• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.69-79
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to monitor the pesticide residues in frozen fruits and vegetables distributed and sold in online and offline markets in Korea. For the study, 107 samples of 34 types of frozen fruits and vegetables were examined, and a total of 341 pesticide residues were analyzed by using multiclass pesticide multi-residue methods of the Korean Food Code. As a result, pesticide residues were detected from 16 of 64 frozen fruits samples and 15 of 43 frozen vegetables samples. Conclusively, residues were detected from 31 samples in total, showing a detection rate of 29.0%. Specifically, pyridaben exceeded the Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) based on the Positive list system (PLS) in one of the frozen radish leaves, and the violation rate was 0.9%. Detection on frozen fruits and vegetables was made 23 times for 11 types and 36 times for 21 types. In total, 28 types of pesticide residues were detected 59 times. Fungicides were detected the most in frozen fruits, while insecticides were detected the most in frozen vegetables. The most detected pesticides were the insecticide, acaricide chlorfenapyr (5) and the fungicide boscalid (5). Chlorfenapyr was detected only in frozen vegetables, and boscalid was detected in frozen fruits except one.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.131-140
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• 2005

This study was conducted to compare cold tolerances and growth rates of 5 basic species, commercial lines, and breeding lines of zoysiagrass. Total 41 zoysiagrasses were tested at the northern part (Jeokseong-myeon) and the middle part (Cheonan) of South Korea. Cold tolerance (survival rate during winter), growth rate, green-up speed, and density data were collected visually. Four types of zoysiagrasses (Z. matrella, Z. tenuifolia, USm, and S4M2) with genetic characteristics of Z. matrella died during winter cold, while the others survived. Midium leaf type zoysiagrasses, such as Anyang1, Samdeock1, Anyang2, SJ21, and Pyeongdong, with genetic characteristics of both Z. sinica and Z. macrostachya showed vigorous growth rate one year after planting at the northern part (Jeokseong-myeon). Twenty nine ($70.7\%$) zoysiagrasses showed vigorous growth rate, but the other twelve ($29.3\%$) zoysiagrasses died by cold and drought condition at the middle (Cheonan) part of S. Korea. Anyang2, AJ9-7, Samdeock1, Samdeock2, Samdeock3, and Zenith-C showed vigorous growth rate even though cold and drought environmental condition were artificially provided at these region. But, SJ2-19, NSm, 88Mey, 88Mey-7S, 88Mey-9S, SJ2l-10, ASm, and DBm which did not die at the northern part, showed serious injury at the middle part of S. korea. From this results, we can conclude that drought is as important factor as low temperature for zoysiagrasses during winter.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.36 no.10 s.420
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• pp.79-82
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• 2004

올해는 1994년 이후 10여 년만에 가장 무더운 여름을 보내면서 우리 양계업자들은 엄청난 생산성 저하의 어려움을 겪었을 것으로 생각된다. 육계농장에서는 출하일자 지연과 큰 닭들의 폐사로 인하여 닭값은 2,000원대가 형성되었고 종계장에서는 산란율 저하와 수정율 저하, 일부 종계장에서는 수 백수부터 수 천수의 폐사까지 이어져 병아리값의 강세가 장기간 지속되었다. 이렇듯 우리나라 양계의 경기는 외적인 환경의 영향으로 경기의 상황이 바뀌는 경우를 늘상 경험해 왔다. 이것은 수요에 비하여 공급의 부족이냐 과잉이냐에 따른 양적인 영향으로 결정 되어왔다. 하지만 오늘날의 유행처럼 사용되는 식품에서의 웰빙 바람과 같이 안전하고 위생적인 식품생산이 아니고는 앞으로는 그 어떠한 식품관련 사업도 살아남기 어려울 것이다. 특히 안전하고 깨끗한 닭고기 생산에 있어서 가장 기초가 되는 것이 바로 양질의 위생적이고 우량한 병아리 생산일 것이다. 본고에서는 양질의 병아리 생산을 위한 육용종계 관리에 있어서 병아리 생산과 직접적으로 관련된 산란기관리에 초점을 맞추어 기술하고자 한다.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.276-283
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• 2014

