• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2003

In order to search the new serotonin bioisoster, 2-(5,6-dimethoxy-l-indenyl)ethyl amine(1) was synthesized. 3,4-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde, as starting material, was condensed with malonic acid in the presence of pyridine and piperidine to form 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid(2). Compound 2 was performed catalytic hydrogenation with 10％ Pd-C to give propanoic acid derivative 3, which was cyclized by Friedel-Crafts acylation to afford 5,6-dimethoxyindan-l-one(4). Compound 4 was reduced with NaBH$_4$ in ethanol to obtain l-indanol 5, and it was dehydrated to give 5,6-dimethoxy-l-indene(6). This compound was lithiated with 2.5M n-butyllithium and reacted with 1,2-dibromoethane to give 2-(5,6-dimethoxy-l-indenyl)ethyl bromide(7), and which was treated with anhydrous ammonia to synthesize compound 1.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.434-439
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• 1995

Six-coordinate molybdenum(Ⅴ)-oxo complexes, (R4N)[MoO(NCS)2L](R=CH3, C2H5, n-C4, H9) with S-methyl-3-(2-hydroxy-x-phenyl)methylenedithiocarbazate(L1: x=5-H) and its derivatives (L2:x=5-CH3, L3: x=3-CH3O, L4: x=5,6-C4H4 and L5: x=5-NO2) have been synthesized and the structural, spectral and electrochemical properties of the complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, UV-Vis, IR, 1H NMR, and CV (cyclic voltammetry).

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.53-60
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to find out the relation between the height of intercrestal line, and HIVD(Herniated Intervertebral Disc)of Lumbar spine. Methods : We investigated 445 cases (208 male, 237 female) of patients who were diagnosed as HIVD of L-spine at either L4/5 or L5/S1 level. We analysed the relation between the height of intercrestal line and the level of HIVD. Results : 1. Among 445 cases, the level of intercrestal line with HIVD of L-spine at the specific location was different between male and female. In male, the intercrestal line is more likely to be located at L4 level, while in female more likely to be located at L5 level. 2. Among 445 cases, L5/S1 HIVD patients(272, 61.1%) were more than L4/5 HIVD patients(173, 38.9%). At L4 body area, L4/5 HIVD patients were more than L5/S1 HIVD patients, however, at L4/5 intervertebral area and L5 body area, L5/S1 HIVD patients were more than L4/5 HIVD patients. (p<0.01) 3. When the line is located at higher level, HIVD of L-spine tends to be occurred at L4/5 level. Contrastly, when the line is located at lower level, HIVD of L-spine tends to be occurred at L5/S1 level. (p<0.01) Conclusions : High intercrestal line leads to L4/5 HIVD, while low intercrestal line leads to L5/S1 HIVD. Possibly, it is caused by different length and thickness of the iliolumbar ligament.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.115-119
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• 2004

In order to micropropagate uniform plantlets of Philodendron wend-imbe, the shoot tips were cultured on media supplemented with 0.5-10.0mg/L BA or 0.01-1.0 mg/L thidiazuron (TDZ). The multi-bud clusters from basal part of shoots formed vigorously on media containing 5.0-10.0 mg/L BA or 0.05-0.1 mg/L TDZ. Shoot formation from the bud cluster sections (5-7mm) was achieved favorably on medium with 5.0mg/L BA and 20 g/L sucrose. Lowering of sucrose in medium to 20 g/L was effective for the inhibition of callus growth from basal part of shoots. Growth of shoots and their rooting were favorable on media containing 1.0-2.0 mg/L IBA or 0.1mg/L NAA. The rooted plantlets were acclimatizated effectively in soil mixed with perlite 1: peat moss 1 or peat moss alone.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.419-424
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• 2005

