• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.83-93
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• 1983

Vitellogenin was purified from the haemolymph of female pupae during egg formation of Bombyx mori using DEAE-cellulose column and its quantitative change in various organs with age ws examined by electrophoresis and immunodiffusion. Vitellogenin is distributed in the haemolymph, fat body, and over the egg maturation and especially maintainsa constant level in the haemolymph until just before emergence, indicating that vitellogenin in released into the haemolymph at the same amount as it is taken up by oocytes during pupal period. Immunologically vitellogenin was confirmed to be in the fat body until 7 days after pupation and to undergo a drastic decline thereafter. Also, the interaction of anti-ovary proteins with haemolymph proteins showed at least 3 homogeneous proteins, indicating that other proteins as well as vitellogenin are involved in egg formation.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.196-202
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• 1991

Juvenile honnone binding protein (JHBP) was identified in the last instar larval hemolymph of Lymantria dispar using dextran coated charcoal (DCC) binding assay and gel filtration. The p1 value of JHBP was estimated to be 5.3. JHBP was partially pudfied by polyethylene glycol(PEG) precipitation, DEAE-cellulose ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration, and was confirmed by DCC binding assay.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.167-176
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• 1987

배추흰나비의 전용기 혈림프에서 $\beta$-N-Acetylglucosaminidase를 DEAE-cellulose ion exchange 및 Sephadex G-200 column chromatography 법을 이용하여 정제하였다. 정제된 효소는 7% acrylamide gel 전기영동에서 단일 band를 나타내었으며, 당을 함유한 복합단백질이었다. 최적 pH는 5.0, 최적반응온도는 6$0^{\circ}C$이었으며, 각 온도에서 10분간 incubation한 열안정성에 있어서는 6$0^{\circ}C$까지 비교적 높은 활성을 나타내었지만 7$0^{\circ}C$ 이후에는 거의 활성을 나타내지 않았다. 또한 Hg$^2$+ 처리는 심한 효소활성의 저해 현상을 보였지만, Mn$^2$+, $Mg^2$+ 등은 활성의 증가를 나타내었으며, Km 값은 6.67$\times$10-$^3$M, pl 값은 5.8, 분자량은 4.1$\times$105 daltons 이었다.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.145-149
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• 2012

Cecropin is a well-studied antimicrobial peptide that play important role as key factor in insect humoral immunity. In this study, cecropin-like antimicrobial peptide was isolated and purified from the larval haemolymph of immune-challenged japanese oak silkworm, Antheraea yamamai. To isolate antimicrobial peptide, we separated and compared acidic extracted hemolymph protein bends between control and immune-challenged larvae using SDS-PAGE analysis. In the immune hemolymph extract, but not of non-immune hemolymph, we detected differential expressed peptide band with molecular mass 4,223.01 Da. To understand this peptide better, we successfully purified this peptide using cation exchange chromatography and gel permeation chromatography. Its N-terminal amino acid sequence obtained by Edman degradation evidenced a significant degree of identity with other lepidopteran cecropins. The purified A. yamamai cecropin-like peptide showed a broad spectrum of activity against fungi, Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1994.10a
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• pp.181.2-181
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• 1994

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.409-413
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• 2008

The occurences of proteins relating to Antheraea pernyi arylphorin in haemolymph, fat body, integument, midgut and silkgland of the wild silkmoths, Antheraea yamamai, Antheraea pernyi, Samia cynthia pryeri and Actias gnoma in the 5th larval instar were investigated by immunoblot analysis using mouse polyclonal antibody against A. pernyi arylphorin as probe. In A. yamamai, A. pernyi, S. cynthia pryeri and A. gnoma, the major immunoreactive antigenic proteins with a molecular weight of 80 KDa against the antisera of the A. pernyi arylphorin were clearly observed in the haemolymph, but in the integument, fat body, midgut and silkgland of the corresponding wild silkmoths the presence of the immunoreactive proteins were very variable. These results suggest that the A. pernyi arylphorin has almost same immunological identity with those of the wild silkmoths, A. yamamai, S. cynthia pryeri and A. gnoma though the distribution of the corresponding antigenic arylphorins is different according to the tissues of the wild silkmoths.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 1992