This study was conducted in order to investigate the distribution pattern of weeds on upland crop field in northern Gyeonggi-do. The weeds were summarized as 201 taxa including 42 families, 129 genera, 178 species, 1 subspecies, 21 varieties and 1 form. One hundred and thirty one species were classified to annual plants, accounting for 65.1% and 70 species were classified to perennials, accounting for the rest of 34.9%. Compositae was dominant family (21%), followed by Gramineae (12%), Polygonaceae (7%) and Brassicaceae (5%). Among the weeds appearing in the fields of northern Gyeonggi-do, the invasive weeds were classified to 62 species in18 families. The most dominant weed species in the fields were Portulaca oleracea, followed by Echinochloa crus-galli, Amaranthus lividus. Detrended correspondence analysis for investigation of occurrence pattern of weeds by crops revealed the occurrence pattern of weed species in adlay field were different from those in other crop fields. This information could be useful for establishment of weed control methods in northern Gyeonggi-do.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.606-610
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• 2010

A new cultivars Dendranthema grandiflourm 'Dream Moon' was developed at Gyeonggi-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services (GARES), Korea in 2008. The cultivar 'Dream Moon' was derived from a cross between 'Patra', a spray cultivar with yellow single type, and 'Sei-rosa', a spray cultivar with pink single type in 2005. The cultivar has single type flowers with pink petals. Trial evaluation was conducted from 2006 to 2008 for a shading cultivation in summer and a retarding cultivation in spring. The flowering time of 'Dream Moon' is late October, and year-round flowering is possible by shade or light treatment. The diameter of flower is 56.0 mm. Numbers of flowers per stem and petals per flower are 16.4 and 24.6, respectively. After investing of specific characters from 2006 to 2008, it was finally selected and named 'Dream Moon'. It has resistance to white rust and the vase life is about 20.7days in autumn season.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.284-291
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• 2014

We surveyed the distribution of exotic weeds in the 350 upland crop fields of Gyeonggi-do. The exotic weeds were summarized as 78 taxa including 19 families, 52 genera, 74 species and 4 varieties. Among the total exotic weeds, the summer annuals were 48.7%, the winter annuals 28.2%, and the perennials 23.1%. Compositae was dominant family (32%), followed by Gramineae (8%), Polygonaceae (8%) and Malvaceae (7%). Dominant exotic weeds in northern Gyeonggi-do were Amaranthus lividus, Ambrosia trifida, Chenopodium album, Bidens frondosa and Erigeron Canadensis, and in southern Gyeonggi-do were Chenopodium album, Erigeron Canadensis, Erigeron annuus, Taraxacum officinale and Galinsoga ciliate. The most dominant exotic weeds in the Gyeonggi-do were Chenopodium album, followed by Amaranthus blitum, Erigeron canadensis. Canonical correspondence analysis for investigation of correlation between exotic weeds occurred in northern and southern Gyeonggi-do showed that the exotic weeds in northern Gyeonggi-do were more diverse then in southern Gyeonggi-do. This information could be useful for establishment of exotic weed control methods in Gyeonggi-do.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.217-224
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• 2019

