• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2013년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.1012-1014
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• 2013

DNA-DNA hybridization method with four oligonucleotide-specific probes was used simultaneously for differentiation and identification of four Mycobacterium species (Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. avium, M. intracellulare, and M. kansasii). This DNA-DNA hybridization method with 4 oligonucleotide-specific probes, which targets in the rpoB region of 4 Mycobacteria species, respectively, was tested on 322 clinical isolates. Using DNA-DNA hybridization method, we detected M. tuberculosis (282 strains), M. avim (7 strains), M. intracellulare (9 strains), and M. kansasii (3 strain) from 322 clinical isolates. This result was compared with conventional biochemical test and rpoB DNA sequence analysis of this clinical isolates. We confirmed identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. avium, M. intracellulare, and M. kansasii with high sensitivity (100 %) and specificity (100 %). This DNA-DNA hybridization method could be performed within 4 hours at least. Therefore, we suggest that DNA- DNA hybridization method using 4 rpoB DNA probes of Mycobacteria could be used for accurate, rapid, convenient detection and identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. avium, M. intracellulare, and M. kansasii in clinical samples.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.419-425
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• 2009

최근에 저토피 및 터널 갱구부에 반개착식 공법을 적용하여 구조적인 안전성과 자연친화성을 높인 사례가 증가하고 있다. 반개착식 공법은 저토피구판에시 원지반을 터널 천단아치에 해당하는 기초까지만 굴착하고 아치형 구조달을 설치하여 복토한 후에 터널하반을 굴착하여 기존 개착공법에서 발생되는 지반 과다절취에 따른 대절토 비탈면 발생과 굴착면 보강에 따른 고비용과 불안정성 증대 문제를 해결할 수 있는 공법이다. 본 논문에서는 저토피 구간에서 반개착식으로 굴착한 Braced Rib Arch의 거동에 대하여 연구하였다. 아치형구조물의 Rib Arch는 지간이 1.8 m인 아치형 강재를 간격재는 목재를 사용하였으며 1:10의 축척으로 4.0 m(폭)$\times$3.3 m(높이)$\times$4.0 m(연장)의 크기를 가진 대형토조에서 실험을 수행하였다. 모형실험결과 아치형 구조물에 작용하는 성토하중은 기존 개착터널에서 사용하는 하부구조물의 폭에 해당하는 상부토체의 크기보다 작은 것으로 나타났다.

• 분석과학
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.180-190
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• 2021

This study compared the efficacy of chiral GC and chiral HPLC for the analysis of nicotine. To develop a suitable dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) method, the following parameters were optimized: pH, extraction solvent, dispersive solvent, type and quantity of salt, and laboratory temperature. The validation of the method was carried out by the established HPLC method. The LODs were 0.11 ㎍/mL and 0.17 ㎍/mL for the (S)- and (R)- enantiomers, respectively. The LOQs were 0.30 ㎍/mL and 0.44 ㎍/mL, respectively. The optimal calibration range was between 0.30-18 ㎍/mL and 0.44-4.40 ㎍/mL, respectively, and the correlation coefficient (r²) was 0.9978-0.9996. The intra-day accuracy was 79.9-110.6 %, and the intra-day precision was 1.3-12.0 %. The inter-day accuracy was 87.8-108.0 %, and the inter-day precision was 4.0-12.8 %. E-liquid and biological fluids (urine and saliva) were analyzed using the established method.

• 생약학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.51-56
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• 1995

To devise an in vitro screening method for antihepatotoxic activity, $CCl_4-induced$ cytotoxicities in primary cultures rat hepatocytes were examined. When rat hepatocytes were intoxicated with 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5 mM $CCl_4$ for 1.5, 3 or 19hr, in order of LDH>GOT>GPT release form hepatocytes was increased in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with 1.5 mM $CCl_4$ for 1.5 hr showed maximum increase in activity of LDH, GOT or GPT released in the medium compared with the control. At this experimental condition, well known antihepatotoxic substances, glycyrrhizin and silybin markedly inhibited $CCl_4-induced$ cytotoxicities. These results demonstrated that the screening method using $CCl_4-induced$ injury in primary cultured rat hepatocytes might be suitable in vitro assay for antihepatotoxic activity.

• 분석과학
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.180-190
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• 2023

The presence of process related impurities in any drug or the drug product was associated with its safety, stability and efficacy. The overall literature survey proved that there is no method published on the assessment of process related impurities in brigatinib. In this study, a simple, reliable and stable HPLC qualitative method was reported for quantification of process related impurities with easy and quick extraction procedure. The impurities along with standard brigatinib was resolved on Lichrospher^® C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm; 5 ㎛ particle size) column in room temperature using methanol, acetonitrile, pH 4.5 phosphate buffer in 55:25:20 (v/v) at 1.0 mL/min as mobile phase and UV detection at 261 nm. The method produces well resolved peaks at retention time of 4.60 min, 12.28 min, 3.37 min, 7.34 min and 8.39 min respectively for brigatinib, impurity A, B, C and D. The method produces a very sensitive detection limit of 0.0065 ㎍/mL, 0.0068 ㎍/mL, 0.0053 ㎍/mL and 0.0058 ㎍/mL for impurity A, B, C and D respectively with calibration curve linear in the concentration range of 22.5-135 ㎍/mL for brigatinib and 0.0225-0.135 ㎍/mL for impurities. The method produces all the validation parameters under the acceptable level and doesn't produces any considerable changes in peak area response while minor changes in the developed method conditions. The method can effectively resolve the unknown stress degradation products along with known impurities with less % degradation. The method can efficiently resolve and quantify the impurities in formulation and hence can suitable for the routine quality analysis of brigatinib in raw material and formulation.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.295-300
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• 2010

