• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.439-444
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• 2019

In this study, the radiation protection effects of selenium, known as a powerful antioxidant, were studied. After 14 days of oral injection of selenium into the rat, a full body irradiation of 10 Gy was carried out. And after 1 day, 3.5 day, 7 day and 21 day, we observed blood cell components and superoxide dismutase(SOD) and small intestine changes. Compared to irradiation groups, there was a significant protection effect of reducing the hematopoietic immune system damage in the irradiated group after selenium administration(p<0.05). Then, selenium is a valid ingredient that increases the activity of the superoxide Dismutase(SOD), and it is confirmed that it has an effect of inhibiting apoptosis expression of small intestinal cells by irradiation. Based on these results, selenium is considered to be an essential ingredient for protecting living things from radiation.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.24-32
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• 1985

The worm development and egg laying pattern of Echinostoma hortense (Trematoda; Echinosto-matidae) were studied in albino rats and the brief clinical course was observed in human volunteers. A total of 21 rats were infected with 20~69 metacercariae each and two humans were with 7 and 27 metacercariae, which were collected from the loaches. For recovery of worms, the rats were sacrificed at irregular intervals from the 6th to 150th day after infection and the human volunteers were treated with praziquantel and purged with magnesium salt on the 26~27th day. The stools of the rats and humans were examined for the eggs. The results were as follows: 1. The worm recovery rate from the rats was not affected by the increase of infection time but varied individually; 9.1~50.0% (31.1 % in average). From humans, 14.3% and 37.0% (32.4% in average) of challenged were recovered. 2. In the rats, it was revealed that the worms rapidly grew for the first 14 days to become 7.59mm in average length and 1.17mm in average width but the growth became much slower thereafter until the 150th day; 7.95mm in length on the 21 th day, 9.04mm on the 28th day, 10.21mm on the 49th day and 12. 62mm on the 150th day. During the early stage of infection, the growth of genital organs (male or female) was expressed as sigmoid curves whereas non-genital organs (such as suckers) was simply as straight lines. 3. The prepatent period of this fluke was 10~12 days in the rats and 16~17 days in men. After the start of oviposition, the egg production by the worms remarkably increased, reached maximum on the 32~33th day, followed by decrease thereafter. The maximum value of E.P.G./worm was 390. 4. The major subjective symptoms in human volunteers were abdominal pain and diarrhea during the early stage of infection. The results show that human is as susceptible as the rats to E. hortense infection and the amount of egg production in the rats is greatly affected by the age of worms.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.47-58
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• 1985

An experimental study was performed to observe the in vivo effects of praziquantel on the light and scanning electron microscopic morphology of Fibricola seoulensis. The metacercariae were obtained from the snakes and 1, 000 in each number was orally given to total 15 albino rats; 5 controls and 10 treatment group. Seven days later the 10 rats were treated with 10 mg/kg praziquantcl and sacrificed 1~24 hours later to search for the worms from their small intestines. The major light microscopic changes in the drug-exposed worms were early contraction followed by relaxation of especially their forebody, vacuolization of the tegument and subtegumental parenchymal layers, and narrowing of the intestinal lumens. The scanning electron microscopic findings were characterized by formation of numerous blebs followed by rupture and subsequent destruction of their whole teguments. These results show that the change in worm body is not confined to the tegument but extends to deeper parenchymal portions and also occurs in their intestines. It is suggested that the drug uptake by the worms should be either through their tegument or through the digestive tract.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.245-251
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• 2000

In order to search the target organ of cylclohexane toxicity, the rats were intraperitoneally treated with cyclohexane (1.56 g/kg of body wt.) four times every other day. In the increasing rate of organ weight per body weight (%) in cyclohexane-treated animals, the lung was highest among the liver, spleen, small intestine, stomach, heart and kidney. And in the decreasing rate of glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase) activity in each organ, that of lung was also highest among all organs. Lung MDA content was significantly increased (p<0.05) by the cyclohexane treatment. On the other hand, microsomal aniline hydroxylase activity in lung tissue both of control and cyclohexane-treated rats was greatly low as could be scarcely measured, but that in liver possessing high activity was significantly increased (p<0.05) in cyclohexane-treated rats compared with control. Alcohol dehydrogenase activity in lung was markedly higher than that of liver and the latter was significantly (p<0.05) increased by the cyclohexane treatment. In conclusion, cyclohexane treatment to the rats showed mainly lung toxicity and it may be responsible for cyclohexanon, cyclohexane metabolite, distributed from liver.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.217-226
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• 1991

Three morphological types of the genus Metagonimus were found encysted in the dace, Tribolodon tacganowskii, caught from the Sumjin River, Korea. They include Metagonimus Yokogawa type (M. yokogawai) , Miyata type, and Koga type according to Saito's classification. The metacercariae were experimentally fed to rats and hamsters and a total of 1,624 Metagonimus worms were recovered from their small intestine. The number of each type was 820 for Yokogawa type, 688 for Miyata type, 46 for Koga type, and 70 undetermined. The major differential keys between Yokogawa and Miyata types were in the position of two testes, distribution of uterine tubules, and size of the eggs, and the keys between Miyata and Koga types were in the position of two testes, distribution of vitelline follicles, and size of the eggs. The validity of Miyata type as a specific level should be retained until more convincing evidences are obtained. Koga type is regarded as a synonym of M. takahashii. The present results reveal that there are 3 morphological types of Metagonimus whose larvae are encysted in the dace, T. tacganowskii, from the Sumjin River. Key words: Metagcnimus yokogawai, morphological types, rats, hamsters, dace ( Tribolodon tacxanowskii) , Sumjin Rver.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.42 no.8
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• pp.740-749
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• 2009

