• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.37-43
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• 2013

In this paper, an UWB (Ultra Wide Band) band-pass filter with open stubs using SIR (Stepped Impedance Resonator) structure is presented. The proposed band pass filter (BPF) has SIR structure instead of open stubs for UWB application with low insertion loss. The bandwidth of the proposed BPF is 103 % at the center frequency of 5.8GHz and the insertion and return losses are 0.17dB and 13.1dB, respectively. Also, the entire size of the proposed band-pass filter is $21.6{\times}17.8mm^2$.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1999.06a
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• pp.914-917
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• 1999

The paper describes a 17 $\times$ 17-b multiplier using the Radix-4 Booth’s algorithm. which is suitable for 32-bit RISC/DSP microprocessors. To minimize design area and achieve improved speed, a 2-stage pipeline structure is adopted to achieve high clock frequency. Each part of circuit is modeled and optimized at the transistor level, verification of functionality and timing is performed using HSPICE simulations. After modeling and validating the circuit at transistor level, we lay it out in a 0.35 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ 1-poly 4-metal CMOS technology and perform LVS test to compare the layout with the schematic. The simulation results show that maximum frequency is 330MHz under worst operating conditions at 55$^{\circ}C$ , 3V, The post simulation after layout results shows 187MHz under worst case conditions. It contains 9, 115 transistors and the area of layout is 0.72mm by 0.97mm.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 2016

The mannanase-producing bacteria, designated YJ17, was isolated from spent mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) substrates. The isolate YJ17 was a facultative anaerobic and was grown at temperatures ranging from $20^{\circ}C$ to $50^{\circ}C$ with an optimal temperature of $40^{\circ}C$. The DNA G+C content of the YJ17 was 44 mol%. The major fatty acids were anteiso-15:0 (38.9%), 17:0 (7.6%), and iso-15:0 (36.5%). The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between the isolate YJ17 and other Bacillus strains was from 98% to 99%. In the phylogenetic analysis based on these sequences, the isolate YJ17 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens clustered within a group together and separated from other species of Bacillus. Based on the physiological and molecular properties, the isolate YJ17 was classified within the genus Bacillus as B. amyloliquefaciens YJ17. The optimal pH and temperature for mannanase activity of B. amyloliquefaciens YJ17 were pH 7.0 and $50^{\circ}C$, respectively.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.873-876
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• 2005

A low noise amplifier(LNA) using electro-magnetic field simulator is designed in standard 0.25um CMOS process. Integrated spiral inductor is simulated using EM field solver. Then LNA is simulated with active device, capacitor and simulated inductor by EM field solver. A S11 and S21 of -15.45dB and 17.8dB at 2.3GHz as simulation results was achieved. A Noise Figure is 2.92dB. And Measurements show a S11 and S21 of -12.4dB and 17.8dB at 2.3GHz. A Noise Figure of 3.3dB was achieved.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.219-224
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• 2012

In the present study, changes in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the diffusion-weighted images in the normal livers were investigated using changes in b values in 1.5 T MR (magnetic resonance) instruments. Respective diffusion-weighted images and ADC map images were obtained from 20 healthy individuals by increasing b values from 50 to 400 and 800 $s/mm^2$ using 1.5T MR scanner between January 2011 and November 2011. At each ADC map image obtained at each b value, ADCs in the right hepatic lobe, spleen and kidney were measured. As a result, ADCs of the right hepatic lobe, spleen and kidney have gradually decreased in the diffusion-weighted images in accordance with the reduced b value. This outcome may be used as preliminary data for applications to various abdominal diseases.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.219-240
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• 2009

Since NF-${\kappa}B$ has been identified as a transcription factor associated with immune cell activation, groups of researchers have dedicated to reveal detailed mechanisms of nuclear factor of ${\kappa}B$ (NF-${\kappa}B$) in inflammatory signaling for decades. The various molecular components of NF-${\kappa}B$ transcription factor pathway have been being evaluated as important therapeutic targets due to their roles in diverse human diseases including inflammation, cystic fibrosis, sepsis, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, atherosclerosis, ischemic injury, myocardial infarction, osteoporosis, transplantation rejection, and neurodegeneration. With regards to new drugs directly or indirectly modulating the NF-${\kappa}B$ pathway, FDA recently approved a proteasome inhibitor bortezomib for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Many pharmaceutical companies have been trying to develop new drugs to inhibit various kinases in the NF-${\kappa}B$ signaling pathway for many therapeutic applications. However, a gene knock-out study for $IKK{\beta}$ in the NF-${\kappa}B$ pathway has given rise to controversies associated with efficacy as therapeutics. Mice lacking hepatocyte $IKK{\beta}$ accelerated cancer instead of preventing progress of cancer. However, it is clear that pharmacological inhibition of $IKK{\beta}$ appears to be beneficial to reduce HCC. This article will update issues of the NF-${\kappa}B$ pathway and inhibitors regulating this pathway.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.27.1-27.9
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• 2019