Phthalates, endocrine disrupting chemicals, are similar in structure to sex hormones and mainly show reproductive toxicity and developmental toxicity. In this study, we analyzed 11 phthalates, including 3 kinds of phthalates prohibited in cosmetic use and 8 kinds of phthalates regulated in 'Common standards for children's products safety' and EU cosmetic regulation (EC No. 1223/2009). The phthalate analysis was optimized using GC-MS/MS. In analytical method validation, this method was satisfied in specificity, linearity, recovery rate, accuracy and MQL. Therefore, we used this method to analyze 82 products of Nail cosmetics & polish. Although six phthalates such as DBP, BBP, DEHP, DPP, DIBP and DIDP were detected at concentrations of $1.0{\sim}59.8{\mu}g/g$g, they were suitable to Korean cosmetic standards. DIBP and DBP were detected at concentration of $1.1{\sim}2.6{\mu}g/g$ in artificial nail, DBP and DEHP were $1.4{\sim}2.5{\mu}g/g$ in glue for nails, and DIBP, DBP, and DEHP were $2.5{\sim}33.3{\mu}g/g$ in nail stickers. Although substances such as DBP and DEHP in artificial nail, Glue for nails, and nail stickers were detected, they were suitable to 'Common safety standards for children's products. DIBP is not a regulated substance in Korea but showed the third highest detection rate following DBP (84.6%) and DEHP (63.4%). The concentration of phthalates detected in nail products is considered to be safe in current standards but continuous monitoring and research about non-regulated substances are also needed to be considered.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.483-488
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• 2023

The status of residual pesticides was investigated in four pepper seed oil samples and 36 pepper-flavored oil samples oil distributed on the market from August to December 2022. A total of 179 pesticides were monitored in 40 samples, and 14 pesticides were detected in 39 of the samples, with a detection range of 0.01-2.16 mg/kg. In chili seed oil, 10 pesticides were detected 27 times with a range of 0.11-2.16 mg/kg, and in pepper-flavored oil, 9 pesticides were detected 94 times with a range of 0.01-0.80 mg/kg. The most frequently detected pesticides were tebuconazole, ethion, and difenoconazole, with ethion being detected in large concentrations in products using Chinese raw materials. Ethion, an unregistered pesticide in the Republic of Korea, has not been detected in the Gyeonggi-do area in the past 10 years. It is thought that the detection of ethion can be utilized as an indicator of products made in China. Peppers are a representative agricultural product for which many pesticides are used, and if the pesticides transferred to pepper seeds are not removed, the probability of detecting various types of pesticides in pepper seed oil is very high. Therefore, continuous research is needed to ensure the safety of pepper seed oil.

• Journal of Apiculture
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.27-39
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• 2017

PCR-chip-based ultra-rapid multiplex PCRs for detection of six major infectious pathogens in honeybee were developed. The 6 kinds of major infectious pathogens in honeybee included Paenibacillus larvae causing American Foulbrood, Melissococcus plutonius causing European Foulbrood as bacteria, Ascosphaera apis (Chalkbrood), Aspergillus flavus (Stonebrood), Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae (Nosemosis) as fungi. The developed PCR-chip-based ultra-rapid multiplex PCR showed successful amplification for all six major pathogens in the presence of more than $10^3$ molecules. The time for confirming amplification (Threshold cycles; Ct-time) was about 7 minutes for two species, and about 9 minutes for four species. Total 40 cycles of PCR took 11 minutes 42 seconds and time for melting point analysis was 1 minute 15 seconds. Total time for whole PCR detection was estimated 12 minutes 57 seconds (40 cycles of PCR and melting point analysis). PCR-chip based ultra-rapid multiplex PCR using standard DNA substrates showed close to 100% accuracy and no false-amplification was found with honeybee genomic DNA. Ultra-rapid multiplex PCR is expected to be a fast and efficient pathogen detection method not only in the laboratory but also in the apiary field.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.145-149
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• 2023

This study was conducted to reduce the phenomenon of the biased cultivation of certain mushroom varieties and to develop a competitive variety of Pleurotus nebrodensis. We have collected and tested characteristics of genetic resources from domestic and overseas varieties since 2015. We bred the domestic variety 'Boram'. The optimal temperature was 26~29℃ for mycelial growth and 15~18℃ for fruit body growth temperature. This variety was similar to the control variety (Uram) in terms of the number of cultivation days and yield per bottle. The shape of the new cultivar was round, whereas that of the control group was spatula-like. The yield was 181.1 g/bottle, which was statistically similar to that of the control variety. When incubating the parent and control varieties, the replacement line was clear. Moreover, polymerase chain reaction analysis of mycelial DNA resulted in different band patterns between the parent and control varieties, confirming the hybrid species.