• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2022

Learning C programming language in electronics education is an important basic education course for understanding computer programming and acquiring the ability to use microprocessors in embedded systems. In order to focus on understanding basic grammar and algorithms, it is a common teaching method to write programs based on C standard library functions in the console window and learn theory and practice in parallel. However, if a student wants to start a project activity or go to a deeper stage after acquiring some basic knowledge of the C language, using only the C standard library function in the console window limits what a student can express or control with the C program. For the purpose of making it easier for a student to use graphics or multimedia resources and increase educational value, this paper studies a case of applying Simple DirectMedia Layer (SDL), an open source software, into the C programming language learning process. The SDL-based programming course applied after completing the basic programming curriculum performed in the console window is introduced, and the educational value is evaluated through a survey. As a result, more than 56% of the respondents expressed positive opinions in terms of improved application ability, stimulating interest, and overall usefulness, and less than 4% of them had negative opinions.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.403-414
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• 2023

In this study, we examined the adaptive practices of science teachers in their classrooms and their perspectives on the distinguishing features of these practices within science subjects. Our analysis comprised 339 cases from 128 middle and high school science teachers nationwide, and 199 cases on the characteristics of adaptive practices in science disciplines. The primary findings were as follows: First, the most significant characteristic of adaptive practice in science disciplines pertained to experimental procedures. Within the 'suggestion of additional materials/activities' category, the most frequently cited adaptive practice, teachers incorporated demonstrations to either facilitate student comprehension or enhance motivation. Additionally, 'experimental equipment manipulation or presentation of inquiry skills' emerged as the second most common adaptive practice related to experiments. Notably, over 50% of teacher responses regarding the characteristics of adaptive practices in science pertained to experiment guidance. Second, many adaptive practices involving difficulties experienced by students in learning situations were presented, particularly in areas such as numeracy and literacy. Many cases were related to the basic ability of mathematics used as a tool in science learning and understanding scientific terms in Chinese characters. Third, beyond 'experiment guidance', the characteristic adaptive practices of science subjects were related to 'connections between scientific theory and the real world', 'misconception guidance in science', 'cultivation of scientific thinking', and 'convergence approaches'. Fourth, the cases of adaptive practice presented by the science teachers differed by school level and major; therefore, it is necessary to consider school level or major in future research related to adaptive practice. Fifth, most of the adaptive action items with a small number of cases were adaptive actions executed from a macroscopic perspective, so it is necessary to pay attention to related professionalism. Finally, based on the results of this study, the implications for science education were discussed.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.25-39
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• 2019

This study analyzed the relation among middle-aged women's interesting factor of golf and intention of continuous behavior and verified the mediation effect of Flow in leisure. The purpose is to clarify the process in which middle-aged women'change their life to positive direction through golf activity and to provide basic data on the basis of theoretic fundamental. The data was processed with Confirmatory Factor Analysis(CFA) & Structural Equation Model(SEM) by using Exploratory Factor Analysis(EFA) & AMOS 25.0 statistical program through SPSS 25.0 Window Version. The result is as follows. First, interesting factor of golf is found to have significant influence on Flow of leisure. Second, interesting factor of golf is found to have significant influence on intention of continuous behavior. Third, Flow of leisure is found to have significant influence on intention of continuous behavior. Finally, Flow of leisure is found to have partial mediation effect in the relation among interesting factor of golf and intention of continuous behavior. Thus, it is judged that enjoyment should be ensured precedently through the interesting factors of golf to develop golf industry and to induce middle-aged women golf participants to golf course. It is thought that diversified methods which can increase satisfaction by utilizing leisure immersion and which can ensure constant participation for this purpose.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• no.126
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• pp.85-115
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• 2019

With the dramatic development of science and technology since the twentieth century, attempts to overcome human's natural and physical limitations through technology have actually reached a peak. Transhumanism is a movement that strongly affirms these human technological attempts. However, this optimistic belief of transhumanism in technology meets the strong resistance of opponents contending that transhumanism might destroy human nature and severely undermine human values and rights. The focus of the transhumanism debate lies in what technology means to humans. However, in order to exactly grasp the essence of transhumanism, we should first consider our 'life-world', where technology and humans are closely intertwined. The word 'life-world(Lebenswelt)' which originally comes from Husserl, is an open and universal world as a horizon that is the basis of all human practical activities and at the same time encompasses its products in itself. According to Husserl, the process of incorporating human products into the life-world is a kind of 'familiarization' process through which specific theories and techniques are harmonized with our lives in the life-world. Such harmonization and familiarization of technology could be also considered a humanization of technology. It is a process in which technology is assimilated and corresponds to the finiteness of human and the life-world. In this sense, we could say that the transhumanistic attempts are just a natural expression of human desire to be perfect in the life-world and that they should not be overly concerned or overestimated.