Supernumerary B chromosomes were found in Lilium amabile (2n = 2x = 24), an endemic Korean lily that grows in the wild throughout the Korean Peninsula. The extra B chromosomes do not affect the host-plant morphology; therefore, whole transcriptome analysis was performed in 0B and 1B plants to identify differentially expressed genes. A total of 154,810 transcripts were obtained from over 10 Gbp data by de novo assembly. By mapping the raw reads to the de novo transcripts, we identified 7,852 differentially expressed genes (log₂FC > |10|), in which 4,059 and 3,794 were up-and down-regulated, respectively, in 1B plants compared to 0B plants. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that various differentially expressed genes were involved in cellular processes including the cell cycle, chromosome breakage and repair, and microtubule formation; all of which may be related to the occurrence and maintenance of B chromosomes. Our data provide insight into transcriptomic changes and evolution of plant B chromosomes and deliver an informative database for future study of B chromosome transcriptomes in the Korean lily.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.109 no.4
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• pp.413-420
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• 2020

We analyzed the growth characteristics of each cell line and acclimating substrate of Larix kaempferi plantlets regenerated from somatic embryos, with the goal of increasing the survival rate during the acclimation phase. Somatic embryos from three embryogenic cell lines (L14-66, L16-18, and L17-B4) were used, and the acclimating substrates were commercial soils for Larix species (Larix-Soil) and horticultural corps (Hort-Soil), Elle-pot, and Peat-plug. The average initial shoot and root length was shortest in L14-66 and longest in L17-B4. The average survival rate by cell line was highest (87.0%) in L17-B4 and lowest (64.3%) for L14-66. Survival rates by substrate were highest in Elle-pot (88.5%) and Peat-plug (88.9%). The initial shoot length of the L14-66 plantlets was highly correlated with survival rates in the Larix-Soil (r = 0.852), Hort-Soil (r = 0.692), and Elle-pot (r = 0.867) substrates, but not in Peat-plug with high total nitrogen content. The initial shoot length of the L17-B4 plantlets was not correlated with the survival rate in any of the substrates. The initial root length of the L14-66 plantlets was highly related to survival rates in the Larix-Soil (r = 0.986), Elle-pot (r = 0.846), and Peat-plug (r = 0.802) substrates, and the survival rate of the plantlets was higher as the initial root length was longer. The initial root length of the L17-B4 plantlets was related to survival rate only in the Larix-Soil (r = 0.896) and Elle-pot (r = 0.696) substrates. In conclusion, to increase the survival rate of plantlets, root length should be considered over shoot length, and it is recommended to use substrates with high nitrogen content, such as Peat-plug, or to add fertilizer, during the acclimating process. In addition, in order to increase the survival rate, lines with high initial growth should be developed.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.608-612
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• 2002

The twelve-protostane analogues were synthesized from alisol B 23-acetate and assessed for their in vitro antitumor activity against six different human and murine tumor cell lines. Of the compounds synthesized, 23S-acetoxy-24R(25)-epoxy-11$\beta$,23S-dihydroxyprotost-13(17)-en-3-hy-droxyimine (12) exhibited significant cytotoxic activities against A549, SK-OV3, B16-F10, and HT1080 tumor cells with $ED_{50}/$ values of 10.0, 8.7 ,5.2, and 3.1 ${\mu}g$/ml, respectively. Furthermore, 23S-acetoxy-13(17),24R(25)-diepoxy-11$\beta$-hydroxyprotost-3-one (5), 13(17),24R(25)-diepoxy-11$\beta$, 23S-dihydroxyprotostan-3-one (6), 24R,25-epoxy-11$\beta$,23S-dihydroxyprotost-13(17)-en-3-one (7), and 11$\beta$,23S,24R,25-tetrahydroxyprotost-13(17)-en-3-one (9) showed moderate cytotoxic activities against 816-F10 and HT1080 tumor cells. These results mean that a hydroxyimino group at C-3 position in the protostane-type terpene enhances cytotoxic activity.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.440-447
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• 2016

Faced with the recent global economic recession, academics looked to the industrial B2B and B2C markets as potential new growth engines. In the B2B market, focusing on the relationship with customers, the relationship benefits are important, and institutional factors will affect the relationship and relationship values with customers. In this study, the relationship values between South Korea and Taiwan are compared by considering their national characteristics. By applying a mixed research method based on sequential exploratory design, 6 relationship values (supplier knowhow, service support, time to market, delivery performance, personal interaction, and product quality) are extracted. In particular, South Korea and Taiwan give priority to supplier knowhow and service support, respectively. Our research findings have both theoretical and practical implications for other emerging countries, as well as developed countries.