Metathetic route for the $MWO_4$ (M=Zn, Co) particles is a simple method of synthesis and a viable alternative method in a short time. $MWO_4$ (M=Zn, Co) particles were synthesized using solid-state metathetic (SSM) method with microwave irradiation. The $MWO_4$ (M=Zn, Co) particles were formed completely at $600^{\circ}C$ for 3 h. The crystallization process, thermal decomposition and morphology of the $MWO_4$(M= Zn, Co) particles were evaluated. The characteristics of the SSM reaction and the formation of a high lattice energy by-product NaCl were discussed.

• 대한지하수환경학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.213-217
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• 1999

하천제방은 하천 수리 구조물 중 가장 중요한 구조물중의 하나이다. 하천제방의 붕괴는 재해발생의 직접적인 원인이 되기 때문에 하천제방의 내구성. 안정성은 중요한 요소이다. 제방붕괴의 원인은 홍수범람과 제방 누수를 둘 수 있다. 본 연구는 전기 비저항 탐사를 이용하여 제방누수를 탐사하고. 또 제방의 누수가 발생하였을 경우 weighted residual method를 이용하여 제방 누수량을 평가하였다. 본 연구의 대상유역은 섬진강 상류유역이며. 대상제방의 제원은 길이 300 m. 소단 2.0 m. 제방 폭 4.5 m. 높이 4 m 이다. 본 연구에서는 대상제방에서 전기 비저항 탐사를 이용하여 제방의 누수여부를 평가하였다. 그리고 누수가 발생하는 지점에서 weighted residual method를 이용하여 제방 누수량을 평가하였다. 그 결과 해당제방의 누수는 39~45 m. 80~90 m, 218~222 m. 214~250 m 지점에서 발생하였으며, 누수형상은 직사각형 및 다각형 등의 형상을 보였다. 그리고 이들 누수지점에서 누수량은 2.7$\times$$10^{-3}$ $\textrm{m}^3$/sec로 평가되었다.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 2003년도 ISIS 2003
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• pp.579-582
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose a 4-step inference method needed for constructing a natural language communication system. The method is used to obtain fuzzy quantifier Q′when QA is Fisr τ⇔ Q′(m′A) is mF is m"is τ is inferred (Q, Q′: quantifiers, A: fuzzy subject, m′, m": modifiers, y: fuzzy predicate, τ: truth qualifier). We show that Q′is resolved step by step for two types of Q, including a non-increasing type (few,...) and a non-decreasing type(most,...).

• 실내환경 및 냄새 학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.362-371
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• 2018

Indoor Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are classified as known or possible toxicants and odorants. This study characterized VOC levels in 11 homes in an area in the capital of Seoul by using two different methods of VOCs sampling, which are the active sampling using a thermal sorption tube and the passive sampling using a diffusion sampler. When using the active sampling method, the total target VOC concentration ranged from 41.7 to $420.7{\mu}g/m^3$ (mean $230.4{\mu}g/m^3$ ; median $221.8{\mu}g/m^3$) during winter and 21.3 to $1,431.9{\mu}g/m^3$ (mean $340.1{\mu}g/m^3$; median $175.4{\mu}g/m^3$) during summer. When using the passive method, 29.6 to $257.5{\mu}g/m^3$ (mean $81.8{\mu}g/m^3$; median $49.4{\mu}g/m^3$) during winter and 1.2 to $5,131.1{\mu}g/m^3$ (mean $1,758.8{\mu}g/m^3$; median $1,375.1{\mu}g/m^3$) during summer. Forty-nine VOCs were quantified and toluene showed the highest concentration regardless of the season and the sampling method studied. The distribution of VOCs was relatively varied by using the active method. However, it showed a low correlation with indoor environmental factors such as room temperature, humidity and ventilation time. The correlation between indoor environmental factors and VOCs were relatively high in the passive method. In particular, these characteristics were confirmed by principal component analysis.

• 생태와환경
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.393-399
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• 2016

국내 주요 상수원지 (영천호, 안계호, 가창호)에서 분리한 6종의 Microcystis (M. aeruginosa, M. ichthyoblabe, M. flos-aquae, M. novacekii, M. viridis 및 M. wesenbergii)를 대상으로 microcystin 생성유전자(mcy gene) 함유률 및 생성률을 조사하였다. 조사 결과에서 M. aeruginosa는 80%(55개 균주)가 mcy gene을 함유하고 있었으며, 그 다음으로 M. ichthyoblabe는 45% (10개 균주)의 함유율을 나타내었다. 그 외에 M. flos-aquae와 M. wesenbergii는 각각 11%(4개 균주)와 33% (1개 균주)가 microcystin 생성유전자를 포함하였다. 6종의 Microcystis에서 mcy gene의 함유율은 실제 microcystin 생성율과 거의 일치하였다. 특히, 가장 많은 균주에서 mcy gene이 확인된 M. aeruginosa는 대부분 균주들(75%)이 실제로 microcystin을 생성하는 것으로 조사되었다.