• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.33-50
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• 2024

This study examined the trends in home economics education research across different curriculum periods and journals. A total of 374 papers related to the 2009, 2015, and 2022 revised curricula were selected and analyzed using network analysis from four journals. First, research trends were analyzed by curriculum period. Keyword frequency analysis revealed that articles on the 2009 and 2015 revised curricula primarily focused on analyzing the curriculum to develop textbooks or programs. In contrast, papers on the 2022 revised curriculum explored broader directions. Topic modeling results highlighted the prominent topics for each period: 'environmental education' in the 2009 revised curriculum, 'safety and health education' in the 2015 revised curriculum, and 'ecological transition' in the 2022 revised curriculum. Second, research trends were analyzed by journal. Keyword frequency analysis by journal exposed specific research tendencies. For example, in the Journal of Home Economics Research, 'perceptions of practical classes' and 'analysis of safety textbooks' were major topics for the 2009 revised curriculum, while 'teaching and learning plans for competence development' dominated research on the 2015 revised curriculum. This study demonstrates that the concepts and goals emphasized in curriculum revisions are reflected in the corresponding research.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.299-306
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• 2024

This study sought to suggest improvement measures by analyzing how major satisfaction of college students majoring in tourism in the metropolitan area affects career decision self-efficacy and employment preparation behavior. A survey was conducted on college students majoring in tourism-related fields from April 1 to May 31, 2024, and 217 out of a total of 250 were used for analysis. As a result of the study, hypotheses 1 and 3 established in this study were found to have a significant positive influence, and hypothesis 2 was partially accepted. Therefore, the improvement plan of this study is to make continuous efforts to improve the competitiveness of universities, such as developing educational policies and educational programs to improve the satisfaction of majors, satisfaction with curriculum and classes, and customized teaching methods for each subject, and prior to students' full-scale job preparation activities. There is a need to improve individualized employment strategies for major students and employment counseling methods between professors and students. In particular, it is necessary to establish an efficient employment preparation system through educational facilities and environments, curricula, educational programs, and professor consultations where major students can make their own career decisions.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.3-33
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• 2024

This paper summarizes the legal problems and issues raised in relation to generative AI. In addition, we looked at what regulatory discussions individual countries or international organizations have in order to solve or respond to these issues or to minimize the risks posed by generative AI. Infringement of individual basic rights raised by generative AI, the emergence and control of new crimes, monopolization of specific markets and environmental issues are mainly discussed, and although there are some differences in the necessity and direction of regulation, most countries seem to have similar views. Regarding AI, the issues that are currently being raised have been discussed continuously from the beginning of its appearance. Although certain issues have been discussed relatively much, there are some differences between countries, and situations that require consideration of phenomena different from the past are emerging. It seems that regulations and policies are being refined according to the situation of individual countries. In a situation where various issues are rapidly emerging and changing, measures to minimize the risk of AI and to enjoy the utility and benefits of AI through the use of safe AI should be sought. It will be necessary to continuously identify and analyze international trends and reorganize AI-related regulations and detailed policies suitable for Korea.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.69 no.3
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• pp.154-162
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• 2024

In response to the increasing impact of climate change on agriculture, various cultivation technologies have been recently developed to improve agricultural productivity and reduce carbon emissions for carbon neutrality. This study presents an algorithm for estimating rice planting density in agriculture using drone-captured images and deep learning-based image analysis technology. The algorithm utilizes images collected from various paddies; these images are processed through pre-processing steps and serve as training data for the YOLOv5x deep learning model. The trained model demonstrated high precision and recall, effectively estimating the position information of rice plants in each image. By accurately estimating the position of rice plants based on the central coordinates in diverse unpaved environments, the model allowed for estimation of rice plant density in each paddy, producing values closely aligned with actual measurements. Moreover, the algorithm proposed in this study provides a novel approach for precise determination of rice planting density based on the position information of rice plants in the images. Analysis of drone footage from different regions capturing portions of paddies revealed that the developed algorithm exhibited a significant correlation (R² =0.877) with actual planting density. This finding suggests the potential effective application of the algorithm in real-world agricultural settings. In conclusion, we believe that this research contributes to the ongoing digital transformation in agriculture by offering a valuable technology that supports the goals of enhancing efficiency, mitigating methane emissions, and achieving carbon neutrality, in response to the challenges posed by climate change.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.484-493
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• 2024

