• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.679-686
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• 2018

A new dust cleaning vehicle is needed to remove fine and ultra-fine particulate matter in subway tunnels. Therefore, the recently developed tunnel cleaning vehicle is equipped with an efficient suction system and cyclone-based prefilter to handle ultra-fine particles. To treat various sizes of particulate matter with an underbody suction system, this paper proposes a cyclone-based prefilter in the suction system and validates the dust removal efficiency through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis using ANSYS FLUENT. Using the created surface and volume mesh, various particle sizes, materials, and fan flow rates, the particles were tracked in the flow with a discrete phase model. As a result, the dust cleaning vehicle at a normal operational speed of 5km/h requires at least a fan flow rate of $1500m^3/min$ and 100mm of suction inlet height from the tunnel track floor. Those suction modules and cyclone-based prefilters in the dust cleaning vehicle reduces the dust accumulation load of the electric precipitator and helps remove the accumulated fine and ultra-fine dust in the subway tunnel.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.500-506
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• 2012

A method to model left ventricular assist device (LVAD) and detect suction occurrence for safe LVAD operation is presented. An axial flow blood pump as a LVAD has been used to assist patient with heart problems. While an axial flow blood pump, a kind of a non-pulsatile pump, has relative advantages of small size and efficiency compared to pulsatile devices, it has a difficulty in determining a safe pump operating condition. It can show different pump operating statuses such as a normal status and a suction status whether suction occurs in left ventricle or not. A fuzzy subtractive clustering method is used to determine a model of the axial flow blood pump with this pump operating characteristic and the developed pump model can provide blood flow estimates before and after suction occurrence in left ventricle. Also, a fuzzy subtractive clustering method is utilized to develop a suction detection model which can identify whether suction occurs in left ventricle or not.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.39 no.10
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• pp.795-803
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• 2015

The boundary layer developing over the suction surface of a first-stage turbine blade for power generation has been investigated in this study. For three locations selected in the region where local thermal load changes dramatically, mean velocity, turbulence intensity, and one-dimensional energy spectrum are measured with a hot-wire anemometer. The results show that the suction-surface boundary layer suffers a transition from a laminar flow to a turbulent one. This transition is confirmed to be a "separated-flow transition", which usually occurs in the shear layer over a separation bubble. The local minimum thermal load on the suction surface is found at the initiation point of the transition, whereas the local maximum thermal load is observed at the location of very high near-wall turbulence intensity after the transition process. Frequency characteristics of turbulent kinetic energy before and after the transition are understood clearly from the energy spectrum data.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.72-78
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• 2019

Inlet hammershock is the critical loads condition for designing the inlet duct structure of a fighter. The sudden flow reduction in engine compressor causes inlet hammershock with high pressure. The traditional method was used to combine extreme conditions (maximum speed, sea level altitude, and cold day) to analyze this compression wave inlet hammershock pressure. However, after the 90s there have been papers that presented the probabilistic approach for the inlet hammershock to achieve the appropriate design pressure. This study shows how to analyze the inlet hammershock pressure by making practical use of the Republic of Korea Air Force real flight usage data under probabilistic approach and then analyze approximately 30% decreased inlet hammershock pressure compared with the traditional valve.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2019

An intake of Aircraft becomes S-shaped geometry due to spatial limitation or procuring survivability. But curvature of the S-shaped geometry makes secondary flow or flow separation which is the cause of non-uniform pressure distribution. In this study, boundary layer suction is applied to RAE M 2129 S-Duct by attaching sub duct. Design variable is suction location and angle. A mass flow rate drawn out by suction at the sub duct outlet is constant over every model. A grid dependency test was conducted to verify validity of computation. The comparison among the CFD (Computation Fluid Dynamics), ARA experimental result, and ARA computation result of non-dimensional pressure distribution on the Port side and Starboard Side confirmed the validity of CFD. In this study, Distortion Coefficient was used for evaluating aerodynamic performance of S-Duct. The analysis, which was about flow separation, vortex, mass flow rate distribution, and pressure distribution were also investigated. Maximum 26.14% reduction in Distortion Coefficient was verified.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.103-103
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• 2016

최근 기후변화에 따른 집중호우로 도시홍수의 피해가 급격히 증가하고 있다. 특히 인구가 밀집하고 교통량이 많은 대도시의 경우 동일한 호우에 대하여 녹지나 농경지 등에 비해 그 피해가 더 심각하다. 일반적으로 홍수 피해의 직접원인은 외수로 인한 피해와 내수로 인한 피해로 크게 구분할 수 있다. 외수피해는 주로 소하천 및 지천의 범람, 제방의 붕괴 등으로 발생한 것이며 내수피해는 배수로, 하수도 및 펌프장의 내수배제능력 부족이 주된 원인이다. 따라서 도시홍수를 효과적으로 방어하기 위해서는 우선적으로 내배수시설의 성능개선이 선행되어야 할 필요가 있다. 이러한 내배수 시설의 성능 개선을 위해서는 현재 기 설치되어 있는 빗물펌프장의 설계 및 내배수 효율에 대한 성능평가가 필요하다. 하지만 현재 국내 펌프설계기준에는 빗물펌프장의 설계 및 운영에 대한 구체적인 성능 평가 방법이 제시되어 있지 않은 실정이다. 만약, 펌프 흡입수조 및 흡입파이프의 형상이 적절하게 설계되지 못한다면 물이 파이프 입구로 부드럽게 흡입되지 못하고 볼텍스 및 스월이 발생하게 된다. 이러한 볼텍스 및 스월은 펌프 입구 쪽으로 물 뿐 아니라 공기를 함께 흡입시킴으로써 펌프의 효율저하, 소음, 진동을 발생시키며 펌프 파손의 원인이 될 수 있다. 따라서 펌프를 설치하기 전 펌프 설치 후에 발생되는 펌프 흡입부 주변의 흐름특성 변화 및 흐름특성이 구조물에 미치는 영향 등을 고려하기 위하여 수리모형실험이 필요한데, 수리모형실험은 많은 시간과 비용이 들어가기 때문에 이를 대체할 수 있는 방안이 요구된다. 그런 이유로 최근에는 수리모형실험 대신 수치모의를 이용하는 경우가 많다. 수치모의의 결과는 수리실험의 결과와 비교, 검증을 거쳐 신뢰성을 얻는다. 본 연구에서는, 3차원 수치모형의 다양한 난류모델을 이용하여 흡입파이프로 물이 유입될 때 흡입부 내, 외의 수심 별 유속 변화를 분석하고, 그 결과를 이용하여 FLOW 3D 모형의 검증을 수행하였다.

