• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.40 no.1 s.182
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• pp.115-128
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• 2007

This study proposed a modified logistic regression model for a probabilistic prediction of debris flow on natural terrain at the granitic rock area. The modified model dose not contain any categorical factors that were used in the previous model and secured higher reliability of prediction than that of the previous one. The modified model is composed of lithology, two factors of geomorphology, and three factors of soil property. Verification result shows that the prediction reliability is more than 86%. Using the modified regression model, the landslide prediction maps were established. In case of Sacheon area, the prediction map showed that the landslide occurrence was not well corresponded with the model since, even though the forest-fred area was distributed on the center of the model, no factors were considered for the landslide predictions. On the other hand, the prediction model was well corresponded with landslide occurrence at Jumunjin-Yeongok area. The prediction model developed in this study has very high availability to employ in other granitic areas.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.92-97
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• 2012

Purpose: The reparability of rotator cuff tears is very important to establish the indication of the surgical treatment of rotator cuff tears. We reviewed the factors that effect to reparability of rotator cuff tears, and considered about the surgical indication of rotator cuff tears. Materials and Methods: The reparability was considered by the surgical reparability and the postoperative healing potentials of rotator cuff. The natural history of rotator cuff tear gives us the information to make decision about the surgical treatment or the conservative treatment. Results: There are 3 general categories of factors that help predict the healing potential of a rotator cuff tear. These include surgical technique, biology, and environmental issues. Surgeon can control the surgical technique by himself. The control of biology comes from careful operative indications by age, acute trauma history, chronicity, and tear size. And the control of environmental factor can give better outcomes by cessation of smoking and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Conclusion: A better understanding of the natural history and the reparability of rotator cuff tear will help us to estabilish the indication of surgical treatement of rotoator cuff tears, and lead to satisfactory clinical outcomes.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.57-70
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the pedagogical content knowledge(PCK) and teaching efficacy levels of prospective Home Economics teachers. Also of interest were the relationship between PCK and teaching efficacy, as well as the personal factors that influence PCK and teaching efficacy. A survey was administered to students majoring in Home Economics in colleges of education or graduate schools of education in South Korea, and a total of 202 complete responses were analyzed. The prospective Home Economics teachers showed moderately low levels of PCK and teaching efficacy. Among the PCK subcategories, the mean score for content knowledge was the highest, those for expression knowledge and environmental situation knowledge were the lowest. Expression knowledge and content knowledge showed significant effects on teaching self-efficacy, and expression knowledge and environmental situation knowledge on teaching result expectation. As for students' personal characteristics, years in college showed significant effect: Sophomores were the highest in PCK and teaching efficacy levels. Also, those who plan to become Home Economics teachers showed significantly lower levels of PCK and teaching efficacy perception than those who do not. Besides, the more basic required courses they took, the lower their perception of PCK or teaching efficacy. This study suggests that teacher education programs should develop a program that can enhance prospective teachers' teaching efficacy by providing advice and assistance to those students who plan to become teachers, and more hands-on opportunities to practice teaching.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.521-529
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• 2006

This study was carried out to classify all forest vegetation types in Ulleung Island, Korea using the methodology of the Z.-M. school's phytosociology, and map out the spatial distribution patterns of those vegetation types. The forest vegetation was classified into the mountain forest type (Acer okamotoanum community group) and maritime forest type (Artemisia scoparia community group). Vegetation units at the community level were divided into three categories; six communities, sixteen groups, and seven subgroups, giving a total of 22 communities. Total area for mapping was 5,544.9 ha, of which Fagus engleriana community accounted for 1,952 ha (35.2%), Hedera rhambea community ror 1,196 ha (21.6%), Camellia japonica community for 1,104 ha (19.9%), Sambucus sieboldiana var. pendula community for 612 ha (11.0%), Aster spathulifolius community for 506 ha (9.1%), and Tsuga sieboldii - Pinus parviflora community for 174 ha (3.1%). According to canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), variables such as $Mg^{2+}$, pH, $Ca^{2+}$ were positively correlated in maritime vegetation types, and variables such as total nitrogen, carbon content, C/N ratio and ration exchange capacity (CEC) were highly correlated in mountain vegetation types, respectively. The sea level and the slope direction were not showing regular trend as a factor to decide on species diversity, evenness and richness in this research area. But it seems to be affected by topography, slope degree and dominance vegetation.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.37-45
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• 2010