This paper discusses the process and results of experimental research aimed at reducing Underwater Radiated Noise (URN) using air injection technology. Air Lubrication System (ALS) is an air injection technology mainly installed and operated to improve the propulsion efficiency of large commercial ship, such as LNGC. Recently, research institutes have been studying the potential of reducing URN using ALS. This paper performs an experiment as part of such research. The experiment was conducted in the Large Cavitation Tunnel (LCT), and the major devices applied in the experiment fall into two categories: ALS, which is directly applied to the model in use for LNGC and a modified air injection belt developed from the Masker-Air System (MAS), which is being developed to reduce URN of naval ships. The environmental conditions for the experiment mainly include the air injection flow rate and flow speed in the LCT. The flow rate was set to the actual air injection conditions of ALS, and the flow speed was adjusted to two different levels, considering the actual speeds of LNGC. The noise reduction performance was confirmed by calculating insertion loss with and without air injection.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.345-351
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• 2015

This study was conducted to find out the methodology of carbon budget assessment among soil, atmosphere and plant. Soil respiration, net ecosystem productivity of herbs and net ecosystem productivity of woody plants have been measured in 30 years old pear orchard at Naju. Closed Dynamic Chamber (CDC) method was used to measure soil respiration and net ecosystem productivity of herbs. Net ecosystem productivity of woody plant (pear) was determined by eddy covariance method using the EddyPro (5.2.1) program. As for soil respiration, $429.1mgCO_2m^{-2}h^{-1}$ was released to atmosphere and sensitivity of soil temperature ($Q_{10}$) was 2.3. In case of herbs, respiration was superior to photosynthesis during measurement period. From 20 to 24 Jun 2015, the sum of absorbed and released $CO_2$ by herb's photosynthesis and respiration was $156.1mgCO_2m^{-2}h^{-1}$. Woody plants showed the $680.1mgCO_2m^{-2}h^{-1}$ of absorption by photosynthesis. In a farm scale, the sum of soil respiration, and net ecosystem productivity of herbs and woody plants was $0.04tonCO_2ha^{-1}$ during the measurement period, and it showed that pear orchard act as a $CO_2$ sink. This study using various approaches is expected to present a methodology for evaluating the carbon budget of perennial woody crop plantations.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.265-277
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• 2000

Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate characteristics for removing ammonia-nitrogens by electrolysis methods. A stainless steel plate is used as the cathode and either $IrO_2{\backslash}Ti$ plate serves as the anode. Experiments were conducted to examine the effects of the operating conditions, such as the current density, retention time, electrode gap, $Cl^-/NH_4{^+}-N$ on the $NH_4{^+}-N$ removal efficiency. Possible optimum range for these operating variables are experimentally determined. The $NH_4{^+}-N$ removal efficiencies between plate type anode and net type anode were about same effect, but electrolytic power using net type anode is low than plate type anode. The $Cl^-/NH_4{^+}-N$ ratio was about $20.0kgCl^-/kgNH_4{^+}-N$ when $NH_4{^+}-N$ removal obtained 73 %, $Cl^-/NH_4{^+}-N$ ratio needs $27.6kgCl^-/kgNH_4{^+}-N$ so as to $NH_4{^+}-N$ completely remove. The removal efficiency of $NH_4{^+}-N$ increase with current density, retention time and $Cl^-/NH_4{^+}-N$ ratio, but decreased with increasing electrode gap. The relationship of operating conditions and $NH_4{^+}-N$ removal efficiencies are $$NH_4{^+}-N_{re}(%)=14.5364(Current\;density)^{0.7093}{\times}(HRT)^{1.0060}{\times}(Gap)^{-0.9926}{\times}(Cl^-/NH_4{^+}-N)^{1.0024}$$ With adding COD or/and alkalinity, relationships are $$NH_4{^+}-N_{re}(%)=9.8408(Current\;density)^{0.6232}{\times}(HRT)^{1.0534}$$ There existed a competition between the removals for $NH_4{^+}-N$ and $COD_{Cr}$ during electrolysis, the removal of $NH_4{^+}-N$ was shown to be dominant. $NH_4{^+}-N$ removal was high as addition of glucose and alkalinity.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.355-358
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• 2013

