• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.447-465
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze longitudinal trends of students' mathematical affective domain by use of the data mining method. For this purpose, we used the Korea education longitudinal study(KELS 2005) which was the survey data for students' achievement test, affective domain test, teachers' evaluation, and parents' evaluation from $7^{th}$ grader in the year of 2005 to $11^{th}$ grader in the year of 2010. Subjects of this study is a total of 5040 students who answered to the mathematical affective domain survey in KELS 2005. The result findings are as follows. First, students' affective domain had changed negatively as they went up to higher grade. Second, if students' affective domain had built at a certain level in $7^{th}$ grade, the level did not change easily until $11^{th}$ grade. Third, major factors of students' affective domain were shown to be self-efficacy, intrinsic motivation, efforts and patient, and time management.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.451-464
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• 2010

This study examined the perception of teachers and students on the practice of elementary science class. For this study, an examination tool was made by extracting characteristics of good science class through precedent study investigation and revising it in a questionnaire form of a Likert scale, and conducted to 194 elementary teachers and 320 elementary students. As a result of the study, teachers generally perceived science class positively and teachers with career more than 6 years thought it more positively than them with career less than 5 years. Consequently students have a substantially positive perception level about the practice of the elementary science class, and students of 3th and 4th grade perceived science class positively than 5th and 6th grade in all domains. Finally when analyzing perception difference between teachers and students about the practice of the elementary science class, it appeared that students perceived science class more positively than teachers in most questions.

• 아동학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.111-127
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• 2015

This study was conducted in order to model the relationship between children's ego strength and their school adjustment and life satisfaction levels. For this purpose, 4,765 4th-6th grade elementary school children were surveyed by means of a questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by means of structural equation modeling. The results of this study may be summarized as follows. First, in all the grades, a significant and positive correlation was observed between the children's ego strength and their school adjustment and life satisfaction levels. Second, ego strength was found to be a variable that had a significant effect on life satisfaction indirectly through the medium of school adjustment. Third, the relation model between the variables differed according to grade. That is, the direct effect of ego strength on life satisfaction was stronger in the high grades, and the level of school relationship adjustment was found to have a significant effect on family relationship satisfaction as a factor of life satisfaction in 4th graders, whereas it did not in the case of 5th and 6th graders.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.51-62
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• 2017

Since living environment has improved, waterfront space using and clear water demand have increased. Ministry of Environment (ME) designated polluted reservoir (worse than 4th grade) as a priority management reservoir to improve water quality (better than 3rd grade) accordingly. Minstry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) aims reservoir water quality 4th not 3rd grade. And water quality of agricultural reservoirs was not a great interest. For this reason, there are very few water quality monitoring data. However after designating as a priority management reservoir, reservoir manager should start water quality and flow monitoring of reservoirs and inflow streams. This process makes it possible setting complex model to accurate prediction of reservoir water quality and volume. Mulwang reservoir designated as a priority management reservoir in September 2014. In this study, BASINS/WinHSPF and EFDC-WASP were used to predict effect of water quality improvement countermeasures in Mulwang reservoir. To improve water quality of Mulwang reservoir, Siheung-si and Korea Rural Community Corporation (KRCC) established water quality improvement countermeasures. However result of simulation adapting these countermeasures cannot achieve 3rd grade. So 4 additional scenarios were adapted and the result satisfied 3rd grade. This study could help to establish water quality improvement countermeasure by using complex modeling.

• 한국초등수학교육학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.263-285
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• 2010

이 연구는 초등학교 4학년 수학 영재학생들에게, <다양한 계산식 만들기> 문제, 즉, 4 4 4 4 =에서 ＋, －, ${\times}$, $\div$, ( )를 사용하여 0부터 10까지의 수가 되는 계산식을 만들도록 요구하고, 이에 대해 학생이 만든 식을 분석하였다. 2007년도에 초등학교 5학년 수학 영재학생을 대상으로 조사한 결과, 다양하고 많은 창조적인 계산식을 만들 수 있음을 발견하고, 이번에는 4학년 수학 영재학생을 대상으로 조사 분석하였다. 4학년 수학 영재학생도 다양한 계산식을 많이 만들 수 있음을 확인하였다. 학생들이 많이 만든 식의 개수는 0, 1, 8, 4가 되는 식의 순이었고, 응답이 저조한 것은 10, 6, 5, 9가 되는 식의 순으로 나타났다. 학생들의 오답은 계산 순서나 괄호의 유무에 기인한 것이 많았다. 이러한 실천적인 연구를 통하여, 초등학교 수학 영재학생들의 학습 지도와 평가 방법 및 교재 개발 등의 기초 자료를 집적할 수 있으며, 이는 초등 수학 영재 및 학교의 일반 수학 교육에의 적용과 발전에 도움이 될 수 있다고 생각한다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.452-458
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• 1995

Science textbooks are very important materials in order to know elementary science learning in Japan and Korea. In this research the 5th grade science textbooks in Japan and Korea are analyzed by an analyzing category. The analyzing category is consisted of knowledge and scientific inquiry. Knowledge is divided by fact, concept, and rule. Scientific inquiry is divided by problem cognition, variable control, experiment planning, observing, measuring, categorizing, inferring, data transformation, predicting, correlation, cause and effect, result, communication, which are 13 subcategories. Analyzing methods are counting the frequency of each subcategory and tabulating the data. The results of this study are: 1. The frequency of scientific inquiry appeared in Korean 5th grade science textbooks is three times more than that in Japanese textbooks. 2. In scientific inquiry category, Japanese science textbooks emphasized observing, predicting, measuring and problem cognition; Korean science textbooks emphasized experiment planning, observing and problem cognition. 3. In knowledge category, fact subcategory is mostly emphasized in both countries.