Effects of starvation, ligation, refeeding and methoprene treatment in the feeding phase of the fifth instar larvae of Bombyx mori on the regulation of juvenile hormone esterase(JHE) activity were investigated. Starvation and ligation contributed to the reduction of JHE activity, however, JHE levels in starved larvae were slightly higher than in legated larvae. Haemolymph JEH activity of starved larvae was increased by refeeding, and duration of increasing time of JHE activity after starvation was related to duration of starvation. When starved larvae were applied methoprene topically, JHE activity were not changed at day 0 and 1, but were increased by 1.3-1.4 times between day 2 and 5. When ligated larvae were applied methoprene topically, JHE activity was not changed at day 0, but were increased by 1.9-2.3 times between day 1 and 5. These results suggest that head factor, juvenile hormone(JH) and nutrient are major factors in the regulation of JHE in the feeding phase of the fifth instar larvae of Bombyx mori. Especially JHE might be regulated by the co-operative action of head factor and JH. However, head factor plays important role in the early stage, while JH plays important role thereafter.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.287-289
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• 2006

곤충 혈림프에서 존재하는 리포포린은 선택적으로 지질을 지질 사용및 저장기관으로 운반한다. 본 연구는 유충지방체, 성충난소 및 정소로 지질의 운반과 유충지방체 및 성충난소로 리포포린 자체가 흡수되는 과정을 조사하였다. 이들의 기능을 조사하기 위해 FITC-labeled 리포포린과 DiI-labeled 리포포린을 사용하였다. 유충지방체, 성충난소 및 정소를 DiI-labeled 리포포린과 배양한 결과 리포포린으로 부터 각 기관으로 지질을 운반함을 알 수 있었고, 또한 receptor-mediated endocytosis 억제제인 suramin, unlabeled 리포포린과 배양한 결과는 리포포린에서 각 기관으로 운반되는 지질의 양이 현저하게 감소함을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 유충지방체와 성충난소를 FITC-labeled 리포포린과 배양한 결과 위에서 언급한 지질 뿐만 아니라 리포포린 자체도 각 기관의 에너지원으로 사용하기 위해 흡수된다는 사실을 알 수 있었으며, suramin과 unlabeled 리포포린과 배양한 결과 리포포린 자체가 흡수되는 양이 현저하게 감소함을 알 수 있었다. 위 실험결과로부터 리포포린에 의한 지질의 운반과정과 리포포린 자체의 흡수과정이 receptor-mediated endocytosis로 이루어짐을 알 수 있었다.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.275-282
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of hemocytes in the hemolymph of the larvae of Pentodon quadridens bidentulus and the characteristics of the hemocytes responsible for cellular immunity during pathogen infection. Granulocytes, plasmatocytes, oenocytoids, spherulocytes, prohemocytes and adipohemocytes were found in the circulating hemocytes. Among them, granulocyte were observed as cells responsible for immunological phagocytosis during entry of foreign substances. In particular, it was observed that the most active phagocytic action occurred within 12 hours in vivo, and that after 24 hours, the immune activation was reduced and converted to a normal state. Plasmatocytes were occasionally observed as immunological response, but the remaining hemocytes were not related to immunological activation.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.337-350
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• 1989

In this study, we compared patterns of hemolvmph with ovarian proteins during the yolk formation of Gewis paludum by using SDS/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and he dimen-tlonal electrophoresis. In addition, we examined patterns of glycoprotein which were composed of yolk substances. The results were as follows: The protein patterns in ovary of the 5th instar without eggs were similar to those of adult after ovulation. Protein amounts of the ovaw without developing eggs were less than those of the ovaw containing oocvtes or matured eggs at the molecular weights range from 66, 000 to 110.000 daltons. No glvcoproteins were observed in ovaw without eggs. But the glvcoproteins were gradually increased according to development of eggs in the 5th instar. After the ovulated ovaw of adult, no glvcoprotein bands urere occurred as the bands of the ovary without eggs in the 5th instar. Also, amounts of hemolvmph protein between 66, 000 and 110, 000 in molecular weight were increased during yolk formation of the 5th instal. The results suggest that ovarian protein substances may originate from hemolpnph. In the 5th instar, the amounts of glycoprotein of developing eggs was gradually increased in the hemolymph. The band of M.W. 29, 500 was occurred in the hemolpnph of the 5th instar and adult without eggs. This protein mal be precursor of glvcoprotein in the high molecular weight area in the ovary of more developed eggs. The number of spots and the amounts of protein in ovary without eggs were less than those of ovary containing eggs by two dimensional elec-trophoresis. The protein bands between 45, 000 and 110, 000 almost appeared in acidic field of he dimensional gel. Especially, the band, M.W. 109, 000, uras separated 3 spots, a1, a2, and as. The band, M.W. 102, 000, has spots which designated b1, b2, b3, and b4. Besides, proteins below M.W. 24, 000 were occurred less spots in the basic field than those of acidic field. The mechanism of intracellular organs (= cell organells) uras related to the yolk protein synthesis of oocyte in the process of yolk protein formation of derris pcfudum.