• Clean Technology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.136-143
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• 2008

The objective of this study is to investigate the visibility of plume at the Y power plant stack, which fires the orimulsion as a fuel. The plume contains numerous primary particles under $1\;{\mu}m$ size and inorganic ions possibly inferred by the chemicals of secondary aerosol formation. We evaluated the visibility of the plume using the modified PLUVUE-II model. The monitoring data on the particle size distribution (PSD) and secondary aerosols of sulfate were applied to estimate and evaluate the main factors of plume opacity. The chemical reactions were applied to the model for the secondary aerosol formation of $(NH_4)_2SO_4(s)$. The maximum plume length was estimated by an optic method using threshold contrast. The results showed that the plume length was strongly dependent upon the PSD and $(NH_4)_2SO_4(s)$ concentration of the plume emitted from the stack.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.477-493
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• 2009

This research aims to examine Korean regional innovation governance, find structural problems, and explore alternative strategies of regional innovation governance. Especially the alternative governance was searched through the case study of Daegu-Kyungbuk mobile cluster, of which formulation Samsung is the anchor institution. Regional innovation governance in this research is defined as a policy system to link knowledge generation & diffusion subsystem and knowledge application & exploitation subsystem, and institutional conditions to steer the system. "Social Capital Assessment Tool (SOCAT)" of the World Bank was utilized for the appreciation of cluster governance. The regional innovation governance of Daegu-Kyungbuk mobile cluster is characterized as production networks dominated by one-to-one relationship between Samsung and hardware/software developers, decentralized R&D networks and policy networks with multiple hubs. Major policy agents have not developed networks with local companies, and rare are interactions between the policy agents. Local companies, especially software developers, responded they have had experiences to cooperate for local problem solving and shared their community goal, however, the degree of trust in major local project leaders is not high. Local hardware/software developers with core technologies need to be cooperative to develop similar technologies or products in Daegu-Kyungbuk mobile cluster. Regional administrative actors, such as the City of Daegu and Kyungsangbuk-do, and diverse innovation-related institutes should build cooperative environment where diverse project-based cooperation units are incessantly created, taken apart, and recreated.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.237-242
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• 2003

These studies were carried out to establish an effective in vitro embryo transfer methods by analyzing several factors. The base media were TCM-199 solution for in vitro maturation(IVM) of bovine follicular oocytes and Fer-TALP solution for in vitro fertilization(IVF) and CRlaa medium for in vitro culture(IVC). IVC used the fertilized oocytes of 24-hr culture (day 1)after IVF. Embryos were cultured in drop-culture that contained 25 embryos per 10${mu}ell$. Blastocysts cultured for 7 to 9 in vitro were transferred to recipients. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The pregnancy rate according to different region of embryo transfer were 33.8％, 48.1％, 45.0％ and 35.3％ respectively. 2. The pregnancy rate according to the parity of recipient when embryos were transferred to nulliparous (42.9％) was higher than that of 1∼3nd parlous(36.9％), however there were not show significant difference each other. 3. According to the stage of blastocyst, the pregnancy rate when middle blastocysts (MB) (45.5％) were transferred to recipients were higher than that of late blastocysts (LB) (41.0％). 4. When IVF-derived blastocysts cultured for 7 to 9 day were transferred to recipients, the pregnancy rate was higher 7 day of blastocyst than that of 8 day or 9 day of blastocyst. The results of embryo transfer according to the regions, the parity of recipient and the development stage showed that blastocyst formed for 7day transferred to nulliparou were higher pregnancy rate than others.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.98-102
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to make a report on the clinical prognosis of post traumatic lateral and posterolateral instability of the knee after LCL augmentation and popliteal tenodesis. Materials and Methods: The assessment was made among 21 cases who underwent augmentation of lateral collateral ligament(LCL) and popliteal tenodesis with allograft or artificial ligament (synthetic polyester, ABC ligament, Surgicraft, U.K.) at this Medical Center during the period from July 1996 to July 2003 and whose follow-up period was longer than one year. The authors recorded and analysed the physical findings (external rotation recurvatum test & posterolateral drawer test), stress roentgenograms(preoperative and postoperative) and Lysholm score. Results: The lateral and posterolateral instability of the knee were improved in 20 cases postoperatively, acccording to the clinical test and stress roentgenograms . Average Lysholm score was 52.5 preoperatively and 86.7 postoperatively .Conclusion: Our study found the surgery of lateral and posterolateral instability of the knee with augmentation of LCL and popliteal tenodesis using allograft or artiflcial ligament is simple technique. Taking these results into consideration, it seems to be one of effective methods of treatment.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.227-234
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• 2019

This study aimed to investigate the effects of participating in an aerobic exercise program three days a week and 50 minutes a day on dementia related factors and cognitive function in elderly women with mild dementia. For this, among 17 elderly women aged 65 and above, 10 elderly women were randomly assigned to the experimental group and 7 elderly wonmen to the control group. As a result of comparative analysis, conclusions were drawn as follows: There was a significant difference (p<.05) in the DHEA-s change between the two groups according to whether or not the aerobic exercise program was performed. Changes in cognitive function did not show any significant difference in the interaction effects of group, period, period${\times}$group. These results suggest that the aerobic exercise program did not show statistically significant effects on the dementia related factors and cognitive function changes of the elderly women with mild dementia. The reason for this is that the followings should be analyzed in more detail, but the lack of control on the daily life (diet) of the study subjects, which was considered as a limitation in this study, seems to be the biggest cause. Based on the results of this study, we hope that this study will be used as a basic data for improving the quality of dementia.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.123-131
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• 2009

