• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.114-129
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• 2023

In the era of the 4th industrial revolution, the importance of the 4th industrial revolution technology is increasing in the service industry. The purpose of this study is to identify the development and utilization status of the 4th industrial revolution technology in the service industry and to derive the characteristics and implications of the 4th industrial revolution technology innovation in the service industry. In this study, research and analysis were conducted based on the business activity survey data in order to identify the technological innovation characteristics of the 4th industrial revolution in the service industry. The 4th industrial revolution technology in the service industry was analyzed in terms of company ratio, technology development and utilization rate, development/utilization technology, technology application field, and technology development method. In addition, the trend of the 4th industrial revolution technology change in the service industry was also analyzed. The 4th industrial revolution technology utilization and development status of other industries was compared and analyzed. In particular, the service industry 4th industrial revolution technology innovation type was divided into 4 types from the perspective of the 4th industrial revolution company ratio and the 4th industrial revolution company ratio growth rate, and types for each service industry were derived. The characteristics and implications of the 4th industrial revolution technology innovation in the service industry were presented from nine perspectives. As a result of the study, it was found that companies in the service industry were developing or using 4th industrial revolution technologies more actively than companies in other industries, and it was analyzed that the gap was further widening. By service industry, information and communication, finance and insurance, and educational service showed relatively high rates of developing or utilizing 4th industrial revolution technologies. The service industries in which the share of 4th industrial revolution companies increased the most were real estate, education service, health and social welfare service. In particular, cloud, big data, and artificial intelligence were analyzed as the three core technologies of the fourth industrial revolution. The service industry can be classified into 4 types in terms of the 4th industrial revolution company ratio and growth rate, and service industry innovation measures that reflect the differentiated innovation characteristics of each type are needed.

• Survey Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.113-134
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• 2012

It is very vital for the presidential preference not only to be a political achievement of the president himself, but also to be an influential base of people-related policy and its implementation. The purpose of this study is to provide the newly developing ideas to compose an appropriate question and to point out the present problems in the utilization of survey results. At first, it turned out to be inappropriate to make a question for evaluation of presidential job approval in the perspective of questionnaire planning. As the respondents were not informed of what the president did, so they were more likely not to know whether the president did well or not. Secondly, the correlation analysis has been made between the evaluation question of the presidential job approval and policy-related questions including the direct one for the presidential preference in the aspect of statistical analysis. Through this process, evaluation of the presidential job approval is not accountable and the direct question for the presidential preference is at best explainable. In conclusion, it seems more persuasive to compare the statistical outcome of the presidential preference which has been derived of to the high rating what the respondents think comprehensively not depending on a subjective decision by mass media.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.237-245
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• 2020

The development of information and communication technology (ICT) provides many opportunities for businesses to increase productivity, to have better relationships with customers and suppliers, and to develop new products more efficiently and effectively. However, recently, there have been claims that ICT development in a country would increase income inequality of the country. In this debate, we examine the impact of ICT development on the income inequality at the country level. Data of 28 OECD countries were used for our study. According to results of the analysis, a country with a higher level of ICT development is likely to have a lower the level of income inequality. There have been many concerns that development of ICTs may result in a higher level of income inequality mainly because wealthy companies or individuals can more affordable to utilize advanced ICT and ICTs have replaced labor. However, there has been no such identified impact, at least in recent OECD countries. Rather, we can expect ICT development to play a role in lowering income inequality of a country.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.129-140
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• 2020

In the future, the global container handling market will be reorganized into larger ships and shipping alliances, and the bargaining power of shipping companies will be further strengthened. Therefore, the global terminal operator (GTO), which has a global network, vast experience, and operational know-how, is expected to strengthen its competitiveness. In Korea, the central government promoted the development of GTOs in the mid-2000s, but it failed, mainly due to disagreements between port stakeholders. In this study, the macroeconomic indicators that have the same effect in all regions were used to analyze GTO management performance. In the short term, it could be used to establish the business strategy of domestic terminal operators based on changes in macroeconomic indicators. In the long term, it would be used to establish a promotion strategy for GTOs in Korea. The results of analyzing the impact of macroeconomic indicators on the GTO's profit show that the GTO's profit is significantly affected by cargo handling capacity, the consumer price index of the United States, the Shanghai Composite Index, the Crude Oil Price, and the London Inter-bank Offered Rate (LIBOR). However, the scale of impact was not significantly different between public and private GTOs.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.125-136
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• 2017

