• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.271-283
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• 2013

Morphology of Korean Scrophularia species were reviewed to clarify taxonomic characters, their variations and taxon delimitation. Habitats, root forms, foliaceous types, glandular trichomes on stems and leaves, flowering seasons, calyx shapes, corolla colors and shapes, as well as ovary basal shapes are diagnostic characters to classify series in this genus. From the result, 1) S. alata is distinguished from its closely related species S. takesimensis by lengths of stem ribs, widths of petioles, and types of corolla lobes; 2) S. buergeriana is characterized by spike-like inflorescences, short peduncles and pedicels, and yellowish green corollas; 3) lanceolate-shaped leaves and calyces, and axillary-like cyme inflorescences delimitate S. koraiensis easily from the other taxa; 4) smaller leaves discriminate S. kakudensis var. microphylla from S. kakudensis var. kakudensis, and 5) S. cephalantha is distinguished from S. kakudensis by broadly ovate to sub-orbicular shaped leaves, earlier flowering seasons, and smaller numbered flowers on shorter inflorescences. In conclusion, the Korean Scrophularia is classified as 7 taxa, 6 species and 1 variety in 2 series. Keys to the series and taxa are provided.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.420-428
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• 2015

The majority of cultivated varieties of grape have perfect flowers that are clustered in an individual inflorescence. Grape flower has a single pistil, five stamens, a protective flower cap (calyptra), and a calyx. After fertilization, an individual flower develops into a single berry. Although there are a number of reported studies focusing on berry formation, berry enlargement, and sugar accumulation in grape, the morphological studies of flower, including gametophyte morphogenesis and structural change in floral organs, have not yet been studied in detail. In this study, we investigated the flower structure and development characteristics of grape using microscopy and defined the floral development stages 9 to 13 based on microspore or male gametophyte development stage from tetrad to mature pollen. We used seeded diploid table grapes 'Campbell Early' (Vitis labruscana) and 'Tamnara' (V. spp.) as plant materials. At floral development stage 9, pollen mother cells develop to tetrads. During floral development stages 10 to 11, unicellular microspore develop to mid bicellular pollen. At the end of floral stage 12, male gametophyte develops to mature tricelluar pollen. In floral stage 13, the flower cap falls off and flower bud opens. During floral development stages 9 to 12, there were no major changes in calyx length, whereas the length of the flower cap continuously increased. The flower cap-to-calyx length ratio was 2.0, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.5 at floral stages 9, 10, 11, and 12, respectively. The flower cap-to-calyx length ratio was consistent in the two grape cultivars, suggesting that the ratio is a morphological character representing floral development stage. This study provides a reference for determining floral development stage of the two grape cultivars. It will be useful for the determination of optimum time for microspore culture needed to generate doubled haploid lines and appropriate gibberellic acid treatment needed to induce parthenocarpic fruit development in 'Tamnara' grape.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.356-360
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• 2016

Ixora auricularis (Rubiaceae), previously recognized as endemic to Yunnan (China), was reported in Vietnam. This plant differs from the closely related species Ixora coccinea in its auriculate shape of the base leaf, greater number of secondary veins, shorter stipules, calyx having more appendices, shorter corolla tube, and the oblanceolata shape of the corolla tip. Detailed information about its description as well as illustrations, color photographs and a species key of related species of Ixora in Vietnam are provided.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.420-423
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• 2016

This is a report of an unrecorded species of Hedyotis from Korea, Hedyotis chrysotricha (Palib.) Merr., found in Yeongam-gun, Jeollanam-do. The species can be distinguished from other Hedyotis species by trichomes that cover the entire plant, ovate leaves, mauve or white corolla, and the corolla lobe of which the length measures more than twice its width. The species was named after its findspot and is hence called 'Yeongam-pul.' An illustration, description and key to the taxa related to Hedyotis are provided.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.141-149
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• 2012

To clarify some ambiguous diagnostic characters of Callicarpa japonica Thunb. and Callicarpa dichotoma (Lour.) K. Koch in Korea (Verbenaceae), the external morphology and micromorphology (leaf, anther, pollen, fruit, in particular endocarp surface and structure) of two taxa are studied and described in detail. It is confirmed that the following characteristics (e.g., the stem outline in a cross-section, the bud shape and length, the corolla tube length and the lobe length, the pattern of the anther dehiscence and length, and the endocarp morphology) are useful for distinguishing these two taxa. In particular, following three characteristics are most useful for an identification: (1) the corolla tube length of C. japonica (2.5-4.6 mm) is longer than that of C. dichotoma (0.7-1.0 mm); (2) the anther is dehiscing by an apical pore at the anthesis of C. japonica, while it is opening by a long fissure from the apex to the base in C. dichotoma; and (3) the edge of the endocarp (lateral view) in C. japonica is concave, while in C. dichotoma it is shown to be flat. On the other hand, the teeth state on the leaf margin and the position of inflorescence are not good diagnostic characteristics for identification. Additionally, the keys for all known Callicarpa taxa in Korea are provided.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.433-440
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• 2009

