• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.251-278
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• 2014

This research is about global investment for managing the important position, what Korea is doing in World's main market. Considering there are some differences between developed countries' model and developing countries' model in doing direct overseas investment, they target to get political agreement and develop the new invest plan and strategy by understanding changes of Korean manufacturing companies in direct overseas investment between 2007 and 2012 and analyzing the change of yearly investment motivation factors and acturing factors for investment. The result from this result let us know that company should develop their own idea for their competitive advantage by doing direct overseas investment with the existing the on which convinces the competitive advantage for investing overseas. From the analyzing result, even though it is fairly true that raising wage and getting resources, avoiding customs, and developing alternating industries for export had influenced at the beginning, overseas investing companies' policy will be influenced by the results from studying marketing-pursuit type, which emphasizes to manage trade income and outgo, keeping the balance in the black, ensuring raw materials, local producing and manufacturing by using low-wage people for local sale, and situation for changing investing tendency as service industry.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.67-93
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• 2013

This research is about global investment for managing the important position, what Korea is doing in World's main market. Considering there are some differences between developed countries' model and developing countries' model in doing direct overseas investment, they target to get political agreement and develop the new invest plan and strategy by understanding changes of Korean manufacturing companies in direct overseas investment between 2004 and 2011 and analyzing the change of yearly investment motivation factors and acturing factors for investment. The result from this result let us know that company should develop their own idea for their competitive advantage by doing direct overseas investment with the existing the on which convinces the competitive advantage for investing overseas. From the analyzing result, even though it is fairly true that raising wage and getting resources, avoiding customs, and developing alternating industries for export had influenced at the beginning, overseas investing companies' policy will be influenced by the results from studying marketing-pursuit type, which emphasizes to manage trade income and outgo, keeping the balance in the black, ensuring raw materials, local producing and manufacturing by using low-wage people for local sale, and situation for changing investing tendency as service industry.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.36
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• pp.78-108
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• 2006

This study examines the digital divide, one of the main issues in digital media environment, in relation with the digital literacy on the perspective of audience welfare. The study explores the current state of audience welfare policy with regard to the issue of digital divide which can be seen as the dark side of this flourishing digital technology society. The barriers and enablers of the digital divide are discussed with the question of how these factors are related with the digital literacy competence of audience. It has been criticized that both the research efforts and the policy implementations on the digital divide had been set within the limitation of physical access to the digital equipment and technology. Recent studies suggested that the digital divide should be viewed in dynamic interaction of a variety of factors such as psychological dispositions, inner attitudes toward digital media, competence and ability of audiences as well as socio-economic status of individuals. Despite the recent inclusive discussion, however, the role of digital literacy in the digital divide remains unexplored. It should be noted that the question of access is not just to do with equipment, but with skills and knowledge that are required to use equipment. This notion suggests an important implication for the digital divide policy establishment. This study proposes a two-stage solution for reducing the digital divide, in which the first stage focuses on physical access and technology education and the second stage on the digital literacy education.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.71
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• pp.194-223
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• 2015

This study explores a value chain structure of TV program including news, drama, and comedy. The purpose of this research focused on factor analysis and the relationship among viewer's program selection motivations. This research explores correlation between personal value and viewing motivation. This study was to identify the value structure of respondent on TV program(news, drama, comedy) based on means-end chain theory. The research used structured APT laddering questions and 251 data was analysed. Through such analysis, category difference by stage and relationship difference were identified and hierarchical value map was compared. There are four different value ladders: first is attributes, functional consequences, psychological consequences, and final value. The result shows that on news program the basic function is viewers are want to visual factor and quickly acquire social news and they pursue a value of personal social relationship. Whereas, on drama program, the viewers are reflected by around person, and they selected a program based on closed related person. In addition, the viewers are influenced by program's social nomination, production's brand in drama, and performer's nomination, producer and program prominence on comedy. The program selection is highly correlated on program selection's credibility, vital energetic life, and social relationship. The results shows that there was no significant difference between low involvement group and high involvement group for main category involvement group respondents.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.587-597
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• 2017

If we, as educators, want to put students at the center of learning in science classroom, we must let students express their voices and exercise authority. To do this, we developed a classroom activity about 'Making a pet poster', and then we explored how elementary school students perceived their roles and expressed their authority during this activity. Fourth grade students from an elementary school in the city of Seoul participated in the activity, which was videotaped and recorded. We found that students expressed their epistemic authority differently in small group activities and in whole group discussions. In small group activities, they desired to show their authority as "pet experts" by using and selecting various resources from their everyday lives and transforming those resources into suitable forms in public spaces. Meanwhile, in whole group discussions, participants were classified as either presenters or audience members to verify their authority in regard to the pet poster activity; presenters desired to achieve recognition as "pet experts," and audience members assessed the presenters as "testers." In addition, they expressed authority as teachers by leading the whole group discussions. Based on these findings, this paper suggests the implications for new educational strategies to foster a student-centered learning environment.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.219-254
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• 2014