BACKGROUND: Water-born pollution loads by agricultural non-point source (NPS) pollution are expected to become intensified due to ongoing precipitation change. Therefore, it is essential to develop a best management practice (BMP) that is suitable to agricultural environments in Korea. This study aimed to develop an environmental-friendly BMP to reduce NPS pollution load by agricultural activities. An eco-friendly way, small drainage pond, was suggested in this study to avoid direct drainage of agricultural runoffs and eventually reduce the amount of pollutants discharged into the surrounding aqua-environment. METHODS AND RESULTS: A small pond ($12m^2$) was constructed at the corner of a rice paddy field ($1,715m^2$) located in Suwon, Korea. Water was allowed to drain only via a small drainage pond. Sampling was repeatedly made at two locations, one from an entrance and the other from an exit of a pond, during the rice cultivation period (May to October, 2012). Generally, sampling was made only when runoff water drained through a pond, such as during and/or after rain (irrigation). The water quality analysis showed that all quality parameters (SS, $COD_{Mn}$, T-N, and T-P) were improved as water passed through the pond. The amount of runoff water was reduced by 96~100%. Suspended solids and COD concentrations was reduced by 79.3% and 45.6%, respectively. In case of T-N and T-P concentrations, the reduction rates were 52.2% and 60.5%, respectively and the amount of T-N and T-P were reduced by 16.3~73.0% and 15.4~70.1%, respectively. CONCLUSION(S): Our data implies that agricultural NPS pollution from rice paddy fields can be effectively managed when an appropriate drainage water management practice is imposed. In this paper, it was suggested that an installation of a small drainage pond can be effective to prevent not only the nutrient loss from rice fields but also pollutant discharge to surrounding water environments.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.730-740
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• 2012

Korea Expressway Corporation have a plan to make a new highway from East Hongcheon to Yanayang in Kangwon-do(province). This research was conducted to analyze a vegetation structure of japanese red pine forest and to prepare conservation and restoration basic information for minimizing the effects on pine mushroom producing by road construction. Considering the range of effects by road construction, twenty plots were set up near road construction reserved area, and surveyed. The result analyzed by TWINSPAN, one of the classification technique, showed that the communities were divided into four groups which are two Pinus densiflora community, Pinus densiflora-Quercus variabilis community and Pinus densiflora-Deciduous broad leaves forest community(IV). Species diversity index of each community ranged from $1.7353{\pm}0.0341$ to $1.9079{\pm}0.2471$, and the average number of species was $9.2{\pm}2.8$, especially $9.6{\pm}5.0$ at canopy layer in the unit area($100m^2$). The number of individuals ranged from 4 to 29 and average 9.55 in the unit area($100m^2$). The average RSI(relative space index) was below 35%, the average estimated age of the forest was $38{\pm}8.34$ years. The depth of $A_0$ layer of soil was 4~6cm and the range of soil acidity was pH4.70~5.63(average pH 5.29). Pine mushroom and Japanes red pine have a close symbiosis relation. Therefore it is needed that minimizing the read construction which goes through the pine mushroom producing area. If a road goes through a pine mushroom producing area, restoration measurement is prepared to prevent forest from rapid change such as succession or vegetation structure.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.500-509
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• 2014

To prevent freezing of the road by fallen snow, Calcium chloride($CaCl_2$) as a deicer is used to very often and it can be harmful to roadside trees. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Calcium chloride($CaCl_2$) as a deicer on growth and physiological traits of Acer triflorum according to different concentration of $CaCl_2$. We measured growth, chlorophyll contents, gas exchangement characteristics, chlorophyll fluorescence and mineral nutrition concentration in plant and soil. The experimental group was composed of four treatments including 0mM(control), 9mM(0.5 %), 18mM(1.0 %), 54mM(3.0 %). Before germinating new shoot, the dissolution of $CaCl_2$ was irrigated twice interval of a week. At 30 days after treatment, all treatments decreased total cholorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and photochemical efficiency($F_v/F_m$) with increasing concentration of $CaCl_2$ and especially, they significantly reduced in 3.0 % treatment. In contrast, chlorophyll a/b ratio increased with an increase of $CaCl_2$ concentration and water use efficiency increased in 1.0 % and 3.0 % treatments. At 50 days after treatment, all treatments were decreased in chl a, chl b, total chlorophyll content, carotenoid content, photosynthetic capacity, photochemical efficiency($F_v/F_m$) and quantum yield of photosystem II(${\Phi}_{PSII}$) compared with control and 3.0 % treatments were withered. $Ca^{2+}$ and $Cl^-$ were accumulated in leaves and soil, which inhibited water absorption and electron transport and it caused the reduction of height growth rate more than 50 %. Although there was a little difference according to time and $CaCl_2$ concentration, all treatments decreased in growth rate and physiological activity slowed down. As time passed, these results got worse. Therefore we need to take a measure earlier in order to minimize damage of trees.