• 아동학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.37-54
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• 2007

Variables studied in relation to children's school adjustment were child's sex, grade, and ego-resilience maternal employment, parents' age, parents' academic background, mother's emotional expressiveness, and monthly household income and perception of social support. Subjects were 548 4th, 5th and 6th grade students and their mothers. Results showed that children's school adjustment varied by child's grade in school and ego-resilience, parents' age, father's academic background, mother's emotional expressiveness and monthly household income. Children with higher ego-resilience, whose mothers showed more positive emotional expressiveness and who perceived more social support from peers, family, and teachers showed higher adjustment to school life. Among these, support of peers was the most significant variable.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.164-173
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• 2002

The vision disturbances of school-age children has been recognized as and important school health problem. The purpose of this study is to describe the current status of the visual health and to explore the related factors for the decrease in visual acuity in the elementary school age children. The study subjects were 697 children (Boys: 338, Girls: 359) of 4th to 6th grade in two school in urban area. The visual acuity data of the school health examination in 1999 and 2000 were utilized for analysis. The questionnaire for children and parents was used for survey. The findings were as follows. 1. The prevalance rate of the children with the visual acuity less than 0.7 on the left eye were 26.84％ ( Grade 4), 31.30％ (Grade 5), and 38.39％ (Grade 6). The rate on the right eye were 28.31％ (Grade4), 30.37％ (Grade 5), and 37.92％ (Grade 6). There was a significant difference in the rate of the visual acuity less than 0.7 according to grade (p<.01). 2.The rate of visual acuity decrease was 40.12％. 3. The factors related to the decrease in the visual acuity were grade, sex, genetic factor, posture, and the awareness of the visual acuity. There was more decrease in the visual acuity when the children were in higher grade (O.R= 1.06), girls (O.R=2.29). Children having parents with better vision (Father: O.R=1.26; Mother O.R= 1.25) showed better vision. On the other hand, when the children have siblings with glasses, there was more decrease in the visual acuity (O.R=2.31). Students with good posture during study (sitting on the chair) and watching TV to the lower direction showed less decrease in the visual acuity. Also, when the students know their visual acuity, the rate of decrease were lower. The variables which odds ratio were statistically significant were sex (p<.01), siblings with glasses (p <.01), and awareness of visual acuity (p<.01).

• 아동학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.133-148
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• 2017

Objective: This study focused on the stability and reciprocal effects between abuse and neglect by parents and adolescent depression and delinquency. We examined both parent and child effects by adopting the transactional model proposed by Sameroff (2009). Methods: Using autoregressive cross-lagged modeling, data from the $2^{nd}$ to the $4^{th}$ wave of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Study (KCYPS) were analyzed. The sample consisted of 1,982 adolescents who were $8^{th}$ graders in 2011. Data were collected at three different phases: when participants were in $8^{th}$ grade (T1), $9^{th}$ grade (T2) and $10^{th}$ grade (T3). Results: First, the effects of abuse and neglect by parents and adolescent depression and delinquency showed stability from the $8^{th}$ to the $10^{th}$ grade. Second, abuse at T1 and T2 had effects on adolescent delinquency at T2 and T3, respectively, but not on adolescent depression. In terms of child effects, abuse was influenced by adolescent depression only. Adolescent depression and delinquency had no reciprocal effects. Finally, there were reciprocal effects between neglect on one hand and adolescent depression and delinquency on the other. That is, there were child effects as well as parent effects. No significant effects were found in the reciprocal relations between adolescent depression and delinquency. Conclusion: The present study found the stability of abuse and neglect by parents and adolescent depression and delinquency. Furthermore, this study identified the child effects as well as parent effects, thus supporting the transactional model of neglect by parents and adolescent depression and delinquency.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.28-35
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• 1989

The purpose of this study is to identify the status of menstruation of elementary schoolgirls. The date was collected from 20th May to 3rd June, 1989. The survey was conducted by using prepared questionair and 859 6th grade schoolgirls in 7 public elementary schools in Seoul were sampled for this study. The results of study are summerized as follows. 1. 13.9 percent of the school girls have experienced menarche. 0.7 percent of them began in 4th grade, 5.8 percent began in 5th grade and 7.0 percent of them began In 6th grade. 2. Among them 90.8 percent had knowledge of menstruation before menarche.43.7 percent of the respondents learned it through their mothers and 27.8 percent learned it through teachers. 3. About the menstruation, the girls who think it as a physiological phenomena as a woman showed 52.9 percent and 14.3 percent of them thought it was trouble some but, being a woman, regarded it as a inevitable thing. The repondents who think menstruation is tiresome and want not to have it were 31.9 percent. 4. At menarche 20.2 percent of the girls managed it by themselves, 72 percent disposed of it by asking someone and 2.5 percent of them managed it by their family members when the sign was detected. 5. During the menstruation 72.3 percent of the samples had some symptom and the most common symptom was abdominal pain(84.9 percent). 6. In menarche only 16.8 percent of the girls had positive response. 7. In their present menstruation 35.3 percent of them had positive response on it.