metadata elements from the viewpoint of an event caused by a task.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.81-88
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• 2014

Noise-barriers on both sides of the roadway (hereafter referred to as double noise-barriers), are a common feature along roads in Korea, and these are expected to have important effects on the near-road air pollution dispersion of vehicle emissions. This study evaluated the double noise-barrier impact on near-road air pollution dispersion, using a FLUENT computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. The realizable k-${\varepsilon}$ model in FLUENT CFD code was used to simulate vehicle air pollutant dispersion, in around 11 cases of double noise-barriers. The simulated concentration profiles and surface concentrations under no barrier cases were compared with the experimental results. The results of the simulated flows show the following three regimes in this study: isolated roughness (H/W=0.05), wake interface (H/W=0.1), and skimming flow (H/W>0.15). The results also show that the normalized average concentrations at surface (z=1 m) between the barriers increase with increasing double noise-barrier height; however, normalized average concentrations at the top position between the barriers decrease with increasing barrier height. It was found that the double noise-barrier decreases normalized average concentrations of leeward positions, ranging from 0.8 (H/W=0.1, wake interface) to 0.1 (H/W=0.5, skimming flow) times lower than that of the no barrier case, at 10 x/h downwind position; and ranging from 1.0 (H/W=0.1) to 0.4 (H/W=0.5) times lower than that of the no barrier case, at 60 x/h downwind position.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Environmental Technology
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.528-535
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• 2018

In this study, the effect of obstacle aspect ratio on vortex in building canyon was numerically investigated using a computational fluid dynamics(CFD) model. The sensitivity experiments were performed in the cases of increasing building length(L) and height(H) by the width(W) of building canyon. The wind vector fields and secondary reverse vortex in building canyon were discussed in this study. For the horizontal vortex, the vortex zone increased as the building length increases, but the vectors at the middle of building canyon began to change in the case of L/W=2.5. In the case of L/W=3.0, the smaller primary vortex was presented with the secondary reverse vortex. For the vertical vortex, the vortex zone increased as the building height increases, but the direction of vectors at the bottom of building canyon began to change in the case of H/W=2.5. In the case of H/W=3.5, the smaller primary vortex was presented with the secondary reverse vortex.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.187-195
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• 2009

Recently, with the development of ubiquitous computing, the study and development about context awareness models is required for the application of ubiquitous environment. This paper presents the design and implementation of a matrix based context awareness model for vehicle environment. The matrix construction method using 5W1H and CAM (Context Awareness Model) expression is proposed for context awareness modeling. The system with the proposed model is implemented by Zigbee modules for the recognition of individual identification and position and a navigator for current spatial and temporal information of GPS. The result of experiments shows that the proposed model is available.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.36-49
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• 1987

A planar waveguide model is presented for calculating dispersion characteristics of the normalized phase velocity and characteristic impedance with the frequency dependent effective dielectric constand and effective width in microstrip lines of the hybrid mode. Eeff(f) and Weff(f) are applied to a planar waveguide model by using an empirical relations and formula designed for CAD purposes as a function of frequency. A wide range of relative dielectric constants and the strip $h_{width}$strate height(W/h ratios), $0.5$\leq$W/h\leq2.5$ are used. These results are compared with static value, spectral domain analysis, and empirical results. As the result of a computer simulation, in the case of using a planar waveguide model, the frequency dependent normalized phase velocity is more closely approached to 1/ and characteristic impedance is more increased than the other method that has already been presented as the increasing of the frequency. And, the case of applying Eeff(f) designed for the purpose of CAD to this proposed model is show in better result than the case of using a empirical relations.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.403-414
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• 2023

This study aimed to determine the anti-obesity effect of adding Wolfiporia extensa Ginns (W) to fermented pollack skin products in an obesity-induced animal model. The experimental groups were the normal diet group (C), high-fat diet group (HF), dried pollack skin (H1), fermented pollack skin (H2), and W of 0.1 (F2-WL), 0.3 (F2-WM), and 0.5 (F2), respectively. It was confirmed that adding W to fermented pollack skin reduced blood triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL levels, while increasing HDL levels. Wolfiporia extensa Ginns was effective in controlling weight and improving blood lipids in a dose-dependent manner. In histological analysis, findings of fatty liver induced by a high-fat diet were improved by the addition of H2 and W. Size and density of fat globules in the epididymis were decreased. In addition, the concentration of TNF-α was increased in the high-fat diet group, but decreased by the addition of fermented pollack skin and W. In conclusion, adding fermented dried pollack skin and Wolfiporia extensa Ginns was effective for weight control and blood lipid improvement. Thus, the use of by-products in functional foods is expected to have a high value in the future.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 1998

This study was carried out to develop the regression model for estimating biomass of natural Pinus densiflora forests by stand density in northeast Chinese area of Mt. Paekdu. Four allometric regression models(W=aD$^b$, W=a(D$^2$H)$^b$. logW=a+b$\cdot$ logD+cD and logW=a+b$\cdot$log(D$^2$H)+c(D$^2$H)) were used to estimate biomass for each of the tree components. The suitable regression model for estimating biomass of stem, bark and whole tree above ground was logW=a+b$\cdot$log(D$^2$H)+c(D$^2$H), and that for biomass of branch, needle and needle area, logW=a+b$\cdot$logD+cD for all of the stand density classes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2017.01a
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• pp.123-124
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 컴퓨터 프로그래밍을 접해보지 않은 IT비전공자를 위한 5W1H 6하 원칙 개발도구를 제시하며, 이하 '5W1H 프로그래밍 모델'이라 칭한다. 이 개발도구는 육하원칙 개념을 적용하여 사용자가 프로그래밍 언어를 배워 코드를 작성할 필요 없이 '누가, 언제, 어디서, 무엇을, 어떻게'의 6하 원칙적인 행동양식으로 간단한 선택만을 통해 간단하게 프로그램 로직을 작성하여 대상 시스템을 동작시키는 네이티브 코드로 변환해줌으로서 프로그래밍 언어를 배우지 않은 사용자들도 시스템 개발을 할 수 있게 된다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 개념은 대부분에 시스템에 적용할 수 있으며 본 논문에서는 아두이노 스케치의 슈퍼루프에 적용하여 실험하였다.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.175-196
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• 2012

Compared to the wide spread of convergence in government and industries there are still lack of theoretical foundation and effective methodologies to successfully implement it. Especially, there are few remarkable results on the ideal types of convergence business model (BM) in both domestic and foreign researchers. In this paper we show theoretical types, strategic alternatives, and design steps of convergence BM could be developed based on '4WH1H model' which is a conceptual framework of a BM. 4W1H model includes 5 constituents of a BM, i. e., customer value, value proposition, operation, target market, and supply capability. We derive 5 theoretical types of convergence BMs depending on the focus of innovation, i.e., value, product, operation, market, and capability. After defining the constituents and types (i.e., structural aspects) of convergence BM, we also show a BM could be linked with business strategy by defining the interaction among 5 constituents (i.e., behavioral aspects) of convergence BM.