• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.83-92
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• 2007

In this paper, we present a design and implementation of three dimensional pointing device using Inertial Navigation System(INS) that acquires coordinates and location information without environmental dependancy. The INS measures coordinates based on the data from gyroscope and accelerometer and corrects the measured data from accelerometer using Kalman-Filter. In order to implement the idea of three dimensional pointing device, we choose a three dimensional Space-recognition mouse and use RFIC wireless communication to send a measured data to receiver for printing out the coordinate on display equipment. Based on INS and Kalman-Filter theoretical knowledge, we design and implement a three dimensional pointing device and verified the usability as an input device that can capture a human's move. also, we describe the applicability of this device in ubiquitous computing environment.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.35-44
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• 2014

This paper proposes a 3D pointing interface that is designed for the efficient application of a hand mouse. The proposed method uses depth images to secure high-quality results even in response to changes in lighting and environmental conditions and uses the normal vector of the palm of the hand to perform 3D pointing. First, the hand region is detected and tracked using the existing conventional method; based on the information thus obtained, the region of the palm is predicted and the region of interest is obtained. Once the region of interest has been identified, this region is approximated by the plane equation and the normal vector is extracted. Next, to ensure stable control, interpolation is performed using the extracted normal vector and the intersection point is detected. For stability and efficiency, the dynamic weight using the sigmoid function is applied to the above detected intersection point, and finally, this is converted into the 2D coordinate system. This paper explains the methods of detecting the region of interest and the direction vector and proposes a method of interpolating and applying the dynamic weight in order to stabilize control. Lastly, qualitative and quantitative analyses are performed on the proposed 3D pointing method to verify its ability to deliver stable control.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.138-146
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose a new 3D PUI(Physical User Interface) system in which the index fingertip points and moves a mouse position on a given monitor screen. There are two 3D PUI schemes to control smart devices like smart TVs remotely, the relative pointing one and the absolute pointing one. The former has a problem in that it does not match the human perception process, and the latter requires excessive movement of the body. We combined the relative one and the absolute one, and develop a new intuitive and user-friendly pointing method, 3D PUI. It requires an establishment of a pyramid shape visible area (view volume) to point a mouse position on a screen with the dominant eye. In order to maintain the real-time view volume, however, it requires large computation depending on the movement of the dominant eye. We optimized the computation of the view volume in which it determines the internal and external position on the screen. In addition, Kalman filter is applied with tracing of the mouse pointer position to stabilize the trembling of the pointer and offers the user ease of use.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.67-80
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose a new pointing device that is replaced a mouse as the pointing device with. For reducing the existing pointing device's problem which had marker and high-cost, we develop a new pointing device using computer vision like as a similar human vision system. The proposed system first carries out a real-time movement tracking system using image data which are segmented by color modeling, and finally does the pointing action by 3-D coordinate calculated from stereo geometry information resulting from stereo matching of the segmented region.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.205-209
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• 2001

3D 가상판정에서의 네비게이션 기법은 공간에 대한 참여자의 몰입감과 사실감에 결정적인 영향을 미치는 매우 중요한 요소이다. 네비게이션 분야에 대한 기존의 연구는 주로 강력한 하드웨어를 기반으로 하는 몰입형 가상현실 분야 위주로 진행되어 왔다. 최근에는 인터넷을 기반으로 하는 비 몰입형 가상환경 분야에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있으나 참여자가 인지하는 3D-2D간의 공간적 불일치 문제를 해결해야 하는 어려움을 가지고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 비 몰입형 가상환경에서 참여자의 3D 공간에 대한 인지적인 문제를 해결해 굴 수 있는 네비게이션 기법으로서, 포인팅에 기반 한 3D-2D간의 매핑, 이동 방향이나 목표지점을 제시하는 시각 피드백, 이동 중 참여자 시점 동시변경 기능들을 제안한다 제안된 기법은 3D 가상환경에서 일반 참여자의 네비게이션을 매우 효과적으로 지원할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.1481-1487
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• 2008

In this paper, we propose a novel interactive 3D floating image pointing device for the use of 3D environment. The proposed system consists of the 3D floating image generation system by use of a floating lens array and the a user interface based on real-time finger detection. In the proposed system, a user selects single image among the floating images so that the interaction function are performed effectively by pressing the button event through the finger recognition using two cameras. To show the usefulness of the proposed system, we carry out the experiment and the preliminary results are presented.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.20 no.4 s.94
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• pp.16-28
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• 2005