Due to the recent development of globalization and supply chain management, growth of international trade has led to increasing cargo volume around the world. Since maritime logistics environments have changed, increased container ship size, improvement of harbor equipment, global port operation and rapid technological development have had an significant effects on shipping and port industry, which is contributing to competitiveness of port. Since a larger volume of port throughputs are generally regarded as an indicator of the more competitive port, inefficient port operation could reduce its competitiveness. On the other hand, high efficient ports could increase their competitive power while increasing cargo volume. This study aims at comparing competitiveness of the ports in the Northeast Asia by investigating changes of container throughputs and evaluating efficiency performance of ports. Shift-Share analysis and Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) have been conducted with 21 Northeast Asian ports and then separated them into 4 groups for comparative analysis to identify competitive position of each port. The results of this study show that Incheon and Gwangyang port have been decreased container cargo volume, while volume of Busan port would increase by means of active marketing, various route development and incentive policy for the port.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.39-46
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• 2007

Research on human identification in ubiquitous environment has recently attracted a lot of attention. As one of those research, gait recognition is an efficient method of human identification using physical features of a walking person at a distance. In this paper, we present a human shape extraction and tracking for gait recognition using geodesic active contour models(GACMs) combined with mean shift algorithm The active contour models (ACMs) are very effective to deal with the non-rigid object because of its elastic property. However, they have the limitation that their performance is mainly dependent on the initial curve. To overcome this problem, we combine the mean shift algorithm with the traditional GACMs. The main idea is very simple. Before evolving using level set method, the initial curve in each frame is re-localized near the human region and is resized enough to include the targe region. This mechanism allows for reducing the number of iterations and for handling the large object motion. The proposed system is composed of human region detection and human shape tracking modules. In the human region detection module, the silhouette of a walking person is extracted by background subtraction and morphologic operation. Then human shape are correctly obtained by the GACMs with mean shift algorithm. In experimental results, the proposed method show that it is extracted and tracked efficiently accurate shape for gait recognition.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.27 no.10C
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• pp.1015-1026
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• 2002

As per increasing research interest in the field of collaborative computing in recent year, the importance of security issues on that area is also incrementally growing. Generally, the persistency of collaborative system is facilitated with conventional authentication and cryptography schemes. It is however, hard to meet the access control requirements of distributed collaborative computing environments by means of merely apply the existing access control mechanisms. The distributed collaborative system must consider the network openness, and various type of subjects and objects while, the existing access control schemes consider only some of the access control elements such as identity, rule, and role. However, this may cause the state of security level alteration phenomenon. In order to handle proper access control in collaborative system, various types of access control elements such as identity, role, group, degree of security, degree of integrity, and permission should be taken into account. Futhermore, if we simply define all the necessary access control elements to implement access control algorithm, then collaborative system consequently should consider too many available objects which in consequence, may lead drastic degradation of system performance. In order to improve the state problems, we propose a novel access control framework that is suitable for the distributed collaborative computing environments. The proposed scheme defines several different types of object elements for the accessed objects and subjects, and use them to implement access control which allows us to guarantee more solid access control. Futhermore, the objects are distinguished by three categories based on the characteristics of the object elements, and the proposed algorithm is implemented by the classified objects which lead to improve the systems' performance. Also, the proposed method can support scalability compared to the conventional one. Our simulation study shows that the performance results are almost similar to the two cases; one for the collaborative system has the proposed access control scheme, and the other for it has not.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.99 no.4
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• pp.447-469
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• 2010

The recent publications of two major works from Ministry of Environment and Korea National Arboretum (Type specimens collected from Korea at the herbarium of the University of Tokyo, five volumes) and National Institute of Biological Resources (Korean type specimens deposited in foreign herbaria and museums, two volumes excluding other animal groups) on Korean vascular plants have resulted in discrepancies needing either correction or clarification. The former published the results of a portion of T. Nakai's collections deposited at TI, while the latter produced the results about collections of G. Koidzumi's, J. Ohwi's, and S. Kitamura's at Kyoto University and of E. H. Wilson's and H. Leveille's at Harvard University. Consequently some omissions, discrepancies, and conflicts resulted, such as the inclusion of conflicting designations of lectotype, isotype, syntype or holotype, erroneous citations of publications, and misinformation. Suh et al.'s publications about type specimens of Korean plants deposited at TI showed 47 conflicting typifications and 20 typographical and other errors. Type information offered by Yim et al. were discussed, and 75 conflicting typification and 30 typographical and other errors from these two volumes were also brought to notice. It is clear that Suh et al. and Yim et al. merely provided type information without consulting original description of each plant species. It is apparent that all these conflicting designation of types, erroneous citations of publications, and other types of misinformation were as a result of the disregard of original citation and the ignorance of basic type concept.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.140-145
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• 2010

In this work, to theoretically analyze the nonlinear charging characteristic, a Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) is adopted. Based on the RBFNN, an charging characteristic tendency of a Linear Type Magnetic Flux Pump (LTMFP) is analyzed. In the paper, we developed the LTMFP that generates stable and controllable charging current and also experimentally investigated its charging characteristic in the cryogenic system. From these experimental results, the charging current of the LTMFP was also found to be frequency dependent with nonlinear quality due to the nonlinear magnetic behaviour of superconducting Nb foil. On the whole, in the case of essentially cryogenic experiment, since cooling costs loomed large in the cryogenic environment, it is difficult to carry out various experiments. Consequentially, in this paper, we estimated the nonlinear characteristic of charging current as well as realized the intelligent model via the design of RBFNN based on the experimental data. In this paper, we view RBF neural networks as predominantly data driven constructs whose processing is based upon an effective usage of experimental data through a prudent process of Fuzzy C-Means clustering method. Also, the receptive fields of the proposed RBF neural network are formed by the FCM clustering.