• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.32-38
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• 2000

Background and Objectives : Voice therapy has been used as a viable adjuvant to surgery and pharmacological therapy fir the management of voice disorders. The singing voice features a special brand of emotion, intensity, and energy so successful therapeutical approach requires the doctor is able to involve himself into the physical and psychic condition and artistic usage of the voice. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect and utility of singing therapy as an initial treatment for classically trained singers with voice disorders. Material and method : Twenty-one male and fifty-five female classic singers with voice disorders were treated with singing therapy. At first, abdominal breathing, resonant phonation, and relaxation method was trained, then after accessing each patient's singing abilities, treatment methods for each specific problems was applied. The results were compared according to age, sex, treatment duration, part, laryngeal pathology, patient subjective evaluation, perceptual evaluation of voice, and maximal phonation time. Results : Patients subjective evaluation, perceptual evaluation, pathologic findings of larynx, maximal phonation time showed superior results after singing therapy. Conclusion : Singing therapy changes the mode of respiration and phonation and enhances the vocal function and improves the laryngeal pathology, The result of this study indicate that singing therapy is an effective treatment method that laryngologists can use for classical singers with voice disorders.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.47-51
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• 2004

Normally, as a result of increased laryngeal growth, the male voice drops about one octave in pitch level during adolescence. Failure of the voice to drop in pitch is consider to be a clinically significant voice disorder - 'mutational dysphonia'. The aim of this article is to evaluate the changes brought about by voice therapy, using the analysis of the EGG measure from Lx Speech Studio program(Laryngograph Ltd, UK) as well as acoustic, and aerodynamic studies in 18-year-old mutational dysphonia patient. The results from the Lx Speech Studio program demonstrated bimodal distribution of DFx(Hz), DQx(%), QxFx and diplophonic characteristic. After voice therapy combined with manual compression method, the distribution of DFx, DQx, QxFx was changed uniform with a dramatic reduction of higher pitch level. In addition, this finding suggests the EGG measure helps to choice treatment options, monitor the efficacy of therapy, and estimate the prognosis of diseases.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.61-68
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• 1996

Failure to change from the higher pitched voice of preadolescence to the lower pitched voice of adolescence and adulthood is called "mutational dysphonia" The voice is weak, thin, breathy, hoarse, and mono-pitched. If the voice theraphy was failed, surgery to lower vocal pitch which is refered to thyroplasty type III, is indicated. We compared the post-op acoustic parameters with pre-op data in unilateral antero-posterior shortening of the thyroid cartilage method and bilateral antero-posterior shortening of the thyroid cartilage method each other. Bilateral antero-posterior shortening of the thyroid cartilage method shows significant drop of fundamental frequency and speaking fundamental frequency statistically than unilateral shortening method. There was no significant differences in Jitter, Shimmer, SNR, MFR and other psychoacoustic analysiss parameters between two groups. These data shows that unequal tension of the vocal cord in uilateral antero-posterior shortening of the thyroid cartilage method does not control the pitch effectively so bilatreal shortening method in Type III thyroplasty is recommandable procedure in surgery of the mutational dysphonia.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.52-55
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• 2011

Hyperfunction of the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) can cause severe dysphagia. This condition referred as cricopharyngeal dysphagia may occur after head and neck surgery due to altered muscle spasm and stenosis of the pharyngo-esophageal segment. Among various treatment options available, Botulinum toxin A (Botox) injection offers a nonsurgical treatment which is useful especially for debilitated patients, and there has been a recent increase in the clinical use of Botox by otolaryngologists for managing such conditions. A 55-year-old male with base of tongue (BOT) cancer suffered from severe dysphagia after total glossectomy and neck dissection treatment. Videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS) and flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) showed inability to pass food through the UES due to cricopharyngeal spasm. After injection of 10 U of Bot ox into each cricopharyngeus muscles (total 20 U) via EMG-guided percutaneous injection, swallowing function had improved and oral nutrition was possible, with food passing through the UES visualized on VFSS and FEES.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.49-55
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• 2020

Evaluating the patient's voice before thyroidectomy is useful for the purpose of identifying patients with vocal cord paralysis without symptoms, identifying other patient's voice abnormalities, and whether it is related to voice disorders that may occur after surgery. Also voice evaluation after thyroid surgery is helpful in diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation and follow-up of voice disorders that occur without clear nerve damage after thyroidectomy. And it is helpful for rapid recovery through active early rehabilitation treatment for patients who complain of speech impairment without paralysis. In particular, neck exercise can improve the adhesion of the surgical site and increase the range of motion of the neck as well as improve subjective neck discomfort. In addition, hearing, voice and breathing functions should be improved, and voice hygiene education and counseling should be provided. Vocal cord injection is the first treatment option for unilateral vocal cord palsy. By establishing a protocol for voice disorders before and after thyroid surgery and providing appropriate treatment, the quality of life of patients can be improved.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.188-192
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• 2022

Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) is a phenomenon that can occur due to anatomical or neurological causes of the soft palate. VPI can make the patient difficult to articulate through hypernasality and nasal emission. There has been needed the customized treatment, as VPI can occur for many causes. We present the case of 21-year-old male who took palate plastic surgery 20 years ago for congenital submucosal cleft palate. As he had poor contraction of both lateral side of velopharynx, he was diagnosed with coronal type VPI. Through sphincter pharyngoplasty, he can obtain improvement of articulation accuracy. We would like to share this challenged case.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.161-166
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• 2000

Background and Objectives : Vocal fold hemorrhage occur by blood accumulation in Reinke's space by vocal trauma. It is mostly asymptomatic, but in some cases it may cause severe dysphonia. It is often seen in patients who use their voice professionally. However, recent changes of life style affected the phonation in general population. We studied to know what are the causes and what are the major factors to affect the vocal fold hemorrhages. Materials and Methods : 19 subjects were evaluated by using of questionaire and laryngoscopic examinations. We evaluated the factors to lead the change in voice directly, underlying causes, occupations and laryngeal findings. Results : The direct causes of the vocal fold hemorrhages were clearing throat, talking, coughing and singing. Reflux laryngitis and upper respiratory infection were the underlying diseases. Vocal fold hemorrhages were developed during the menstruation in 5 patients. Accompanying functional voice disorders were seen in 13 patients, such as, vocal fold nodule, nodule with varix, vocal polyp, Reinke's edema. Patients with reflux laryngitis had the habits of clearing throat as the direct cause of the vocal fold hemorrhages and had hyperkinetic functional voice disorders. Voice abuse was the direct cause of the vocal fold hemorrhages in patients who was in the period of the menstruation. The most common site of the hemorrhage was at the membranous portion of the vocal folds. Conclusions : Authors thought the forceful laryngeal activity was the cause of the vocal fold hemorrhages. And reflux laryngitis and menstruation was the risk factors of the vocal fold hemorrhages.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.6296-6301
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• 2013

To examine the effects of voice disorders after a laryngeal injuryon the changes in stress, this study examined the effects of the changes observed in laboratory animals and on stress reduction effects, by inducing a laryngeal injury in SD type rats after administering a kudzu leaf extract, which has a sedation effect. For testing, a total of 24 rats comprising the normal group, control group and experimental groups (1 and 2 6 rats in each group) were used, and antioxidant experiments and molecular and chemical tests were conducted by administering a specified amount of kudzu teaorally once a day at a set time, 6 times per week for 5 weeks. The control group appeared to be significantly higher than the normal group (p <0.05), whereas the experimental group showed significant decreases compared to the control group (p <0.05), showing a better result than the normal group. The test results showed that the kudzu leaf extract resulted in significant changes compared to the control group. Overall, the administration of kudzu leaf extract has stress reduction effects.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.92-99
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• 2007

The posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome(PRES) is characterized clinically by a combination of acute or subacute confusion, lethargy, visual disturbance, and seizures. PRES has been described in various clinical settings, including severe hypertension, chemotherapy, eclampsia, and seizure. We report a case of a 7-year-old girl who had taken cyclosporine for steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome. Twenty one days after the cyclosporine therapy, she was admitted due to generalized tonic clonic seizure and headache. Her blood pressure was 170/90 mmHg. Magnetic resonance(MR) imaging showed necrotic/cystic lesions involving the bilateral parieto-occipital region. After discontinuation of cyclosporine, and control of blood pressure, she had no more seizure and headache. The follow-up MR examination which was performed 6 months later showed the decreased extent of the lesion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.204-209
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• 1997

In the treatment of spasmodic dysphonia, laryngeal injection of botulinum toxin has been reported to be successful. The treatment of adductor type spasmodic dysphonia with botulinum toxin type A injection using EMG was conducted in 24 patients and it's effect was compared with results from flexible nasopharyngoscopy guided injection(29 patients) and telelaryngoscopy guided injection(31 patients). Sixty two point five percent(62.5%) of patients using EMG and 75.8% of patients using flexible nasopharyngoscope and 90.0% of patients using telelaryngoscope reported that the patient's symptom was improved. The functional status of the patient's disorder was classified into low grades. The mean pre-injection grade for patients using EMG, flexible nasopharyngoscope and telelaryngoscope was 1.7, 1.6 and 2.1 respectively. And it was lowered to 1.0, 0.7 and 1.1 respectively after the injection. Results were similar(p＜0.05). As a self assessment method, patients were asked to rate their voice on a scale of 100. In this study, the mean pre-injection score was 66.3, 44.0 and 40.0 respectively. And it was improved to 74.8, 77.7 and 69.8 respectively after the injection. Among 23 patients who undergone above 3method, 17 patients(73.9%) told that EMG-guided botulinum injection was preferable method in its convenience and effectiveness. In conclusion, EMG guided botulinum toxin injection is an another effective method for the treatment of adductor type spasmodic dysphonia similar to telelaryngoscopy-guided injection and flexible nasopharyngoscopy guided injection.