Effect of temperature($22-32^{\circ}C$), pH(5-7) and medium composition on the mycelial growth for the submerged culture of Inonotus obliquus. The concentrations of glucose, starch, peptone, yeast extract, $K_2HPO_4$, $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$ and $CaCl_2$ were examined in the ranges of 30-120 g/L, 0-10 g/L, 0-20 g/L, 0-15 g/L, 0-2 g/L, 0-1.5 g/L and 0-0.5g/L, respectively. The maximum mycelial growth of Inonotus obliquus was obtained for $26-27^{\circ}C$ and pH 6. The concentrations of glucose, yeast extract and $CaCl_2$, which gave the maximum mycelial growth of Inonotus obliquus, were 70 g/L, 5 g/L and 0.1 g/L, respectively. In the cases of starch, peptone and $K_2HPO_4$, the mycelial growth of Inonotus obliquus increased with increasing the concentrations. However, as the concentration of $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$ increased, the mycelial growth of Inonotus obliquus decreased. The medium for maximum mycelial growth of Inonotus obliquus consisted of (per 1 L): glucose, 70 g; peptone, 5-20 g; starch, 10 g; yeast extract, 5 g; $K_2HPO_4$, 2 g and $CaCl_2$, 0.1 g.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.334-341
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• 2000

To develop a nutrient solution for a closed hydroponic system in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) 'Atlantic' and 'Superior' potatoes were grown with the nutrient solutions whose strengths were 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 of the concentration of the nutrient solution developed by the National Horticultural Experiment Station in Japan. The best results in potato growth and yield were obtained with 0.5 and 1.0 strength nutrient solutions, and nutrient compositions for potato were determined based on the 1.0 strength nutrient solution; $14.4me{\cdot}L^{-1}\;N,\;4.2me{\cdot}L^{-1}\;P,\;7.5me{\cdot}L^{-1}\;K,\;5.5me{\cdot}L^{-1}\;Ca$, and $3.5me{\cdot}L^{-1}\;Mg$ for stolon growth stage and $14.8me{\cdot}L^{-1}\;N,\;4.0me{\cdot}L^{-1}\;P,\;8.5me{\cdot}L^{-1}\;K,\;6.5me{\cdot}L^{-1}\;Ca$, and $3.0me{\cdot}L^{-1}\;Mg$ for tuber growth stage. To examine the suitability of the nutrient solutions developed for potato, the strengths of 1.0 (PS 1.0S), 0.75 (PS 0.75S), or 0.5 (PS 0.5S) were compared with half-strength of Japanese Horticultural Experiment Station' solution (JH 0.5S). Changes in pH, EC, and mineral concentrations in nutrient solutions depended more on solution strength and growth stage than on the type of nutrient solution. However, most elements in solution remained constant with plant age in PS 0.75S solution during stolon growth stage, and in PS 0.5S solution during tuber growth stage. The greatest growth and tuber yield was obtained in the standard strength solution (PS 1.0S), and potato solution developed in this experiment was recommended for hydroponic culture of potato in a closed system.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.59-63
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• 2003

This experiment was conducted to propagate Zantedeschia spp. in vitro. The frequency of adventitious bud clusters (ABC) formation from shoot tips in Z. 'Best Gold' was high at more than 65% on media with 2.0∼5.0 mg/L BA or 0.1∼1.0 mg/L thidiazuron. The highest formation rate of ABC (75%) was obtained on medium containing 2.0 mg/L BA. Comparing to treatment of BA alone, combined one of BA and NAA did not stimulate the formation of ABC and the shoot regeneration from shoot tips. The proliferation of ABC from sections (0.7∼1.0 cm) of ABC occurred effective on medium with 2.0 mg/L BA. Shoots developed from the sections (0.7∼1.0 cm) of ABC grew and rooted favorably on media containing 1.0∼2,0 mg/L IBA. The shoots were multiplicated effectively on medium with 0.5 mg/L thidiazuron in Z. 'Childsiana', on medium with 3.0 mg/L BA in 2. 'Golden Affair', and on medium with 5.0∼10.0 mg/L BA in Z. 'Pacific Pink'.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.628-636
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• 2014

