• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.5-12
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• 2008

There are some ways to improve precision of conventional munitions by low-cost method. 2D Course Correction Munition(CCM) is one of those ways, which is a 155mm projectile integrated with 2D Guidance Fuze(GF) instead of conventional fuze. 2D GF can correct the projectile trajectory and minimize range and deflection errors from its aimpoint using canard control. In this paper 2D CCM system concept is introduced and its course correction capability is analyzed using PRODAS.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.135-140
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• 2005

Although the pathogenesis of cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is unknown, a familial predisposition has been recognized, with up to $55\%$ of patients having an affected relatives. Genetic linkage studies have recently mapped a gene causing CCM to a segment of the long arm of chromosome 7 (7q). We report herein a genetic linkage analysis conducted on a Korean three generation family with CCM. It's first report in Korean family. A Korean family in which one member had undergone surgery for ubtracerebrak hematoma (ICH) and confirmed the CCM, was evaluated. They were examined clinically (n=18) and by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (n=10). Polymorphic markers (D7S1813, D7S1789) spanning the CCM1 locus on 7q were genotyped by the polymerase chain reaction and analysis of linkage was performed in this family (n=17). Six had multiple lesions on brain MR image, one of them being symptomatic, and five were asymptomatic. Seven remaining members were asymptomatic and refused MR image study. One had died of ICH from presumed CCM. Analysis of the pedigree was consistent with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. All affected patients were linked to CCM1. Linkage to CCM1 can account for inheritance of CCM in this family. They had some striking features with a low clinical penetrance and the presence of multiple lesions. These findings have implications for genetic testing of this disorder and represent an important step toward identification of the gene responsible for the pathogenesis of this disease.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.469-474
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• 2011

본 시험은 충남 아산과 경남 산청에서 논을 이용하여 2006년부터 2008년까지 3년에 걸쳐 수행되었으며, 작부체계는 하계작물 총체 벼와 동계작물 IRG을 이용한 2모작 작부체계를 이용하였다. 시험구의 처리는 N 기준으로 화학비료 시용구(대조구), 우분퇴비150% 및 우분퇴비 200% 시용구로 하였다. 가축분뇨 시용에 따른3년 평균 연간 건물생산성은 아산지역의 경우 우분퇴비 200% 시용구에서 20,347 kg/ha로 가장 높았으며, 화학비료 시용구에서 19,165 kg/ha, 우분퇴비 150% 시용구 18,358 kg/ha 순이였다. 하지만 우분퇴비 200%구와 화학비료 처리구간에 건물생산성의 유의적인 차이가 나지 않았으며, 우분퇴비 150%구에서는 유의적인 감소를 보였다(p<0.05). 산청지역의 건물생산성은 화학비료 시용구에서 20,531 kg/ha, 우분퇴비 200% 시용구의 18,048 kg/ha, 우분퇴비 150% 시용구의 16,647 kg/ha로 유의적인 감소를 보였다(p<0.05). 산청지역에서 IRG의 건물생산성은 화학비료구, 우분퇴비 200%, 우분퇴비 150% 시험구 순으로 높았으나, 화학비료구와 우분퇴비 200% 시용구간의 유의적인 차이는 인정되지 않았다(p<0.05). 또한 아산지역은 처리구간의 건물수량에 차이는 있었으나 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 총체 벼의 건물생산성은 아산지역의 경우 화학비료 시용구에서 우분퇴비 200% 시용구와 유의적이 차이가 없었고, 우분퇴비 150% 시용구 보다는 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 산청지역의 경우 화학비료 시용구에서 우분퇴비 150% 및 200% 시용구에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 가축분뇨 시용에 따른 총체 벼의 3년 평균 초장 및 경수는 처리구간 유의적인 차이가 없었으며, 벼의 등숙률은 아산과 산청 모두에서 화학비료구가 우분퇴비 150% 및 200% 시험구에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 혹명나방에 의한 피해는 처리구간에 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았으나, 잎집무늬마름병 피해는 산청지역의 경우 우분퇴비 시용구가 화학비료 시용구에 비해 높게 나타났다. 가축분뇨에 시용에 따른 사료가치는 IRG의 조단백질은 화학비료구가 우분퇴비 150% 및 200% 시험구에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났으나(P<0.05), NDF 및 ADF의 처리구간 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 가축분뇨 시용에 따른 토양의 pH, 토양유기물 함량 및 치환성 양이온 함량은 시험 전 토양에 비해 많이 개선되었으며, 토양 유기물 함량의 경우 시험 전 토양에 비해 가축분뇨 시용구의 유기물 함량이 약 29~44% 증가하였다. 본 연구의 결과 논에서 가축분뇨를 이용하여 IRG과 총체 벼를 재배하면 연간 약 18~20톤의 친환경 조사료를 생산할 수 있어, 논을 친환경 조사료 생산기반으로 활용한다면 조사료 자급률도 높이고 쌀 과잉 생산 문제 해결에도 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.241-251
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• 2017

