• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.19 no.4 s.74
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• pp.399-406
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• 2006

The natural frequencies of Al square plates with a brass inclusion were analyzed by the rule of mixtures. The rule of mixtures is the method to derive natural frequency mutiplying effective inplane wane speed and nondimensional frequency parameters. Numerical models were Al square plates with an inclusion with cantilever type, 2 clamped edge-2 free edge type, 3 clamped edge-1 free edge type and fully clamped edge type. In cantilever type plates, 2 clamped edge-2 free edge type plates and 3 clamped edge-1 free edge plates with an inclusion, good agreement within 10% obtained from rule of mixtures' results and numerical analysis results within inclusion area ratio 1/9. It was found that the natural frequencies of the cantilever type, 2 clamped edge-2 free edge type and 3 clamped edge-1 free edge type plates with an inclusion decrease as the size of inclusion increases when inclusion is located center of plates. And when the density of inclusion is less than the plates, natural frequency of plates with an inclusion increases as the size of inclusion increases.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.75-82
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• 1986

In this paper. the characteristics of mechanical behaviour due to various edge-ratio of uniformly loaded clamped skew-~plates has been described. In this study, the skew-plate was discretized using 8-noded isoparametric element and Mindlin's plate theory was adapted in finite element formulation. The edge-ratio 0.5,0.8,1.0,1.2,1.5,2.0 and 2.5 were considered. Hence, five cond- itions of the skew-angle, the seven levels of edge ratio were tried. When the edge-ratio was 2.5 or the edge-ratio was 2.0 and the skew-angle was less than 45 degree, the behaviour of the uniformly loaded the skew-plate with all edges clamped was independent of the skew-angle.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.565-575
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• 2023

This study represents a numerical research in vibration and buckling of functionally graded material (FGM) beam comprising edge crack by using finite element method (FEM) and multilayer perceptron (MLP). It is assumed that the material properties change only according to the exponential distributions along the beam thickness. FEM and MLP solutions of the natural frequencies and critical buckling load are obtained of the cracked FGM beam for clamped-free (C-F), hinged-hinged (H-H), and clamped-clamped (C-C) boundary conditions. Numerical results are obtained to show the effects of crack location (c/L), material properties (E₂/E₁), slenderness ratio (L/h) and end supports on the bending vibration and buckling properties of cracked FGM beam. The FEM analysis used in this paper was verified with the literature, and the fundamental frequency ratio ($\overline{P_{cr}}$) and critical buckling load ratio ($\overline{{\omega}}$) results obtained were compared with FEM and MLP. The results obtained are quite compatible with each other.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.214-225
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• 1999

An accurate method is presented for flexural vibrations of sectorial plates having simply supported-free and free-free radial edges, when the circular edge is either clamped or simply supported. The classical Ritz method is employed with two sets of admissible functions assumed for the transverse vibratory displacements. These sets consist of : (1) mathematically complete algebraic-trigonometric polynomials which gurantee convergence to exact frequencies as sufficient terms are retained, and (2) comer functions which account for the bending moment singularities at re-entrant comer of the radial edges having arbitrary edge conditions. Accurate (at least four significant figures) frequencies and normalized contours of the transverse vibratory displacement are presented for the spectra of corner angles [90$^{\circ}$, 180$^{\circ}$(semi-circular), 270$^{\circ}$, 300$^{\circ}$, 330$^{\circ}$, 350$^{\circ}$, 355$^{\circ}$, 360$^{\circ}$ (complete circular)] causing a re-entrant comer of the radial edges. Future solutions drawn from alternative numerical procedures and finite element techniques may be compared with these accurate results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.388-392
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• 1995

The Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry(ESPI) has been applied to many technical problems such as deformation and displacement measurement, strain visualization and surface roughness monitoring. Composite materials have various complicated characteristics depending on the ply materials,ply orientations,ply stacking sequences and boundary conditions. Therefore, it is difficult to analyze composite material. For efficient use of composit materials in engineering applications, the dynamic behavior such as, natural frequencies and modal patterns should be identified. This studying presents FEM results for the free vibration of symmetrically laminated composite as [30/-30/90] $_{s}$. The natural frequencies of laminated composite rectangular plates having the boundary condition(:2-edge clamped) are experimentally obtained. In order to demonstrate the validity of the experiment,FEM analysis using ANSYS was performed and natural frequencies experimentally obtained is compared with calculated by FEM analysis. The results obtained from both experiment and FEM analysis show a good agreement.t.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.12 no.2 s.45
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• pp.221-230
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• 2000

Checking the stability of anisotropic plates with free edges, it is impossible that buckling loads and modes are found via existing classical methods about various loads and boundary conditions. For solving this problems. finite difference method(FDM) is used to analyze the buckling behaviors for arbitrary boundary conditions. Using FDM, it is difficult to treat the fictitious points on free edges. So, this paper analyzes buckling behaviors of analytic models with one edge free and the other edges clamped and with opposite two edges free and other two edges clamped. The various buckling loads and mode characteristics through numerical results are given for buckling behaviors of anisotropic plates on free edges.

• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 1977

The major objects of this report are to supplement data of natural frequencies of thin elastic rectangular plates to the available data, and to give an experimental verification for natural frequencies obtained by Rayleigh-Ritz method, the generation set of which are eigenfunctions of Euler beams. For the first object the following five models, for which data only for the fundamental mode or data only for square plates are available, are adopted; (1) two opposed edges are clamped and the other two opposed edges simply supported (C-C, S-S), (2) one edge is simply supported and the other three edges clamped (C-C, C-S), (3) one edge is free and the other three edges clamped (C-C, C-F), (4) two adjacent edges are clamped and the other two adjacent edges free (C-F, C-F). For the (C-C, S-S) model the frequency equation obtained with the mode shapes assumed as of a single trigonometric series is solved. And for the other four models Rayleigh-Ritz method taking eigenfunctions of Euler beams as the generating set is applied. The numerical examples are obtained up to the fourth, the fifth or the sixth order depending on the range of the aspect ratio (0.1-10.0). The number of terms in the generating set for Rayleigh-Ritz method is fifteen for all models. For the experiment three models made of 3.2mm thickness mild steel plate for general structure use were prepared in following size; $300mm{\times}600mm,\;600mm{\times}600mm\;and\;900mm{\times}600mm$. Their boundary conditions are made to fit (C-C, C-F) condition. From the experiment mechanical impedance curves based on the frequency response method were obtained together with phase relation diagrams. The experimental data are resulted in good conformity to calculated values.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.37-44
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• 1997

Composite materials have various complicated characteristics depending on the ply materials, ply orientations, ply stacking sequences and boundary conditions. Therefore, it is difficult to analyze composite materials. For efficient use of composite materials in engineering applications, the dynamic behavior such as natural frequencies and nodal patterns should be identified. This study presents FEM results for the free vibration of symmetrically and antisymmetrically laminated composite and hybrid composite rectangular plates. The natural frequencies of laminated composite rectangular plates having the various boundary conditions (completely clamped, 2-edge clamped, cantilevered) are experimentally obtained. In order to demonstrate the validity of the experiment, FEM analysis using ANSYS was performed and natural frequencies experimentally obtained is compared with that calculated by FEM analysis. The results obtained from both experiment and FEM analysis show a good agreement.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.377-383
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• 2007

We describe the fabrication and characterization of a doubly clamped multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT). The device was assembled by an application of electric field in solution. The MWNT was clamped on end of metal trench electrodes in solution and deposited with additional platinum (Pt) on edge of electrode for firmly suspending the MWNT by focused ion beam (FIB). The MWNTs range of diameter and length were 100 to 150 nm and 1.5 to $2{\mu}m$, respectively. Electrical characteristics of fabricated devices were measured by I-V curve and impedance analysis. The mechanical deformation was observed by resistivity in high air pressure. Resonant frequency around 6.8 MHz was detected and resistivity was linearly varied according to the magnitude of air pressure. This device could have potential applications in nanoelectronics and various sensors.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.78-86
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• 1992

This paper aims at investigating the effect of steel ratio and the magnitude of edge-ratio on the mechanical characteristics of reinforced concrete ring sector plate. The influence of steel bars was taken into account by coupling stiffness matrix of the steel bar element with that of the concrete plate element without dealing with separate element of steel bar and by establishing the composite stiffness matrix, which leads to the desirable result which does not increase th number of element could be obtained. Through case studies with 6 cases various steel ratios in ring sector plate supported at four edges and 4 cases with different open angles, the influence of the steel ratio was examined. A numerical analysis to find out the effect of the steel ratio d ue to above mentioned cases was carried out by 4 boundary conditions ; all edges clamped (B.C-1), all edges simply supported (B.C-2), curvilinear two edges clamped and other edges free (B.C-3) and curvilinear two edges simply supported and other edges free(B.C-4). The main results obtained are summarized as follows : 1. The effect of steel ratio on the magnitude of lateral deflection and x-directional bending moment at the center of sector plate and the midpoint of outer and inner curvilinear edges is almost the same up to $30^{\circ}$ of open angle. Beyond $30^{\circ}$ of the angle, the larger the angle, the greater the effect of ratio. 2. In design works using balanced steel ratio, the effect of steel bar can be ignored. But for larger open angles, especially greater than $90^{\circ}$, it proves desirable to consider the effect of steel bar. 3. The effect of the arc length of center circle/straight edge on lateral deflection and bending moment is remarkable in B.C-2. For larger open angle, the effect is also noted except for B.C-3 which turn out hardly affected. 4. The effect of the radius of curvature/straight side length on lateral deflection and x-directional bending moment is noted in B.C-2. As open angle increases, B.C-1 and B.C-3 almost agree and B.C-2 approaches B.C-4.