• Nonlinear Functional Analysis and Applications
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.623-646
• /
• 2023

In this article, we introduce the hyperbolic space version of a faster iterative algorithm. The proposed iterative algorithm is used to approximate the common fixed point of three multi-valued almost contraction mappings and three multi-valued mappings satisfying condition (E) in hyperbolic spaces. The concepts weak w²-stability involving three multi-valued almost contraction mappings are considered. Several strong and △-convergence theorems of the suggested algorithm are proved in hyperbolic spaces. We provide an example to compare the performance of the proposed method with some well-known methods in the literature.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.55 no.7
• /
• pp.2366-2372
• /
• 2023

Are borate and silicate glasses suitable for working as shieling materials against fast neutrons? To correctly answer the above question, some silicate, and borate-based glasses were fabricated and irradiated with various doses of fast neutrons varied between 1.73 and 12.10 MGy. The color and hardness of the fabricated glasses were affected by the fast neutron fluence where the transparent glasses turned colored as well as the hardness of the fabricated glasses was decreased. The gamma-ray spectrometric analysis shows a high activity concentration produced in the barium borate glasses due to the formation of radioisotopes Ba-131 and Ba-133 reaches to 5.92E+05 Bq and 4.25E+03 Bq, respectively for sample Cd-5 Batch 3. Additionally, the gamma-ray spectrometric analysis for the sodium silicate glasses shows low activity concentrations emitted from isotopes formed due to the activation of Y₂O₃-associated impurities. These activities are low compared to that emitted by barium borate-based glasses.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.35 no.10
• /
• pp.712-723
• /
• 2002

Substantial alterations in cerebral blood flow(CBF) are known to occur during cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB). Many investigators have speculated that these changes may be responsible for both minor and major cerebral damages after CPB. More recently, these changes in CBF have been observed to be intimately related to the arterial carbon dioxide tension(Pa$CO_2$) maintained during CPB. The present study was prospectively designed to investigate the clinical effects of normocapnic and hypercapnic CPB on the cerebral oxygen metabolism in cardiac surgery Material and Method: Thirty-six adult patients scheduled for elective cardiac surgery were randomized to either normocapnic group (Pa$CO_2$35~40 mmHg, n＝18) or hypercapnic group(Pa$CO_2$, 45~55 mmHg, n＝18) with moderately hypothermic nonpulsatile CPB(nasopharyngeal temperature of 29~3$0^{\circ}C$). In each patient, middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity( $V_{MCA}$), cerebral arteriovenous oxygen content difference (C(a-v) $O_2$), cerebral oxygen extraction(COE), cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen(CMR $O_2$), cerebral oxygen transport( $T_{E}$ $O_2$), $T_{E}$ $O_2$/CMR $O_2$ ratio, cerebral desaturation(internal jugular bulb blood oxygen saturation $\leq$ 50%), and arterial and jugular bulb blood gas were evaluated throughout the operation. Postoperative neuropsychologic complications were assessed in all patients. All variables were compared between the two groups. Result: VMCA(169.13 $\pm$ 8.32 vs 153.11 $\pm$8.98%), TE $O_2$(1,911.17$\pm$250.14 vs 1,757.40$\pm$249.56), $T_{E}$ $O_2$,/CMR $O_2$ ratio(287.38$\pm$28.051 vs 246.77$\pm$25.84), $O_2$ tension in internal jugular bulb (41.66$\pm$9.19 vs 31.50$\pm$6.09 mmHg), and $O_2$saturation in internal jugular bulb(68.97$\pm$10.96 vs 58.12$\pm$12.11%) during CPB were significantly lower in normocapnic group(p＝0.03), whereas hypercapnic group had lower C(a-v) $O_2$(3.9$\pm$0.3 vs 4.9$\pm$0.3 mL/dL), COE(0.3$\pm$0.03 vs 0.4$\pm$0.03), CMR $O_2$(5.8 $\pm$0.5 vs 6.8$\pm$0.6), and arterial blood pH(7.36$\pm$0.09 vs 7.46$\pm$0.07, p＝0.04) during CPB. Hypercapnic group had lower incidence of cerebral desaturation than normocapnic group(3 vs 9 patients, p=0.03). Duration of the neuropsychologic complication(delirium) were shorter in hypercapnic group than in normocapnic group(36 vs 60 hrs, p＝0.009). Conclusion: These findings suggest that hypercapnic CPB may have salutary effects on the cerebral oxygen metabolism and postoperative neurologic outcomes in cardiac surgery.surgery.

• LP가스
• /
• s.83
• /
• pp.40-42
• /
• 2003

민관 합동으로 구성된 경유차 환경위원회는 '03.2.6 환경정책평가연구원에서 "경유차 대기오염 저감대책 공개토론회"를 개최하고 에너지가격체계 조정 등 경유차 대기오염 저감대책을 발표했다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.561-562
• /
• 2010

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.555-556
• /
• 2010

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.547-548
• /
• 2010

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.543-544
• /
• 2010

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.731-734
• /
• 2010

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.753-756
• /
• 2010