This paper describes the design and analysis of five-element planar array antenna of an anti-jamming satellite navigation system. We propose a design of multi-layer patch antenna for Global Positioning System(GPS) $L_1/L_2$ dual bands. The proposed antenna has two ports feeding network with a hybrid chip coupler for a broad bandwidth with Right-Handed Circular Polarization(RHCP). The measurement results show the bore-sight gains of 1.10 dBic($L_1$) and 0.37 dBic($L_2$) for the center element. The bore-sight gains of an edge element are 0.99 dBic($L_1$) and -0.57 dBic($L_2$). At a fixed elevation angle of $30^{\circ}$, antennas show average gains of -2.08 dBic ($L_1$) and -5.33 dBic($L_2$) for the center element, and average gains of -0.40 dBic($L_1$) and -2.09 dBic($L_2$) for the edge elements. The results demonstrate that the proposed array antenna is suitable for anti-jamming applications.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.657-663
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• 2012

To evaluate effects of water temperatures on nutrient releases of submerged plants in lake reservoir, COD, T-N and T-P releases of submerged plants were investigated for 60 days under different incubation temperatures ($5^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$) in columns. The amounts of COD releases by Carex dimorpholepis were $60.4mg\;L^{-1}$ at $5^{\circ}C$ and $78.0mg\;L^{-1}$ at $25^{\circ}C$. In Miscanthus sacchariflorus, the amounts of COD releases were $62.5mg\;L^{-1}$ at $5^{\circ}C$ and $70.5mg\;L^{-1}$ at $25^{\circ}C$. The amounts of T-N releases in Carex dimorpholepis at $5^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ were 45.8 and $60mg\;L^{-1}$, respectively. In Miscanthus sacchariflorus, the amounts of T-N releases were $55.7mg\;L^{-1}$ at $5^{\circ}C$ and $61.0mg\;L^{-1}$ at $25^{\circ}C$. At $5^{\circ}C$, the amounts of T-P releases in Carex dimorpholepis and Miscanthus sacchariflorus were 5.65 and $7.10mg\;L^{-1}$, respectively. At $25^{\circ}C$, the amounts of T-P releases in Carex dimorpholepis and Miscanthus sacchariflorus were 8.70 and $8.18mg\;L^{-1}$, respectively. In the column experiment, the amounts of COD, T-N and T-P releases by submerged plants at $25^{\circ}C$ were generally higher than those at $5^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.207-212
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• 2022

The optimal culture conditions for root organogenesis from the callus of peonies (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) were investigated. Root explants with vascular bundles were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium combined with 0.5-4.0 mg/L auxins (indole acetic acid [IAA], naphthalene acetic acid [NAA], indolebutyric acid [IBA], and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid [2,4-D]) and 0.0-2.0 mg/L cytokinins (kinetin, zeatin, and benzylaminopurine [BAP]) to induce callus formation. The callus was then cultured in MS medium combined with three concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/L) of IAA, NAA, IBA, kinetin, zeatin, and BAP in the dark for 6 weeks. Based on the results, the effects of dark and light conditions on the callus cultured in MS medium with combinations of 0.1-1.0 mg/L IBA and zeatin for 6 weeks were studied. Callus formation was most effective (>+++) in the medium with a combination of 1.0 mg/L NAA and 1.0 mg/L zeatin. A high number of long adventitious roots were observed in the mediums with 0.1 mg/L IBA (6.66 and 4.82 cm) and 0.5 mg/L zeatin (2.32 and 0.72 cm) among auxins and cytokinins, respectively. The highest number (14.06) of adventitious roots were formed from the callus cultured in light in the MS medium combined with 0.1 mg/L IBA and 0.5 mg/L zeatin. This same medium induced the formation of the longest adventitious root (5.45 cm) in the dark. Thus, optimization of in vitro culture conditions may be possible for the mass propagation of adventitious roots in peonies.