In this study, the value of numerical analysis was compared to the measured value of horizontal displacement during construction. And also, the value was reviewed by comparing with numbers calculated by SUNEX program and EXCAV program. When comparing to suggested values of the maximum horizontal displacement in clayey layer, the displacement caused by the IPS system is larger than one by the Strut girder type system. When comparing the result of SUNEX program to that of EXCAV program, the SUNEX program interprets larger value. It could be concluded the result of SUNEX program is closer to the suggested value, 0.5%H, in clayey layer. The result also shows that the internal friction angle(${\Phi}$) is the key factor of developing horizontal displacement rather than type of supporting systems or materials. That means small horizontal displacement occurs in sandy layer having large value of the internal friction angle, whereas vice versa in clayey layer having small value of the internal friction angle. Therefore, the result of EXCAV program is larger in sandy layer and vice versa in clayey layer. When comparing the measured result during construction to the value of 0.5%H, the measured result is 1.4 times greater than the value of 0.5%H. In contrast, the result of SUNEX program is only 78.1% of the value of 0.5%H and the one of EXCAV program is just 18.1% of that. This result shows the calculated value by SUNEX or EXCAV program is smaller than the observed value by measuring during construction. In result, more careful attention is needed to determine the behavior of the ground. To better analyze the behavior of the ground, more precise finite element method is required.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.481-489
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• 2011

This study was conducted to evaluate the pressure treatment characteristics of Japanese red pine and Japanese larch skin timber with ACQ-2, CUAZ-2 and CuHDO-1. The effect of moisture content (MC) on preservative treatability was investigated for Japanese red pine sapwood and Japanese larch heartwood, and fixation characteristics of CCA alternatives was also evaluated. Japanese red pine sapwood, which was dried below 30 percent MC, was fully penetrated with preservatives, and minimum requirement of preservative retention for the hazard class H3 was achieved. Through measuring preservative retention gradient in Japanese red pine sapwood, it was confirmed that the retention gradient of CuHDO-1 was steeper than that of both ACQ-2 and CUAZ-2. In particular, it was intensified at a higher MCs of wood samples (25∼30%). Japanese larch heartwood did not meet the minimum requirement of penetration and retention for the hazard class H3 over the range of pretreatment MCs tested. With presteaming under $121^{\circ}C$ for 12 hours, the treatability of Japanese larch heartwood was enhanced to meet the minimum requirement for the hazard class H3. The fixation rate of copper was much more faster under drying condition compared with nondrying condition; more than 95% of copper were fixed in 3~6 days and 1 day under drying conditions in Japanese red pine sapwood and Japanese larch heartwood, respectively. After 3-week fixation period at ambient temperature, the amount of mobile copper in treated wood sample that remains available for leaching from treated wood was the highest in the wood samples treated with ACQ-2, followed by CuHDO-1 and CUAZ-2. It was proportional to the amount of copper in treating solution.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.12
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• pp.1915-1926
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• 2008

Although we know that images of a country or an industry are influential factors in product evaluation, there has been little discussion about the channels through which consumers form a country or an industry image. Guided by the assumption that the image of the Korean fashion industry conveyed through U.S. media will likely affect the evaluation of Korean fashion products, we decided to examine articles published between January 1998 and June 2008 in Woman's Wear Daily(WWD), a prestigious U.S. daily trade newspaper covering all aspects of the national and international fashion business. By using the "Korean", we found 329 relevant articles. Through content analysis, we identified the aspects of the Korean fashion industry that have been considered salient to U.S. fashion media professionals. We set up categories based on the contents of the articles that discussed segments of the supply chain of the fashion industry. We found more comments on the Korean fashion industry as fiber and fabrics supplier or apparel manufacturer than in any other categories, which reflects that South Korea has been traditionally one of the most attractive sourcing countries for the U.S. fashion business. We identified significantly less coverage on the designing, branding, marketing, and retailing aspects of the Korean fashion industry. Due to economic boom in Korea, the country's fashion industry is recognized as having a highly fashion-conscious market that can afford the world's premium brands. However, the industry is viewed as being rather vulnerable to changes in the macro economic environment.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1017-1021
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• 2006