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 1987

기관의 실린더 내로 흡입되는 공기의 질량이 정확히 계량 된다면 일정의 이론혼합비를 얻기 위한 연료의 분사량은 쉽게 결정될 수 있다. 그러나 현재로서는 실린더로 흡입되는 실제의 공기량을 직접적으로 측정하는 수단은 없고 다음에 설명하는 간접적인 방법으로 그 량을 측정하고 있다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.97-113
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• 1998

The sympathoadrenal system plays an important role in homeostasis in widely varing external environments. Conflicting findings, however, have been reported on its response to hypoxia. We investigated the effect of hypoxia on the sympathoadrenal system in dogs under halothane anesthesia by measuring levels of circulating catecholamines in response to graded hypoxia. Ten healthy mongreal dogs were mechanically ventilated with different hypoxic gas mixtures. Graded hypoxia and reoxygenation were induced by progressively decreasing the oxygen fraction in the inhalation gas mixture from 21%(control) to 15%, 10% and 5% at every 5 minutes, and then reoxygenated with 60% oxygen. Mean arterial pressure, central venous pressure and mean pulmonary arterial pressure were measured directly using pressure transducers. Cardiac output was measured by the thermodilutional method. For analysis of blood gas, saturation and content, arterial and mixed venous blood were sampled via the femoral and pulmonary artery at the end of each hypoxic condition. The concentration of plasma catecholamines was determined by radioenzymatic assay. According to the exposure of graded hypoxia, not only did arterial and mixed venous oxygen tension decreased markedly at 10% and 5% oxygen, but also arterial and mixed venous oxygen saturation decreased significantly. An increased trend of the oxygen extraction ratio was seen during graded hypoxia. Cardiac output, mean arterial pressure and systemic vascular resistance were unchanged or increased slightly. Pulmonary arterial pressure(PAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance(PVR) were increased by 55%, 76% in 10% oxygen and by 82%, 95% in 5% oxygen, respectively(p<0.01). The concentrations of plasma norepinephrine, epinephrine and dopamine increased by 75%, 29%, 24% in 15% oxygen and by 382%, 350%, 49% in 5% oxygen. These data suggest that the sympathetic nervous system was activated to maintain homeostasis by modifying blood flow distribution to improve oxygen delivery to tissues by hypoxia, but hemodynamic changes might be blunted by high concentration of nitrous oxide except PAP and PVR. It would be suggested that hemodynamic changes might not be sensitive index during hypoxia induced by high concentration of nitrous oxide exposure.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.1698-1703
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• 2004

To understand the high expansion effects by adopting intake closing time in the cases of compensating intake air-mass and effective compression ratio simultaneously, fundamental study was carried out by using RICEM realizing Atkinson cycle. Intake air-mass and effective compression ratio were compensated by increasing supercharged pressure and geometric compression ratio. The results showed that the increasing rates of expansion ratio and expansion-compression ratio were increased by compensating both a intake air-mass and effective compression ratio the same tendencies were obtained with the increases of compression ratio and cut off ratio It was also found that LIVC has more advantages in expansion ratio and effective work than those of EIVC under above conditions.

• Current Industrial and Technological Trends in Aerospace
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.44-54
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• 2006

초음속 또는 극초음속 비행체용 추진기관은 산화재 공급방식에 따라 공기흡입형과 로켓 그리고 이들을 혼합한 형태인 복합사이클 추진기관으로 구분할 수 있다. 그러나 재사용이 가능하다는 측면에서 미래의 추진기관들은 공기흡입형과 복합사이클 추진기관들이 주류를 이룰 것으로 예상된다. 본 논문에서는 차세대 초고속 추진기관으로 유력시 되고 있는 공기흡입형 추진기관들 중에서 램/스크램 제트 추진기관들을 중심으로 세계적인 개발동향과 기술개념을 기술하였으며 이 두 가지 추진기관들을 바탕으로 구성된 복합사이클 추진기관들에 대한 개념들을 소개하였다. 항공우주선진국들을 중심으로 차세대 고속비행체 및 고속추진기관의 실용화 개발 움직임들이 구체화 되고 있는 가운데 최근 들어 비록 미약하지만 한국항공우주연구원을 비롯한 몇 개의 기관 및 대학에서 램제트/스크램제트 추진기관에 대한 핵심 요소기술 연구들이 진행되고 있는 것은 그나마 다행이라 할 수 있으며 본 논문이 차세대 초고속 추진기관에 대한 이해를 돕는데 도움이 되기를 기대한다.