• The Korean Journal of Coaching Psychology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.53-82
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the personal characteristics of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises(SMEs) CEOs, on innovation behavior and corporate innovation performance, and to verify the mediating role of innovation behavior. To verify the hypothesis of this study, a questionnaire was conducted on 264 CEOs and 563 top managements of SMEs in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. For the analysis of the investigated data, the research model and hypothesis were verified through correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and SEM using SPSS and AMOS. The analysis results are as follows. First, it was found that extroversion, the personal characteristics of SMEs CEOs, had a positive (+) effect on innovation behavior, and second, openness to experience, the personal characteristics, also had a positive (+) effect on innovation behavior. Third, it was analyzed that the influence of innovation behavior on the innovation performance of a company had a positive (+) effect. Fourth, it was found that innovation behavior had full mediation effects in the relationship between extroversion and corporate innovation performance, but the case of openness to experience was not significant. Finally, the significance, implications, and limitations of the study were described, and suggestions for further study were presented.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.47-63
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• 2023

In this study, we analyzed the PCK components in the materials units of the third and fourth grades of the Korean government-authorized teacher's guides for elementary school, developed in the 2015 revised national curriculum. The results showed that the PCK components were presented in a relatively balanced manner compared to the teacher's guides for middle school. Knowledge of the subject matter accounted for the highest proportion, and knowledge of instructional strategies in science accounted for a higher proportion than knowledge of the science curriculum. The knowledge of assessment in science showed the greatest deviation among publishers, and knowledge of students tended to show the lowest. By subcomponents, experiments and inquiries had a higher proportion than concepts and theories. The ratio of horizontal articulation was lower than that of vertical articulation or lesson objectives, and lesson objectives were presented in various ways, such as in core competencies and achievement standards for science. As questioning was emphasized, teaching strategies and questioning appeared at a similar rate. Motivation and interest, misconceptions were linked to teaching strategies and questioning. In some cases, assessment items and assessment criteria were presented at each level, and various PCK components were linked to these two components. Components with relatively large differences among publishers were supplementary or in-depth concepts, inquiry in textbooks, instruction sequence and method, subject-specific strategies, and assessment items. From the results, the implications for the development of teacher's guides were discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.24 no.12
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• pp.65-73
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• 2008

In the current practice for slope stability problem in Japan, the shear strength, $\tau$, mobilized along the failure surface is usually estimated based on an empirical approximation in which the cohesion, c, is assumed to be equal to the soil thickness above the supposed slip surface, d(m). This approximation is advantageous in that the result of stability analysis is not influenced by the designers in charge. However, since the methodology has little theoretical background, the cohesion may often be grossly overestimated, and conversely the angle of shear resistance, $\phi$, is significantly underestimated, when the soil thickness above the supposed slip surface is quite large. In this paper, a case record of natural slope failure that took place in Hyogo Prefecture in 2007, is described in detail for the case in which the shear strength along the collapsed surface was carefully examined in a series of direct shear box (DSB) tests by considering the effects of in-situ shear stress along the slip surface. It is demonstrated that the factor of safety agrees with that of in-situ conditions when the shear strength from this kind of DSB test was employed for the back-analysis of the slope failure.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.165-178
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to empirically analyze and provide implications for the impact on performance, focusing on Environmental Sustainability, innovation orientation, and integrated activities among the factors necessary for sustainable management of SMEs. 366 copies obtained from executives and representatives above the department head level of domestic manufacturing SMEs through professional research companies were used for the final analysis, and the research hypothesis was verified using SmartPLS 3.0 and SPSS 25. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that Environmental Sustainability had a significant effect on social integration and technology integration, and innovation orientation had a significant effect on social integration and technology integration. In addition, it was confirmed that social integration and technology integration factors had a significant effect on the sustainability performance of SMEs. Based on these research results, theoretical, practical, and future research directions could be presented. According to the results of this study, it can be expected that manufacturing SMEs will be able to receive help in establishing strategies related to innovation orientation, social integration, and technology integration to achieve sustainable performance.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.222-235
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• 2022

The Government provides a financial assistance to stimulate firm R&D and innovation activities. Previous papers on the impact of public subsidies on firm R&D investments mainly had a focus on an individual policy tool regardless of potential impacts of other policy instruments. This study addresses this gap by examining the effects of policy mix regarding a subsidy and a tax credit. The empirical analyses from fixed effect model using Survey on Technology of SMEs 2015-2017 revealed valuable points. First, policy mix induces more R&D investment of SMEs, which in turn, shows a complementary relationship between two instruments. Second, even if impact of tax credit controlled, subsidy is positively associated with SMEs R&D investment. These findings justify policy mix interventions to promote SME R&D activity. Moreover, grants can be applied as a more useful policy tool for SMEs that are constrained by resources and capabilities.

• Design Convergence Study
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 2015

As childhood obesity and nutrition imbalance emerge as social issues in South Korea today, the development of education materials on diets and nutrition has become important and has been attempted in diverse ways. The present study was conducted on early elementary school students with the objective of establishing directions for the design of personalized nutrition education materials that can promote a proper, balanced diet for children through application in daily life of knowledge acquired from self-learning linked to nutrition education that is taking place in their schools. For this purpose, a review of previous theoretical literature on nutrition education for early elementary students was performed. Survey questions were formulated based on the advice of field experts in medicine, education, and design and the survey was conducted among 110 children from 1st and 2nd grade in two elementary schools, one in Seoul and the other in Changwon. The results obtained from the user evaluation suggested that the early elementary school students showed positive reaction to nutrition education, had preference for the type of learning using multimedia-based contents and quiz activities, were willing to learn about calorie-adjusted meals, preferred the Gothic typeface and orange and green colors. Furthermore, they showed positive opinion on the use of numerical surveying method and pictorial style similar to actual appearance in connection with nutrition-related information representation. and preferences regarding learning styles and design elements