인공순환수로에 정육면체 수리구조물을 구간별로 설치하여 흐름특성에 따른 깔따구의 서식경향을 조사하였다. 정밀한 흐름특성을 분석하기 위하여 난류계산을 수행하였으며, 인공순환수로에 깔따구를 투입하고 3일경과 후 깔따구의 개체수를 조사하였다. 인공순환수로는 단면 폭 29cm, 높이 30cm인 구조로 제작되었으며 직선구간의 길이는 120cm이다. 인공순환수로의 직선구간에 길이 10cm의 정육면체 수리구조물을 20cm 간격으로 양쪽 벽면부에 4개씩 균일하게 설치하였다. 자연하천에서 채집된 원수를 수심 20cm가 되도록 투입한 후 유기물을 하상에 고르게 깔고, 회전날개를 이용하여 평균유속 10cm/s로 안정화 시킨 후 깔따구 투입하였다. 실험시작 3일 경과 후, 깔따구의 서식경향을 조사한 결과 깔따구는 수리구조물 직하류부에 주로 서식하였다. 이는 주 흐름방향 유속분포가 수리구조물 후방에서 급격히 작아져 깔따구들이 정착하기 좋은 환경을 제공하기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 또한 인공순환수로 직선구간의 안쪽 벽면과 바깥쪽 벽면의 깔따구 개체수는 안쪽 벽면이 바깥쪽 벽면에 비하여 2배 정도 많다. 이는 수리구조물 사이 안쪽 벽면 하상의 시계방향 회전흐름 때문으로 분석되며 상대적으로 이러한 흐름은 바깥쪽 벽면에서 작다. 실험 및 수치해석 결과, 깔따구는 상대적으로 유속이 작은 곳에 서식하며, 이차류의 경향에 따라 서식처를 이동하는 것으로 분석되었다. 향후 생태적 기능을 고려하여 다양한 수리학적 조건 하에서 난류계산 및 유속측정을 통한 연구가 필요하다. 이와 같은 연구는 친환경적으로 하천을 복원시키는데 유용한 자료를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.은 silt나 clay보다 입경이 큰 모래나 자갈을 경유 하면서 오염물의 저감효과가 감소한 것으로 판단된다. 그러나 유입유량의 대부분이 표면으로 유출된다는 점을 고려할 때 표면유출수의 오염도를 낮추는 것이 유입오염물 저감효과에 보다 큰 효과가 있을 것으로 판단된다.문에 자료의 이상적 유지 관리가 이루어지며 복잡한 2차원 수질해석 모형을 수월하게 운영할 수 있는 시스템으로 개발하였다.제외하면, 부자측정 방법에 의한 유량산정시 가장 큰 오차원인은 홍수시 측정된 유속측선의 위치와 홍수 전후로 측정된 횡단면상의 위치가 일치하지 않는 점과, 대부분 두 측정 구간의 평균값을 대푯값으로 사용한다는 점이다. 본 연구는 다년간의 유량 측정 및 검증 경험과 자료를 토대로 현장에서 부자를 이용하여 측정된 측정성과를 정확도 높은 유량자료로 산정하는데 있어서의 문제점을 도출하고, 이로 인해 발생하는 오차를 추정하여 그 개선방안을 제시해 보고자한다. 더불어 보다 정확한 유량 산정을 위한 기준과 범주를 제시하고자 한다.리적 특성을 잘 반영하며, 도시지역의 복잡한 배수시스템 해석모형과 지표범람 모형을 통합한 모형 개발로 인해 더욱 정교한 도시지역에서의 홍수 범람 해석을 실시할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 본 모형의 개발로 침수상황의 시간별 진행과정을 분석함으로써 도시홍수에 대한 침수위험 지점 파악 및 주민대피지도 구축 등에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 있을 것으로 판단되었다.4일간의 기상변화가 자발성 기흉 발생에 영향을 미친다고 추론할 수 있었다. 향후 본 연구에서 추론된 기상변화와 기흉 발생과의 인과관계를 확인하고 좀 더 구체화하기 위한 연구가 필요할 것이다.게

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.133-154
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• 2015

Purpose This study re-analyzes Jung 2012's data using the time interval based analysis to examine if the process of idea generation is in good currency throughout the ideation sessions. In this way, the relationship between extraversion-introversion personality trait and ideation performance in the context of computer-mediated idea generation can be better understood. Design/methodology/approach A $2{\times}4$ factorial design was used, crossing personality differences (extraversion and introversion) with the degree of stimuli (0, 20, 40, and 80 high-quality ideas). Participants were randomly assigned to one of eight treatment conditions. The group simulator is used to measure individual level performance. The number of unique ideas generated by individuals and the exact time stamp when each idea was submitted were analyzed to compare performances. Findings The results show that introverts' performances significantly drops after about the middle stage of the ideation session, whereas extraverts do not seem to feel time constraints throughout the ideation session, resulting in superior divergent thinking, which is a major key to understand creative productivity in the problem-solving process. Since extraverts tend to yield a larger pool of ideas, another interpretation is that group composition with extraverts compared with introverts may create a logically larger group, which is important to improve the performance of idea generation group.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.1-17
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• 2007

The purposes of this study are to examine the adolescents' consumer knowledge and consumption behavior and analyze the factors affecting them. The sample of this study is 640 middle school students living in kyunggi province. The data are collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed by the descriptive statistics, t-test, One-way ANOVA and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study are as follows. First, the third grade students and the female students get higher scores in the consumer knowledge compared with the first grade and the male students. Other factors affecting the level of consumer knowledge are occupation of parents, education level of mother, household income and GPA. Second, the consumption behavior of students is moderately resonable and affected by sex and grade of students, education level of mother, household income, and GPA. Third, the adolescent's consumer knowledge affects their consumption behavior. The results of multiple regression analysis show that 4% to 9% of variances of sub categories of the consumption behavior are explained by the level of consumer knowledge. Since the consumer knowledge learned at schools is rarely transferred to the reasonable consumption behavior, the systematic and relevant consumer education considering the development stages of adolescents is required in the future.