• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.137-153
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• 2003

Comparison shopping is the most popular functionality in the e-Marketplace. Most of their revenue has been generated kent the Internet advertisement, but the ad earning was declined as the ad costing per action method widespread. Seller less familiar to the customer shrinks from chances for advertising and exposing their products. So, we need an efficient methodology subject to the seller's ad budget and other constraints, and it also has to increase comparison broker's earning in the e-Marketplace. Our research proposed and developed an ad planning methodology using comparison challenge approach which can be applied by 3$^{rd}$ party comparison brokers. Comparison challenge planning is organized with challenge policy of competitor level, product level and specification level. With that policies and basic challenge propositions, we measure the quantified value of functional distance between the specifications of my product and competitor's product. My product challenges the comparison using the comparative ad format to the similar but inferior competitor's product based on quantified valuation. Comparison challenge planning system has two phases of comparative value generation and optimization. We developed a prototype system and applied it to the desktop PC market of five major manufacturers. Our performance was emphasized by comparing to other comparative ad methods such as random display method and minimum distance method..

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.11-24
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to present data on the human activities responding to the physical environment of ‘Ulsan’s Grand Parks by evaluating user behavior and activity, visiting motivations, and user satisfaction. This study was conducted using multi-methods such as interviews and questionnaires surveys. The main findings of this study can be summarized in six parts as follows: \circled1 Behavior patterns showed that the users visited the park left within 30 minutes and the frequency of visits was 1 or 2 times per week. They spent their time mostly on ‘walking’ and ‘picnicking’. The users visited regardless of the seasons or the day of the week. \circled2 The priorities for improvements were analyzed as follows: the users expressed their demands for ‘shadowing facilities’ like shelters and pergolas because they used these facilities frequently. Also, the users would like an ‘event program’, ‘sign system’ and ‘guide program’. \circled3 Analysis of the the user’s perception of the park showed that they perceive the park as ‘representative source of the landscape and open space in Ulsan and place for making contact with nature. \circled4 In examining the visiting motivations of the users of Ulsan Grand Park, it was revealed that people use the park for ‘time with family and friends’, ‘to escape from city life’, ‘to relieve fatigue. As a result of factor analysis, 4 factors were identified such as ‘physical motive(MF1)’, ‘exploratory motive(MF2)’, ‘social motive(MF3)’ and ‘emotional motive(MF4). \circled5 Park users’ evaluation for park facilities showed that people are satisfied with most of the facilities and especially, they have high level of satisfaction for ‘footpaths’, ‘squares’ and ‘picnicspace’. The evaluation of the park user’s of activity reveals that they are content with nearly all the variables. Especially, they have high level of satisfaction for the variables of ‘convenience for dynamic activities’, ‘making of a beautiful atmosphere, ‘accessibility from the outside’ and, ‘convenience in group activitie. Factor analysis of the park user’s of activity revealed 5 factors such as ‘convenience and interest factor (AF1)’, ‘park maintenance, management and use program(AF2)’, ‘visual beauty(AF3)’, ‘safety and accessibility(AF4)’ and ‘crowding(AF5)’. \circled6 Regression analysis was employed to get the predictor factors of overall satisfaction with a result of 60.0%($R^2$). The variance was explained as ‘quality of the picnic space’, ‘convenience and interest factor while using the park’, ‘park program for maintain and management in the park’, ‘visually beauty while using the park’, ‘safety and accessibility of the parks’, ‘quality of the pond’, ‘crowding’, ‘quality of the square’.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.40-49
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• 2017