최근 컴퓨터비전 기술을 이용하는 새로운 패러다임의 마커프리 모션캡처 기술이 미국의 MIT, CMU, MS, 일본의 ATR, MERL, 영국의 Oxford 대학 등에서 개발되고 있다. 마커프리 모션캡처는 연기자의 몸에 마커나 센서를 부착하지 않으며 특별한 조명이 필요 없으므로, 애니메이션 제작뿐만 아니라 일반인을 대상으로 하는 동작 인터페이스분야로의 확대 적용이 가능한 모션캡처 방식이다. ETRI에서는 여러 응용 분야에 모션인터페이스로 활용할 수 있는 환경 변화에 강인한 마커프리 모션캡처 시스템을 개발하고 있다. 몸에 마커나 센서를 부착하지 않은 자유 복장 상태의 동작자에 대해 조명 조건 변화 및 배경 변화에 강건하게 실시간 모션캡처 할 수 있는 기술 개발을 목표로 한다. 본 연구 개발이 성공한다면, 2007년에 876억 달러 규모로 확대될 전망인 영화, 방송물, 게임 등을 포함한 세계 영상 콘텐츠 시장에서 핵심 요소 기술 역할을 할 것이다. 그리고, 차세대 3D OS에서는 직관적 3D 포인팅 수단으로 활용될 수 있을 것이며, 2004년에 18,600만 대가 출고된 PC 시장을 고려하면 폭발적 수요가 예측된다.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.314-318
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• 2008

This paper is about an authoring interface for augmented/mixed reality based book, specifically authoring 3D objects properties of Digilog book. We pursue even normal users with non-professional knowledge for programming can make the Digilog book easily. An authoring interface 3D object properties includes a manipulator as an input device and 3D contents authoring parts. As an interface design metaphor, existing GUI interface, already familiar to computer users, are referenced. The manipulator generates continuous/discrete input signal are necessary for authoring interface. Contents authoring part performs selection, positioning, scaling, coloring, copy of virtual objects using the input signal of the manipulator. Also users can exploit already existing GUI interface metaphor including pointing, click, drag and drop, and copy techniques with the manipulator. Therefore we think our AR authoring system can support rapid and intuitive modification of properties of virtual objects.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.87-93
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• 2011

This paper proposes a method for extraction of the gaze point on display using EOG(Electrooculography) signal. Based on the linear property of EOG signal, the proposed method corrects scaling difference, rotation difference and origin difference between coordinate of using EOG signal and coordinate on display, without adjustment using the head movement. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated by measuring the difference between extracted gaze point and displayed circle point on the monitor with 1680*1050 resolution. Experimental results show that the average distance errors at the gaze points are 3%(56pixel) on x-axis, 4%(47pixel) on y-axis, respectively. This method can be used to human computer interface of pointing device for general paralysis patients or HCI for VR game application.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.1006-1014
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• 2000

Hemisphere type Luneberg lens antenna with a reflector(frequency : 9.375 GHz, -3 dB beam width 6$^{\circ}$, diameter 30.3 cm(about 10 A), which is miniaturized and lightweightized by attaching a reflector on a section of half the Luneberg lens antenna, is designed and fabricated on the basis of Luneberg lens antenna from which easy beam pointing is acquired only by movement of 1st radiator. Measurement shows -3dB beamwidth is 6.1$^{\circ}$ in case of E-plane and 5.5$^{\circ}$ in case of H-plane. These are good agreements with expected value. Gain of this antenna is 26dBi(Aperture efficiency for uniform distribution : $\pi$ = 44.97%) which is greater than that of 1st radiator(Rectangular microstrip antenna) by 20.4 dB. And, after calculating the approximated pattern of the 1st radiator, far-field pattern, whose source is the second aperture source farmed from the approximated pattern of the 1st radiator is computed. Comparing this far-field pattern with the expected pattern, a (relatively) good agreement is observed. Circular polarization Luneberg lens antenna is also manufactured by making 1st radiator so that it has the characteristics of LHCP and RHCP radiation. The results are as followings : -3 dB beamwidth 5.8$^{\circ}$ , side lobe level -15.3 dB, isolation between LHCP and RHCP radiation 2543, axial ratio 2 dB bandwidth about 1.4 GHz(14.9%).