Wireless networks have several unique features : node mobility, restricted bandwidth, time-variable bandwidth, large latency, and high bit error rates time due to channel fading. These features at wireless networks intend to decrease the performance TCP protocols are used in wireless networks. Lots of studies have been done for finding appropriate wireless transport protocols for current wireless communications. However, related studies have not provided good performance or some protocols have a good performance only in specific circumstances. Thus, these are not suitable for general wireless circumstance. Therefore, we propose a new wireless transport protocol which provides better performance than the previous ones. And we'd like to solve a problem that previous protocols cannot maintain their connections even though they have multiple paths until another path is successfully set up. To solve these problems, a new protocol ATP-M is proposed which is designed on already known TCP-M and ATP protocols. With NS-2 computer simulation, it is shown that this newly proposed protocol has better system throughput than TCP, TCP-M and ATP protocols.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.519-527
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• 2009

The main nutritional problem of sorghum$\times$sudangrass hybrid silage is low quality and dry matter (DM) contents. This experiment was conducted to evaluate whether field pre-wilting treatment of sorghum$\times$sudangrass hybrid silage increases DM content and forage quality of the silage. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments were consisted of five different wilting days: 0 day (direct cut silage), 0.5 day, 1 day, 2 days and 3 days. Sorghum$\times$sudangrass hybrid silage with pre-wilting showed low 4.00 pH values, however direct cut silage (control) showed a 4.30 value because of its high moisture content. The DM content of sorghum$\times$sudangrass hybrid silage with pre-wilting was high above 25.1% after 1 days, however that of direct cut silage had 17.6%. And the effluent of wilted silage was decreased with prolonged wilting period, but that of direct cut silage produced effluent of 183 mL/kg. Crude protein and ether extract with wilted silage were decreased, however crude ash was increased with prolonged wilting period. Silage with pre-wilting had higher acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents than control silages, while its non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC) showed the opposite results. Lactic acid and total organic acid were increased with prolonged wilting period. For the palatability of dairy goat, silage with 2 days wilting was highest among silages. The experiment results indicate that wilted sorghum$\times$sudangrass hybrid silage could be recommended as effective method for reducing effluent, increasing pH and forage quality more than direct cut silage. Optimum pre-wilting day of sorghum$\times$sudangrass hybrid silage may be 1 days.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.361-372
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• 2017

Bred and grown around the world, tomato (Solanum spp.) has highly valuable fruits containings various anti-oxidants such as lycopene, flavonoids, glutamine, and ${\beta}-carotene$. Several studies have explored, way in which to enhance the growth, management and quality of tomato, we focus on the management of growth for yield rather than quality. The expression of superior agronomic traits depends on where cultivars are grown. We evaluated 10 cultivars grown in three environment for their lycopene. HTL3137 ($70.48mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$), which was grown in Yoeju in spring/summer, contained the highest lycopene content, while HTL10256 ($20.9mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$), which was grown in Suwon in spring/summer, contain the least lycopene.Correlations between color components and lycopene content varied according to growing location and season. In spring/summer-grown tomatoes from Suwon, no significant correlation was observed between any color component (redness [R], greenness [G], blueness [B], luminosity, $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$, hue and chroma) and lycopene content. A correlation was observed between B and lycopene content in tomatoes grown in Yeoju during the same season. In tomatoes grown in Yeoju in fall/winter, significant correlations were found between lycopene content and G, luminosity, $L^*$, and hue. Variance in interactions between genotype, environment, and genotype ${\times}$ environment (G ${\times}$ E) using Minimum Norm Quadratic Unbiased Estimate (MINQUE) analysis indicated that lycopene content depends on genotype (51.33%), environment (49.13%), and G ${\times}$ E (21.43%). However, when the Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) was used, the G ${\times}$ E value was highest.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.451-458
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine pervasive trends in oral cancer in different countries in an effort to discuss what to do to prevent cancer and drop a death rate. The materials of the study were selected from among articles of oral cancer by searching risk factor and epidemiology at a website (www.oraloncology.com). As a result of analyzing the selected literature, it's found that in our country, the percentage of oral cancer in total cancer dropped but the number of oral cancer patients was on the rise every year. In foreign countries, the number of oral cancer patients was on the increase as well, whereas the lethality dropped. In terms of demographic characteristics, the incidence rate of oral cancer was higher among men than women overall. The incidence rate of oral cancer was larger among older people. The major causes of oral cancer were smoking and drinking. To reduce the incidence rate of oral cancer, every possible institutional, administrative and legal measure should be taken to ensure of anti-smoking policies, and publicity of moderation in and abstinence from drinking should be reinforced. The additional causes of oral cancer were demographic characteristics by country and region. The incidence of oral cancer was under the influence of that was affected when the level of personal economy and education was low. Therefore it's important to redress social imbalance within a country and among countries to remove socioeconomic divide. As the oral cancer patients has increased every year, the incidence rate of it should accurately be grasped, and sustained research efforts should be made in consideration of demographic characteristics. Early diagnosis, public oral health education and preventive policies are all required to decrease the incidence rate of oral cancer.