• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.175-202
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• 2016

Ultrasound imaging is a widely used tool for visualizing human body's internal organs and quantifying clinical parameters. Due to its advantages such as safety, non-invasiveness, portability, low cost and real-time 2D/3D imaging, diagnostic ultrasound industry has steadily grown. Since the technology advancements such as digital beam-forming, Doppler ultrasound, real-time 3D imaging and automated diagnosis techniques, there are still a lot of demands for image quality improvement, faster and accurate imaging, 3D color Doppler imaging and advanced functional imaging modes. In order to satisfy those demands, mathematics should be used properly and effectively in ultrasound imaging. Mathematics has been used commonly as mathematical modelling, numerical solutions and visualization, combined with science and engineering. In this article, we describe a brief history of ultrasound imaging, its basic principle, its applications in obstetrics/gynecology, cardiology and radiology, domestic-industrial products, contributions of mathematics and challenging issues in ultrasound imaging.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.132-138
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• 2015

Enlarging the horizontal viewing angle is an important feature of integral imaging monitors. Thus far, the horizontal viewing angle has been enlarged in different ways, such as by changing the size of the elemental images or by tilting the lens array in the capture and reconstruction stages. However, these methods are limited by the microlenses used in the capture stage and by the fact that the images obtained cannot be easily projected into different displays. In this study, we upgrade our previously reported method, called SPOC 2.0. In particular, our new approach, which can be called SPOC 2.1, enlarges the viewing angle by increasing the density of the elemental images in the horizontal direction and by an appropriate application of our transformation and reshape algorithm. To illustrate our approach, we have calculated some high-viewing angle elemental images and displayed them on an integral imaging monitor.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.3055-3062
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• 2014

동적 마스크를 사용하는 3D 집적영상 기술은 공간에 고해상도의 3D 영상을 디스플레이할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 동적 마스크를 사용한 새로운 3D/2D 변환 집적영상 디스플레이 시스템을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법에 대하여 2개의 LCD 패널을 통하여 보여지는 영상에 따른 3D 모드, 2D모드 그리고 3D/2D 혼합 모드의 동작원리를 설명한다. 3D모드에서는 요소영상과 마스크 영상이 표시되고, 2D 모드에서는 광원영상과 2D 영상이 표시된다. 그리고 3D/2D 혼합모드에서는 영역별로 2D와 3D가 분리되어 동시에 디스플레이 된다. 제안한 방법의 유용함을 보이기 위해서 기초적인 실험을 수행하고 그 결과를 보고한다.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.43-51
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• 1998

Background： Three-dementional imaging with spiral CT(3D spiral CT) is a well established imaging modality which has been investigated in various clinical settings. However the 3D spiral CT in upper airway disease is rarely reported and its results are still obscure. Objectives： To access the usefulness of 3D spiral CT imaging in patients with upper airway diseases. Materials and Methods We performed 3D spiral CT in fourteen patients In whom upper airway diseases were clinically suspected. Nine of these patients had upper airway stenosis, two had laryngeal cartilage fracture, and three had laryngo-hypopharyngeal cancer. For evaluation of location and extent of the lesions, we compared the findings of 3D imaging with those of air tracheogram, conventional 2D CT images, endoscopic and operative findings. Results： In case of stenosis, 3D spiral CT provide significant useful information, particularly the site and length of the stenotic segment. But, it was difficult to define the fracture of the laryngeal framework and to detect the cartilagenous invasion by head and neck cancer using the 3D imaging. Conclusion : The 3D spiral CT was an useful adjunctive method to assess some kind of upper airway disease but not in others. So, we should compare the findings of 3D images with those of other diagnostic tools for accurate diagnosis of the upper airway disease.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.178-185
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• 2015

Purpose: To compare the frequency of posterior globe flattening between two-dimensional T2-weighted imaging (2D T2WI) and three-dimensional (3D T2WI). Materials and Methods: Sixty-nine patients (31 female; mean age, 44.4 years) who had undergone both 5-mm axial T2WI and sagittal 3D 1-mm isovoxel T2WI of the whole brain for evaluation of various diseases (headache [n = 30], large hemorrhage [n = 19], large tumor or leptomeningeal tumor spread [n = 15], large infarct [n = 3], and bacterial meningitis [n = 2]) were used in this study. Two radiologists independently reviewed both sets of images at separate sessions. Axial T2WI and multi-planar imaging of 3D T2WI were visually assessed for the presence of globe flattening. The optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) was measured at a location 4 mm posterior to each globe on oblique coronal imaging reformatted from 3D T2WI. Results: There were significantly more globes showing posterior flattening on 3D T2WI (105/138 [76.1%]) than on 2D T2WI (27/138 [19.6%], P = 0.001). Inter-observer agreement was excellent for both 2D T2WI and 3D T2WI (Cohen's kappa = 0.928 and 0.962, respectively). Intra-class correlation coefficient for the ONSD was almost perfect (Cohen's kappa = 0.839). The globes with posterior flattening had significantly larger ONSD than those without on both 2D and 3D T2WI (P < 0.001; $6.14mm{\pm}0.44$ vs. $5.74mm{\pm}0.44$ on 2D T2WI; $5.90mm{\pm}0.47$ vs. $5.56mm{\pm}0.34$ on 3D T2WI). Optic nerve protrusion was significantly more frequent on reformatted 1-mm 3D T2WI than on 5-mm 2D T2WI (8 out of 138 globes on 3D T2WI versus one on 2D T2WI; P = 0.018). Conclusion: Posterior globe flattening is more frequently observed on 3D T2WI than on 2D T2WI in patients suspected of having increased intracranial pressure. The globes with posterior flattening have significantly larger ONSD than those without.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1305-1317
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• 2010