This study focuses on a relative efficiency of 109 operating food companies out of 22 regions in Jeollanam-do. The relative efficiency has been analyzed by 5 input factors(capital, number of employees, annual labor costs, raw material purchase, and site area) and 2 output factors(annual exports and annual production of the companies in Jeollanam-do). This study suggests efficient companies which inefficient companies can benchmark to improve their system in short-mid-long term in phases. The main result of empirical analysis are as follows: Firstly, according to the Traditioanl DEA analysis, 7 companies out of 109 DMU indicate the optimal production scale in score 1 of CCR efficiency value, BCC efficiency value, and scale efficiency value. Secondly, a result from the Tier 1 step of inefficient companies by Post-DEA suggests that it would be better to apply each Tier step to the proper stage of the worst 5 inefficient companies such as Tier 3 step(short-term benchmark)${\rightarrow}$Tier 2 step(mid-term benchmark)${\rightarrow}$Tier 1 step(long-term benchmark) in step. This study expects that the result of the study can reduce the trial and error in inefficient part, lead to improvement, and have a big help in food exporting industry in the end.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.140-149
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• 2017

Recently, it has become necessary to consider climate change when managing multi-purpose river functions. However, in terms of domestic rivers, the management of national and local rivers is separated and the river information cannot be integratedly handled. Especially, it is not sufficient to collect and update information by recycling reports for design and construction. In addition, the basic information of the rivers is dependent on the GIS-based RIMGIS system, but the reliability of the information is deteriorating due to the construction of spatial information using the river basement planning results. The purpose of this study is to investigate the current status of the information system with regard to the maintenance and operation of the river facilities. Through the verification of actual cases, the optimal solution was suggested from the point of view of practical information. As a result, we constructed an information system for the reliable maintenance of river facilities and examined the integrated information management plan. The results of this study can be used to improve the existing information and technical and institutional procedures for the integrated maintenance and operation of river facilities. It will be helpful to introduce the BIM as well as solve to the information gap with other fields through the establishment of an information framework to improve the information construction of river areas.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.147-151
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• 2007

인위적인 온실가스 증가의 영향으로 지구의 기온이 상승하고 있으며, 우리나라에서도 이러한 전 지구적인 온난화 추세를 상회하는 경향을 보이고 있다. 20세기 후반부터 기후변화에 따른 강수량 및 집중호우의 증가 추세가 보고되고 있으며, 이에 따른 피해 또한 증가하고 있다. 이러한 이상기후 현상이 전 세계적으로 빈번히 발생하여 가용 수자원의 변동이 커지고 있다. 추가적인 댐 건설이 어려운 상황이고, 댐 운영의 불확실성에 의한 현실적인 운영의 어려움으로 인하여 보수적인 댐 운영이 이루어지고 있는 실정이므로, 한정된 수자원의 효율적인 이용과 예측이 요구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기상연구소에서 개발된 A2, B2 기후변화 시나리오에 따른 다목적댐에서의 용수공급능력의 변화에 대한 평가를 수행하였다. 대규모 유역의 대표적인 다목적댐을 선정하고 기후변화 시나리오별 유입량을 분석하였으며, 이를 저수지 모의운영 기법을 이용하여 기후변화 시나리오에 따른 각 댐의 신뢰도 95% 용수공급능력과 예상발전량을 산정함으로써 가용수자원을 평가하였다. 또한 다목적댐의 과거 실적 유입량 자료를 이용한 모의운영 결과와 비교하여 제시하였다. 과거 실적에 의한 결과와 비교할 때, 기후변화 시나리오에 따른 향후 국내 가용 수자원량에도 큰 변화가 있을 것으로 예측되었다. 이로부터 댐 운영에 있어서 홍수기의 안정적인 댐관리와 갈수기의 적절한 수자원 분배를 위한 방향을 제시할 수 있다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 기후변화에 따른 저수지의 효율적인 운영을 위한 유역의 수자원 영향 평가에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.댐의 순기능에 대한 정량적인 분석을 수행하였다. 또한 댐별 방류량을 변동하여 하류 주요지점에 미치는 유황개선효과를 정량화하였다. 마지막으로 댐의 효율을 최대화한 하류확보가능하천유지유량을 월별평균량으로 산정하였다. 이는 향후 오염총량제 기준유량 및 환경용수의 법제화를 통한 하천유지용수의 증가시 비구조적 대책의 공급가능 최대량으로 활용가능할 것으로 사료된다.원에서 인위적으로 방류한 양이 많았기 때문으로 추정할 수 있다. 두 지점의 1월 유출이 100 % 이상인 것은 동절기 하천 결빙으로 인한 유량파악이 힘든 것으로 나타났다. 1월의 하천수위는 계측기에 기록된 수위값으로 유량을 산정한 것이다. 3월, 10월, 12월의 유출이 많은 것은 전월말 발생한 강우의 영향으로 크게 나타났다.다. 5. 초장의 절대치는 품종간에 차이는 있으나 비교적 조파구간에는 초장에 큰 변이가 없었고 파종기가 늦어짐에 따라 짧아졌다. 초장의 신장속도는 파종기가 늦어짐에 따라 현저하게 빨라지고 특히 조생종이 만생종보다 더욱 가속적인 경향이었다. 따라서 최고초장과 최저초장과의 절대치의 차이는 조생종일수록 적고 만생종일수록 큰 격차를 보이었다. 6. 간직경에 있어서도 만생종은 일반적으로 조기파종할수록 굵고, 조생종과 중생종은 4월 25일 파종기가 가장 굵은 편이며 이보다 파종기가 지연 가늘어지는 경향이었다. 7. 간중은 품종의 조만생에 따라 약간의 차이는 있으나 대체로 적기(4월 25일~5월 15일)보다 조기 혹은 만기 파종하면 작아지나 파종기 이동에 따른 간중의 변화는 품종의 조만성에 따라 양상을 달리하여 조생종은

