• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.493-494
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• 2008

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.10
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• pp.1289-1294
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• 2009

Inflammation is a pivotal component of a variety of diseases, such as atherosclerosis and tumour progression. Various naturally occurring phytochemicals exhibit antiinflammatory activity and are considered to be potential drug candidates against inflammation-related pathological processes. Red pepper is the most consumed species in Korea. However, the antiinflammatory effects of red pepper have not been characterized. Thus, the present study was designed to evaluate the effects of the aqueous extract from red pepper (RPAE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in murine macrophages. RPAE demonstrated strong antiinflammatory activity through its ability to reduce nitric oxide and prostaglandin $E_2$ production in the LPS-stimulated mouse macrophage cell, RAW264.7. It also inhibited the production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) on the LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Further study indicated that LPS-stimulated induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 was significantly inhibited by RPAE exposure (1,000 mg/mL) in RAW264.7 cells. Collectively, these data suggest that the use of RPAE may be a useful therapeutic approach to various inflammatory diseases.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.171-177
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• 2008

The application in agricultural fields of pig slurry composting biofiltraton amending smell and nutrient unevenness, it is important for the appropriate nitrogen nutrient management to promote the availability of the crops and to minimize the risk of adversely environmental effects. The objective of this study was to determine the application rates of the preplant pig slurry composting biofiltration for red pepper(Capsicum annuum L.) by considering the yield response and the fruit quality such as sugar, capsaicinoid content. Red peppers were grown on plastic film ground under five different pig slurry(PS) application rates and mineral fertilizer(MF 100%) as a control. The effects of a single application of five different doses of PS: PS 0%(no kg N $ha^{-1}$), PS 50%(51.5 kg N $ha^{-1}$), PS 75%(77.3 kg N $ha^{-1}$), PS 100%(103 kg N $ha^{-1}$) and PS 125%(129 kg N $ha^{-1}$) were compared with the recommended mineral treatment(103 kg N $ha^{-1}$) in the pre-planting. The sidedressing N application(87 kg N $ha^{-1}$) was applied to the mineral fertilizer in all treatments. Red peppers were harvested at the mature red stage through five times from 72 days after transplanting(DAT) to 133 DAT. The results indicated that the yield of red pepper was increased with the increase of the N application rates from PS 0% to PS 100%. The highest yield was obtained in PS 100% by 20,843 kg $ha^{-1}$, although there were no significant differences in yield among PS 100, PS 125% and MF 100%. In addition, The contents of soluble sugar and capsaicinoids were not significantly different in all treatments. Accordingly, fertilization recommendations of red pepper to substitute PS for the mineral fertilizer were considered to PS 100%.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.387-403
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• 2020

This experiment was carried out to determine optimal concentration of organic liquids for the improvement of antioxidant in pepper. As human beings enter the age of 100, they are naturally recognized as a standard of high quality agricultural products for safety and improvement of functional materials. Tomatoes are among the most consumed vegetables in the world and there is a growing interest in varieties with high functional content. However, there is a limit to the improvement of functional materials of certain varieties, so it is necessary to study the improvement of materials by cultivation physiology and environmental conditions. The test material was sown on March 15th in Wanju province and on June 15th in rain shelter house using pepper "suppermanidda" varieties. To investigate the optimum concentration of organic liquids for the improvement of antioxidant, 15 kinds of treatments were carried out including control, tomato liquid fertilizer etc. The liquid fertilizer of organic material was treated with 6 times of irrigation, and the analysis of nutrients and antioxidant was done by harvesting pepper on the September 10th. The contents of beta-carotene was increased in the T3, T4, T12 treatments, vitamin C was in the P14 treatments, flavonoid, polyphenol were in the P12 treatment compared to the control. In T12 treatment, flavonoid increased by 115.9%, polyphenol by 121.7%, beta-carotene by 117.2% and vitamin C by 136.1% compared to the control. There was no significant difference in the growth characteristics and characteristics of pepper fruit of pepper according to liquid fertilizer treatment. Therefore, it has been confirmed that the organic antioxidant is affected by the liquid fertilizer treatments of organic materials and it is necessary to study the environmental conditions such as temperature, moisture and photosynthesis.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.60-63
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• 1988

Each of 103 isolates of Phytophthora capsici was obtained from diseased red pepper plants randomly belonged to either the mating type $A_1$ or the mating type $A_2$. Fifty four isolates were classified as mating type $A_1$, and 49 isolates were classified as mating type $A_2$.Oospores were formed in each combination of isolates between $A_1$ or $A_2$ on 5% V-8 juice agar except one combination.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.25 no.3 s.68
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• pp.129-132
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• 1986

Colonizing aphid species on Chinese cabbage, radish, red pepper and cucumber and their seasonal fluctuations were investigated without insecticide treatment during $1982{\sim}1984$ at an experimental farm in Suweon. The major species among the colonizing aphids in each crops were Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) on Chinese cabbage and radish; M. persicae (Sulzer) and Aphis gossipii Glaver on red pepper; and A. gossipii Glover on cucumber, respectively. Over 200mm of rainfalls within a 10-day period reduced the aphid populations drastically. Relative abundance of the two major aphids on Chinese cabbage and radish, and on red pepper showed inverse relationships between the spring and autumn densities within the same year.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.279-290
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• 2022