Korean sweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas, varieties were examined for their flowering response as a fundamental research to improve breeding efficiency by hybridization of this crop. Under 10.0~10.5 hours short day condition, self-rooted plants of three varieties such as Shinmi, Hongmi and Hwangmi flowered sparsely or moderately, and those of fourteen varieties including Eunmi flowered very sparsely. Under 10.6~12.0 hours day length condition, self-rooted plants of three varieties such as Shinmi, Hongmi and Hwangmi flowered very sparsely. Under the day length longer than 12 hours, none of the tested plants flowered. In all the sweetpotato plants grafted on morning glory, flowering occurred with varying degrees by varieties and day lengths. Under 10.0~10.5 hours day length, thirty two varieties including Hongmi flowered moderately or profusely, and one variety such as Mokgye 1 flowered sparsely. Under 10.6~12 hours day length, twenty three varieties including Sinchunmi flowered moderately or profusely, nine varieties including Jeungmi flowered sparsely, and Mokgye 1 didn't flower at all.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.153-161
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• 2006

Two Unrecorded species from Jeju Province are reported: Maesa japonica of Maesaceae which is unrecorded family and Cardamine tanakae of Brassicaceae. Monotypic family Maesaceae, is distinguished from Myrsinaceae and Primulaceae by having pedicels with a pair of bracteoles, flowers without staminodia, semi-inferior ovary and indehiscent fruits with many seeds. M. japonica is readily distinguishable from M. salicifolia in China and M. montana var. formosana in Taiwan and Japan by shapes of blades, corolla and bracteoles, the presence/absence of serrulation of leaf margins, ratio of length of corolla tube and corolla lobes, feature and color of fruit surface. C. tanakae is most similar to Korean endemic C. glechomifolia in morphology, however, the two taxa are readily distinguishable by the number of leaflets of cauline leaves, size of terminal leaflets, number of flowers per inflorescence, the presence of whitish hairs on ovary and fruits.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.145-152
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• 2010

The external morphological characters of the Korean Oldenlandia were reviewed, and numerical analysis of 25 quantitative characters carried out to evaluate the delimitation of the taxa. Among the qualitative characters, the leaf shape, inflorescence, pilose of insde corolla, expansion of capsule apex, and seed shape were used to delimit 5 species of Korean Oldenlandia. As the result of principal component analysis of quantitative characters, O. corymbosa, O. hirsuta and O. strigulosa were evidently separated on a two-dimensional plot by PC1 and PC2, and O. brachypoda and O. diffusa slightly overlapped. However, O. brachypoda was distinctly delimited from O. diffusa by the shape of calyx lobe, the lengths of pedicel, filament and stigma. Also each of those two species was in a group of its own by cluster analysis.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.279-292
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• 2006

Patterns of morphological variation in Cirsium japonicum complex were examined using numerical analysis, and the delimitation of taxa was evaluated. Principal components analysis of taxa using 24 morphological characters and 11 leaf characters revealed the presence of two major groups; C. japonicum var. japonicum and C. japonicum var. spinosissimum. Circium japonicum f. nakaianum could be included in the category of C. japonicum var. japonicum. In conclusion, Korean C. japonicum complex was composed of two varieties and one form, C. Japonicum var. japonicum, C. japonicum var. spinosissimum, and C. japonicum var. spinosissimum f. alba.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.89-97
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• 2021

Two unrecorded alien plants, Pilea microphylla (L.) Liebm. (Urticaceae) and Elsholtzia griffithii Hook. f. (Lamiaceae), were found in Korea. P. microphylla was discovered in Seoul-si and Jeju-do. This species is distinguished from other related Korean taxa by leaf characteristics such as spatulate or obovate shape and 2-7 mm long with entire margin. E. griffithii was discovered in Incheon-si. This species is defined by spikes, narrowly lanceolate bract with 3 mm long and relatively shorter corolla length as ca 2.5 mm. Here, we provide Korean name, descriptions of the morphological characteristics, photographs and a key to allied taxa.