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.373-401
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• 2015

The UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, Drone) technology has been undergoing rapid progress, accompanied with a growth in the market. However, domestic industry standards and technology lag behind such progress happening on the international scene, and in particular in developed countries. Related regulations are also deemed lacking to address the issues that arise with such developments. Meanwhile, as the rise of UAV technology is a fairly recent phenomenon, the gap between Korea and developed countries is not too big. As this technology has high relevance to information and communication technologies, it also offers ample leeway for Korea to catch up in the field of UAV. As such, this paper seeks to provide a survey of the overall technology, market and regulations concerning UAV to identify possible measures on how to address any issues that may arise through proper policies. Due to the progress made in the field of UAV technology and increased penetration rate, striking a right balance between putting in place a proper regulatory system and establishing policies that foster growth in the field has risen as a very important issue. While the importance of establishing a legal system that helps prevent possible risks is indeed important, it must also be acknowledged that excessive regulation can also hinder technological progress. This, in turn would stagnate the market and dampen the entrepreneurial spirit in the society. In the case of new, practical technologies such as UAV, a prompt establishment of regulatory systems and policy measures in terms of policies is a requisite. In brief, in order to promote progress in the UAV industry and at the same time, for public safety and the protection of privacy, there should be an appropriate level on the easing and tightening of the regulation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association for Survey Research Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.63-81
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to provide the newly developing ideas to compose an appropriate question and to point out the present problems in the utilization of survey result. It is very vital for the presidential preference not only to be a political achievement of the President himself, but also to be a influential base of people-related policy and its implementation. At first, it turned out to be inappropriate to make a question for the evaluation of presidential working performance in the perspective of questionnaire planning. As the respondents were not informed of what the President did, so they were more likely not to know whether the President did well or not. Secondly, the correlation analysis has been made between the evaluation question of the presidential working performance and policy-related questions including the direct one for the presidential preference in the aspect of statistical analysis. Through this process, the evaluation of the presidential working performance is not accountable and the direct question for the presidential preference is at best explainable. In conclusion, it seems more persuasive to compare the statistical outcome of the presidential preference which has been derived of to the high rating what the respondents think comprehensively not depending on a subjective decision by mass media.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.521-534
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• 2016

Ancient tombs are typically comprised of confined rooms, which have different spatial characteristics than the external environment because they are covered by heavy layers of soil. In this study, we examined the thermal energy flow from the outside to inside of Songsan-ri tomb No. 6. External heat flows slowly to the inside because of heavy soil layer, and the presence of several rooms and entrances. For this reason, it takes about two months for the air temperature to travel from the outside to the inside of the tomb. Interestingly, the gradational inflow of thermal energy from outside the tomb leads to delicate horizontal and vertical variations in the wall temperature. These micro-environmental differences occur in the inner tomb every year, so we can expect them to cause condensation with regularity. In addition, we show that the previously installed forced circulation air conditioning system risks fatal damage to the mural wall painting. The results of this research suggest an optimal air conditioning system and optimized space planning to conserve Songsan-ri tomb No. 6 and its mural painting.