This study was conducted to find out that winter green manure crops could be efficient replacements of expeller cake fertilizers, which were mostly imported, on environment-friendly red pepper production. Four treatments were compared under the condition of plastic film house: 1) barley (B); 2) hairy vetch (HV); 3) mixtures of barley and hairy vetch (B/HV); 4) expeller cake (EC). Total nitrogen content in hariy vetch was 3.6%, which was higher than 1.5~1.8% in barley and mixtures of barley and hairy vetch. P₂O₅ and K₂O contents were similar in all green manures. Supplying amount of nitrogen from B, HV and B/HV plot, which were 172 kg ha^-1, 193 kg ha^-1, and 198 kg ha^-1, were higher than amount of basal nitrogen required by soil testing but were lower than that of total nitrogen, respectively. Among the green manure crops, C/N ratio of HV was the lowest at 11.8, showing a similar value to that of expeller cake, but that of B was the highest at 30.6. Total yield was no significant difference in all treatment plots although B/HV plot showed the highest yield, but initial yield in B plot with high C/N ratio was lower than that in EC plot.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.155-163
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• 2001

Two attenuated Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) isolates, Paf-CMV and Rs2-CMV that had been selected from CMV isolates associated with satellite RNA (satRNA) were tested for cross-protection effect in pepper plants. The viruses selected as attenuated strains appeared to be identical serologically and physically to the challenge virus (Mf-CMV), but they were lower in the dilution end-point of infectivity of crude sap than Mf-CMV When symptoms were observed in several indicator plants after inoculation, Paf-CMV and Rs2-CMV were symptomless or showed mild mosaic symptoms while another satRNA isolate Ap-CMV developed severe mosaic symptoms on the leaves as Mf-CMV. The nucleotide sequences of the satRNAs were determined by sequencing full-length cDNA clones. Paf-, Rs2- and Ap-satRNAs were 386, 335, and 347 nucleotides long, respectively, The sequences were then compared with the other known Y-satRNA, revealing that nucleotide sequences of the satRNAs consisted of 5'- and 3'-terminal conserved regions. However variations occurred on the middle regions of the sequences, especially those related to symptom interference, showing significant differences between Paf-satRNA and other isolates. Infectious transcripts of Paf-satRNA and Rs2-satRNA induced mild mosaic symptoms in pepper plants when supported by genomic RNAs of Mf-CMV. Under greenhouse conditions, Paf-CMV and Rs2-CMV were tested for cross-protection effect in pepper and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv, Xanthi nc) plants against Mf-CMV. No symptoms were developed on the plants vaccinated with Paf-CMV until 3 weeks after inoculation with the virulent strain; however another attenuated isolate, Rs2-CMV, showed less effectiveness in cross-protection. Depending on the concentration of the challenged virus, symptoms sometimes appeared later in the upper leaves. However, in plants challenged with low concentrations (below 0.2 mg/ml) of the challenge inoculum, symptoms caused by the virulent strain did not develop on the plants vaccinated with Paf-CMV. In the field experiments, the number of pepper plants with severe mosaic symptoms in the control plots was progressively increased after transplanting and reached approximately 50% after 50 days. On the other hand, the incidence of mosaic disease appeared very low on the plants that had received the protective inoculation with Paf-CMV.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.74-79
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• 2000

Water and ethanol extracts of fresh red peppers were obtained by two methods, conventional extraction (CE) and microwave-assiated extraction (MAE), under different extraction conditions. Red pepper oleoresins extracted by CE and MAE were examined in oleoresin yield and physiological activities. The proper extraction time of MAE was about 5 minutes, whereas that of CE was 2 hours. therefore extraction time was decreased drastically by MAE but there was no significance in oleolesin yields. the electron donating abilities also showed negligible difference between two extracts obtained by CE and MAE, and 80% level in all extracts . the nitrite scavenging effect was reduced by increased of ph , and showed a high elimination effect over 85% at ph 1.2. All extracts had a high tyrosinase inhibitory effects of 100%. The angiotensin I-conventing enzyme effect showed higher activity with over 80% in MAE than 70% level in CE. the capsanthin was extracted with ethanol and was 11.4 and 12.9 ${\mu}$moles per 1 g of fresh red pepper by CE and MAE, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.362-368
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• 2008

In order to isolate novel oligotrophic bacteria exhibiting antifungal activities, soils were collected from pepper-cultivated fields of Yeongyang, Jecheon, Nonsan, Eumsong and Goesan area in Korea. From soils in pepper cultivated area, a total of 9,354 strains were isolated as oligotrophic bacteria by the R2A dilution method. Among 9,354 oligotrohic bacteria candidates, 1A strain was selected by screening against Phytophthora capsici causing phytophthora blight of hot pepper in the greenhouse and field. The strain was identified as Bacillus vallismortis based on its 16S rDNA sequence and key characteristics as compared with those of authentic cultures of B. vallismortis(KACC 12149) and B. mojavensis(KACC 12096). The strain showed broad spectrum of antibiotic activity in vitro test, as revealed in its strong inhibitory activity to the genera Phytophthora, Collectotrichum, Botrytis and Fusarium, but not to Rhizoctonia and Magnaporthe. In pot experiments, infection rate of hot pepper in the non-treated pots was about 89%, while it was only 29% in the pots treated with 1A strain. The result indicated B. vallismortis 1A is a potential biocontrol agent for phytophthora blight of hot pepper