본 연구는 다양한 3D imaging 기술이 생산해낼 수 있는 환영효과를 직물에 적용할 수 있는지에 대한 가능성을 통해서, 현실과 허구의 경계가 없어지는 새로운 환경을 조성하기 위한 직물을 개발하여 변형 가능한 삼차원의 살아있는 직물 같은, 관점에 따라 패턴과 색깔의 이미지가 바뀌는 흥미로운 직물패턴의 실현 가능성을 알아본다. 본 논문은 I, II로 나뉘어 있으며, 각 논문에서 각기 다른 실험을 실시하여 결과로의 적용가능성과 제한점을 살펴봄으로써 Holography, Lenticular, 등 가상의 3D 테크놀로지를 통해 2D 평면의 구조에 3D 가상 이미지의 텍스타일 적용 가능성을 기계적 실험을 통해 확인하며, 3D imaging 기술에 대한 경험과 이해를 얻고, 3D imaging 기술을 적용할 수 있는 잠재력을 연구하기 위한 것으로, 실험은 현장에 있는 전문 텍스타일연구가, 과학자, 예술가 그리고 디자이너들의 협업으로 이루어졌다.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2005년도 International Meeting on Information Displayvol.I
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• pp.46-49
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• 2005

In this paper, a novel 2D/3D convertible display system based on integral imaging is proposed. Combining two liquid crystal display panels with integral imaging, it is possible to convert the display between two-dimensional mode and three-dimensional mode without mechanical movement. The proposed method is proven by preliminary experiments.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.441-446
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• 2014

A 3D ultrasound image is desired in many medical examinations. However, the implementation of a 2D array, which is needed for a 3D image, is challenging with respect to fabrication, interconnection and cabling. A 2D sparse array, which needs fewer elements than a dense array, is a realistic way to achieve 3D images. Because the number of ways the elements can be placed in an array is extremely large, a method for optimizing the array configuration is needed. Previous research placed the target point far from the transducer array, making it impossible to optimize the array in the operating range. In our study, we focused on optimizing a 2D sparse array transducer for 3D imaging by using a simulated annealing method. We compared the far-field optimization method with the near-field optimization method by analyzing a point-spread function (PSF). The resolution of the optimized sparse array is comparable to that of the dense array.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2005

콘크리트 구조물 내부 결함이나 철근 위치를 탐지하기 위하여 초단파를 이용하는 비파괴 시험방법이 구조물 안전진단 분야에서도 최근 관심을 불러일으키고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 기 개발된 2차원 영상화 방법을 확장하여 3차원 영상처리방법을 개발하는 것이다. 그 방법으로 콘크리트 구조물 내의 결함을 탐지하기 위한 안테나를 구성, 수치적 초점조절시스템을 이용하여 송신부와 수신부의 초점을 동시 조절하여 구조물 내부의 모든 부분을 검색하였다. 또한 다중주파수 방식을 이용, 데이터의 오류를 제거하고 해상도를 향상시켜 구조물 내부의 결함이나 내부모습을 탐지할 수 있는 3차원 영상장치를 개발하고자 하였다. 실험 결과, 데이터 오류를 줄이는 다중주파수방식에 의하여 재현된 영상의 정확성을 검증하고, 주파수 조절방법에 의하여 $4{\times}4$ 안테나배열을 설계함으로써 5.2 GHz에서 주파수대역의 우수한 투과성능을 입증하였다. 즉 본 연구에서 개발된 슬롯안테나는 파동의 방사기능과 주파수대역의 넓이 등에서 구조부재의 결함탐지에 이용될 수 있음을 검증하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.1460-1471
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• 2024

2D and 3D ultrasonic imaging has so far not been demonstrated in pure molten lead in the open literature. In this study the development of such an ultrasonic device for imaging is outlined and results from testing at 380 ℃ in lead are presented. The main difficulties were found to be achieving then maintaining suitable wetting while ensuring suitable durability of the device, both due to the harsh nature of molten lead and the elevated temperatures. The successful detection and imaging (2D and 3D), of differently shaped targets, where the features were above the size of the transmitted ultrasound beam was demonstrated.