The purpose of the research is to analyze the recent cases of green space planning and planting design in Beijing, one of the cities having the worst particulate matters (PM) pollution. This study comprehensively reviewed Chinese academic literature addressing green space planning to reduce PM pollution. In addition, we conducted field observations and interviews with public officials from Beijing Municipal Bureau of Landscape Design in charge of planning and management of green spaces in Beijing. After the extensive review of literature we derived tree planting principles to mitigate the impact of PM from urban road system, residential area, and industrial district. Using the principles we evaluated the three recent cases of planting design to mitigate PM: Beijing Fuxing Road, Fu Run Residential Area and Beijing Beiqi Multipurpose Vehicle Factory. We conclude that green space planning and trees planting are not effective in mitigating negative impact of PM pollution because of inadequate selection of trees and inconsiderate planting composition. We proposed to replace the tree species with the ones capable of reducing the spread of PM, and reorganize planting compositions that consider the directions and characteristics of urban wind flow. This study suggests desirable types of tree species and planting compositions for road, residential and industrial districts, and we expect that it provides helpful guidelines for making planting design and species selection to mitigate the impact of PM in urban landscape.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.29 no.5 s.101
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• pp.389-394
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• 2005

The additional moment occurs because the superstructures of VLFS are influenced by wave loads instead of earthquake loads. In order to reduce the additional moment, this study used the semi-rigid connections which lie between fully rigid and pinned. If the semi-rigid connections are used for superstructures of VLFS, the moment of beams can be reduced and more economical construction will be possible. This study aims to show the effect of wave loads on structure and the efficiency of the semi-rigid connections due to wave loads by analyzing the time history responses. The dynamic behaviors of the rigid frame are compared with those of the semi-rigid frame considering of static loads, wave loads and combination loads for a four-bay, three-story frames. The semi-rigid connection type is a steel tubular column with square external-diaphragm connections and the time history analysis is used for the dynamic responses. The additional moment responses due to wave loads increase $33\%$ in the rigid frame, $26\%$ in the semi-rigid frame with the spring model.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.345-351
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• 2015

This study investigated the optimum depth for the application of bioremediation in contaminated coastal sediment using a lab scale column experiment. The biostimulants were placed in the top surface of the sediment facing seawater, 3cm, 6cm and 10cm of the depth from the surface, respectibely. During the experiment, the changes of organic pollutants and heavy metal fractions in the sediment were monitored in 1 month and 3month time intervals. The organic pollutants found during various analysis such as chemical oxygen demand, total solids and volatile solids, significantly reduced when the depth of the biostimulant was 3cm or less. In contrast, at a depth of over 6cm, the reduction of organic pollutants decreased, and the results were similar to the control. Heavy metals fractions in the sediment also changed with the depth of the biostimulants. The exchangeable fraction of the metals was quite reduced at the sediment surface in the column, but the organic bound and residual fractions considerably increased at a depth of 3cm. Based on this study, the optimum biostimulants depth for in-situ bioremediation of contaminant coastal sediment is 3cm from the sediment surface.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.623-628
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• 2009

The emergence of compact and low-power wireless communication sensors and actuators in the technology supporting the ongoing miniaturization of processing and storage allows for entirely the new kinds of embedded systems. These systems are distributed and deployed in environments where they may have been designed into a particular control method, and are often very dynamic. Collection of devices can communicate to achieve a higher level of coordinated behavior. Wireless sensor nodes deposited in various places provide light, temperature, and activity measurements. Wireless sensor nodes attached to circuits or appliances sense the current or control the usage. Together they form a dynamic and multi-hop routing network connecting each node to more powerful networks and processing resources. Wireless sensor networks are a specific-application and therefore they have to involve both software and hardware. They also use protocols that relate to both applications and the wireless network. Wireless sensor networks are consumer devices supporting multimedia applications such as personal digital assistants, network computers, and mobile communication devices. Wireless sensor networks are becoming an important part of industrial and military applications. The characteristics of modem embedded systems are the capable of communicating adapting the different operating environments. In this paper, We designed and implemented sensor network system which shows through host PC sensing temperature and humidity data transmitted for wireless sensor nodes composed wireless temperature and humidity sensor and designs sensor nodes using embedded system with the intention of studying USN.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.1311-1321
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• 2010