EFD-CFD 워크샵 중 Case3인 RAE Wing A 형상에 대해 전산유체역학 해석을 수행하였다. 해석자로 3개의 상용 CFD 해석 코드(Star-CCM+, Fluent, CFX)와 오픈 소스 CFD 코드(SU2)를 사용하였다. 격자는 상용 격자 생성 코드인 Pointwise를 이용하여 격자의 수에 따라 4가지를 생성하였다. 마하수 0.4, 0.8에서 는 받음각 2도, 마하수 0.9에서 받음각 1도에서 해석하였다. coarse격자부터 fine 격자까지는 압력계수 곡선과 수직력 계수는 비슷한 결과를 보였으나 항력 계수에서는 차이가 있었다. Star-CCM+과 Fluent의 해석에서 차분법의 차수가 높을수록 충격파의 위치를 앞으로 예측하였다. 수렴에 다다르는 계산시간은 Fluent, Star-CCM+, CFX의 순으로 나타났고 SU2는 이에 비해 수렴하는데 많은 시간이 들었다.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2014

In this study, we present a new isotope-coded carbamidomethylation (iCCM)-based quantitative proteomics, as a complementary strategy for conventional isotope labeling strategies, with providing the simplicity, ease of use, and robustness. In iCCM-based quantification, two proteome samples can be separately isotope-labeled by means of covalently reaction of all cysteinyl residues in proteins with iodoacetamide (IAA) and its isotope (IAA-$^{13}C_2$, $D_2$), denoted as CM and iCCM, respectively, leading to a mass shift of all cysteinyl residues to be + 4 Da. To evaluate iCCM-based isotope labeling in proteomic quantification, 6 protein standards (i.e., bovine serum albumin, serotransferrin, lysozyme, beta-lactoglobulin, beta-galactosidase, and alpha-lactalbumin) isotopically labeled with IAA and its isotope, mixed equally, and followed by proteolytic digestion. The resulting CM-/iCCM-labeled peptide mixtures were analyzed using a nLC-ESI-FT orbitrap-MS/MS. From our experimental results, we found that the efficiency of iCCM-based quantification is more superior to that of mTRAQ, as a conventional nonisobaric labeling method, in which both of a number of identified peptides from 6 protein standards and the less quantitative variations in the relative abundance ratios of heavy-/light-labeled corresponding peptide pairs. Finally, we applied the developed iCCM-based quantitative method to lung cancer serum proteome in order to evaluate the potential in biomarker discovery study.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제50권8호
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• pp.151-161
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 입력전압을 감지하지 않는 전류연속/임계동작모드 active power factor correction(PFC) circuit을 제안하였다. 기존의 입력전압을 감지하지 않는 PFC circuit의 경우 출력전류가 낮은 경 부하 조건에서 DCM 동작을 수행하고, 이에 따라 PF가 감소하는 문제가 발생한다. 제안한 PFC circuit은 70KHz의 주파수로 CCM 동작을 수행하고, 경 부하 조건에서 최대 200KHz까지 스위칭 주파수가 가변되는 CRM 동작을 수행하도록 하였다. 이를 통해 경 부하 조건에서 PF가 감소하는 문제를 해결하였다. PFC controller IC는 $0.35{\mu}m$ BCDMOS 공정을 이용하여 제작하였으며, 240W급 PFC prototype을 제작하여 실험하였다. 제안한 PFC circuit은 기존의 PFC circcuit 대비 최대 10%의 역률이 향상되었고, IEC 61000-3-2 Class D 규격에 따른 경 부하 조건에서는 최대 4% 역률이 향상되었다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.635-636
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• 2006