The objectives of this study was to determine whether a new physically modified cornstarch by ultra-fine- or nanoscale pulverizer to reduce particle size offers better bioactive function than native cornstarch in weanling Sprague-Dawley rats. Male weaning Sprague-Dawley rats were fed diets containing native cornstarch (NAC), ultra fine pulverized cornstarch (UFC) or nano-scale pulverized cornstarch (NSC) for 4 weeks. In vitro rate of starch hydrolysis, growth performance, organ weight, intestine length intestinal proliferation and the fermentation by Bifidobacterium of rat cecum were evaluated. The diet with reduced particle size (UFC or NSC) significantly increased body weight gain and organ weight. Feed efficiency was increased in NSC fed rats and was not affected in UFC fed rats. Intestinal proliferation was decreased in NSC group. Reduction of particle size also increased cecal short chain fatty acid concentration and the growth and acidifying activity of Bifidobacterium. It is concluded that a reduction of particle size of starch granules by physically modification may increase growing performance and gut function.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 1993

The histological change of the billary mucosa in clonorchiasis is characterized as adenomatous hyperplasia, and cross-sectioned mucosa looks like intestinal mucosa. In addition to the glandular hyperplasla, the metaplasia of mucin secreting cells is also known. The present study investigated the presence of intestinal secretion from the biliary mucosal cells of rabbits and rats with Clonorchis sinensis infection. The rabbit was infected with 300 and the rat was infected with 100 metacercariae of C. sinensif. A part of the animals were followed up after praziquantel treatment. The rabbit livers were prepared for histochemistry to observe any endocrine secretion and the bile duct mucosa of the mice was processed far the activity of brush border membrane (BBM)-bound enzymes of the small intestine. Immunohistochemistry with the polyclonal antibodies and biotin-streptavidin-peroxidase staining kit showed no positive cells for gastrin and secretin, but a few cells were positive for serotonin. The proliferated billiw mucosa of the mice revealed no activity of dissaccharidases and aminopeptidase. Only alkaline phosphatase activity was found both in the control and the infected. The hyperplastic billary mucosal cells showed no gastrointestinal secretory functions. The serotonin secreting cells may be one of the inflammatory cells.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

항혈소판제인 티크로피딘과 항고혈압제인 니칼디핀과의 약동학적 상호작용 연구를 위하여 티크로피딘 (3 또는 10 mg/kg)과 니칼디핀의 경구 (4 mg/kg) 및 정맥 (12 mg/kg) 투여하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 연구방법: 티크로피딘이 cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 활성과 P-glycoprotein (P-gp)의 활성에 미치는 영향도 평가하였다. 결 과: 티크로피딘과 니칼디핀의 병용투여 시 티크로피딘이 니칼디핀의 약물동태 파라미터에 미치는 결과는 다음과 같다. 티크로피딘은 CYP3A4 효소의 활성을 저해 하였으나 P-gp활성에는 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 니칼디핀의 혈중농도곡선하면적 (AUC)는 대조군에 비해 티크로피딘 10 mg/kg 병용투여군에서 유의성 (p < 0.05)있게 증가되었다. 상대적 생체이용률 (RB)은 티크로피딘 병용투여군에서 115-143%로 증가하였다. 결 론: 본 논문에서 흰쥐에 티크로피딘과 니칼디핀을 병용경구투여 시 니칼디핀의 생체이용률 (bioavailability)이 유의성 (p < 0.05)있게 증가된 것은 티크로피딘이 대사효소인 CYP3A4를 억제하여 소장과 간장에서 초회통과효과 (first-pass metabolism)를 감소 시켰기 때문인 것으로 사료된다. 본 실험결과를 토대로 인체에서 티크로피딘과 니칼디핀의 상호작용을 검토한 후 투여용량을 조절하는 것이 바람직하다고 사료된다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 1973

The author studied ed the effect of ethionine upon the absorption epithelium of ileum with particular ettention to the endoplasmic reticulum. Five tenth per cent of DL-ethionine was added to the diet of the experimental group rats and they were sacrificed after 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks. respectively. The ileum were observed by the electron microscope. The results obtained were summarized as follow: The changes were detachment of membrane bound ribosome, dilatation of endoplasmic reticulum, decrease of polysome with reciprocal increase of monosome, and dilatation of Golgi complex. These changes were occured at 2 nd to 3 rd week from start of ethionine feeding and more severe at fouth week. These observation suggested that ethionine induced degenerative changes of the organelles.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.171-176
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• 2003

In the study of general pharmacological action, we tested effect on spontaneous momentum, phenobarbital sleeping times, secretion of gastric juice, body temperature and movement of small intestine, etc. Using Pleurospermum kamtschaticum, Angelica tenuissima, Angelica gigas and Zanthoxylum schinifolium as samples to estimate adverse effects. In the study of general pharmacological action to estimate adverse effects, we observed no side effects of sample-treated groups against the control group.