Sensor network is used to obtain sensing data in various area. The interval to sense the events depends on the type of target application and the amounts of data generated by sensor nodes are not constant. Many applications exploit long sensing interval to enhance the life time of network but there are specific applications that requires very short interval to obtain fine-grained, high-precision sensing data. If the number of nodes in the network is increased and the interval to sense data is shortened, the amounts of generated data are greatly increased and this leads to increased amount of packets to transfer to the network. To transfer large amount of packets fast, it is necessary that the delay between successive packet transmissions should be minimized as possible. In this paper, we propose SET(SendDoneEventbasedTransmission Technique)which reduces the delay between successive packet transmissions by using SendDone Event which informs that a packet transmission has been completed. In SET, the delay between successive packet transmissions is shortened very much since the transmission of next packet starts at the time when the transmission of previous packet has completed, irrespective of the transmission time. Therefore SET could provide high packet transmission rate given large amount of packets.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.572-579
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• 2009

A monitoring system needs many parameters to increase devices for monitoring data and to support various services. In particular, monitoring the status of a device in a wireless mobile environment has a difficulty in displaying multi data in a limited screen size, and transfer of the status data of a device into a network is largely related with network traffic. The research aims at designing a control board that collects data in order to effectively manage a greenhouse environment system. Also, the research tries to appropriately operate devices, environment data monitoring, and the control of each device by realizing a multiplexed interface based on a web. Thus, in the case in which a distributed client was a computer, monitoring and control were obtained with a web browser through the Lab VIEW web server of a server or local control module in order to effectively monitor and control according to the status of a user. In the case in which a client was a PDA, application of a wireless mobile considering the scale and data processing capacity of a displayer was connected. As a result of the research, we could confirm a satisfactory outcome from the viewpoint of a human-centered design by supplying adaptability and mobility according to the environment of a user.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.484-493
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• 2001

As real-time database systems are extended to the distributed computing environment, the need to apply the existing real-time concurrency control schemes to the distributed computing environment has been made. In this paper we propose an efficient concurrency control scheme for distributed real-time database system. Our proposed scheme guarantees a transaction to commit at its maximum, reduces the restart of a transaction that is on the prepared commit phase, and minimizes the time of the lock holding. This is because it raises the priority of the transaction that is on the prepared commit phase in the distributed real-time computing environment. In addition, it reduces the waiting time of a transaction that owns borrowed data and improves the performance of the system, as a result of lending the data that the transaction with the raised priority holds. We compare the proposed scheme with DO2PL_PA(Distributed Optimistic Two-Phase Locking) and MIRROR(Managing Isolation in Replicated Real-time Object Repositories) protocol in terms of the arrival rate of transactions, the size of transactions, the write probability of transactions, and the replication degree of data in a firm-deadline real-time database system based on two-phase commit protocol. It is shown through the performance evaluation that our scheme outperforms the existing schemes.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.175-180
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• 2016

Waste bumpers from out-of-service vehicles are recycled in the manufacturing process of plastic parts by incorporating pristine materials after removing the coated paint on a bumper. This study examined the chemical properties and mechanical properties of a mixture of recycled bumper and pristine materials as a function of the mixing ratio. When the pristine materials and the recycled bumper pieces were mixed, the stiffness (tensile strength and the flexural modulus) was provided by their composition averages. On the other hand, the toughness (Izod impact strength and the elongation-at-break) was lower than their composition averages (i.e., negative deviation). FTIR analysis showed that these results were due to the absence of the compatibility between the pristine materials and recycled bumper pieces. When the recycled bumper pieces were loaded at more than 30 wt. %, the toughness decreased drastically. A previous study showed that a paint removal efficiency up to 80 wt.% was easily attainable. The other 20 wt.% of paint on the bumper is very difficult to remove. Therefore, this study examined the mechanical properties of a mixture of recycled bumper pieces containing the unremoved paint and recycled bumper pieces without paint. When the recycled bumper pieces containing the unremoved paint were incorporated in only small quantities, the mechanical properties were decreased to a great extent. These results show that the paint removal efficiency is very important in the recycled bumper industry.