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.977-983
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• 2009

The survival and effect of three new probiotic inoculants (Lactobacillus plantarum CCM 4000, L. fermentum LF2, and Enterococcus faecium CCM 4231) on the nutritive value and fermentation parameters of corn silage was studied under laboratory conditions. Whole corn plants (288.3 g/kg DM) were cut and ensiled at $21^{\circ}C$ for 105 days. The inoculants were applied at a concentration of $1.0{\times}10^{9}$ cfu/ml. Uninoculated silage was used as the control. The chopped corn was ensiled in 40 plastic jars (1 L) divided into four groups (4${\times}$10 per treatment). All corn silages had a low pH (below 3.55) and 83-85% of total silage acids comprised lactic acid after 105 days of ensiling. The probiotic inoculants in the corn silages affected corn silage characteristics in terms of significantly (p<0.05-0.001) higher pH, numerically lower crude protein content and ratio of lactic to acetic acid compared to control silage. However, the inoculants did not affect the concentration of total silage acids (acetic, propionic, lactic acids) as well as dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of corn silages in vitro. In the corn silages with three probiotic inoculants, significantly (CCM 4231, CCM 4000) lower n-6/n-3 ratio of fatty acids was detected than in control silage. Significant decrease in the concentration of $C_{18:1}$, and significant increase in the concentration of $C_{18:2}$ and $C_{18:3}$ was mainly found in the corn silages inoculated with the strains E. faecium CCM 4231 and L. plantarum CCM 4000. At the end of ensiling, the inoculants were found at counts of less than 1.0 log10 cfu/g in corn silages.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.1761-1769
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• 2018

Enzyme-assisted extraction is a cost-effective, safe, and efficient method to obtain bioactives from plant materials. During this study, 10 different marine algae from Sri Lanka were individually extracted by using five commercial food-grade carbohydrases. The enzymatic and water extracts of the seaweeds were analyzed for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The highest DPPH, hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) and intracellular $H_2O_2$ scavenging abilities were observed from the Celluclast extract of Sargassum polycystum (CSp). CSp exerted protective effects against oxidative stress-induced cell death in hydrogen peroxide-induced Chang cells and in model zebrafish. The Celluclast extract of Chnoospora minima (CCm) showed the strongest anti-inflammatory activity against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages ($IC_{50}=44.47{\mu}g/mL$) and in model zebrafish. CCm inhibited the levels of iNOS, COX-2, $PGE_2$, and TNF-${\alpha}$ in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Hence, CSp and CCm could be utilized in developing functional ingredients for foods, and cosmeceuticals.

• ALGAE
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.295-301
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• 2012

Carbon concentrating mechanisms play a vital role in photosynthesis in microalgae and cyanobacteria especially in the proper functioning of Rubisco and assimilation of carbon via the Calvin cycle. This study evaluates the role of carbon dioxide on carbon concentrating mechanism (CCM) in a cynaobacteria, Spirulina platensis and a microalga, Chlorella sp. 786. The study organisms were grown in both atmospheric (control sample, 0.035%) and high (exposed sample, 10%) $CO_2$ concentrations. Second dimension (2D) electrophoresis revealed a huge difference in the protein profiles of both organisms suggesting the induction of CCM related proteins in the sample maintained at atmospheric $CO_2$ concentration and the repression of CCM related proteins in the sample maintained at 10% $CO_2$. Liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis revealed the presence of two important $C_i$ transporter proteins in the control sample of S. platensis, namely ferredoxin-$NADP^+$ reductase and ATP binding cassette (ABC) transport system protein. These proteins were only expressed in the control sample and were downregulated or not expressed at all in the exposed sample. Consequently, this study conclusively proves that CCMs are only inducted at low $CO_2$ concentrations and are not functional at high $CO_2$ concentration.