• 농업기술회보
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.34-34
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• 2011

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.667-673
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• 2010

Organic agriculture of especially medicinal crops has been interested and focused in taking the qualitative and safety agricultural products in order to maintain and improve the health and happiness of people. With respect to the organic agriculture relating to cropping system, objectives of this study were to examine the seedling establishment after seed germination and emergence and to investigate the early seedling growths of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge with treating two green manure crops, hairy vetch of legume and rye of gramineae, two different conditions of green manures, fresh and dry, and different seeding times. When the seeds were planted at once after treating the green manures with the fresh condition into the soil, the ratios of seedling establishment were very poor, less than 10% in hairy vetch and 20% in rye, respectively. They were increased gradually with delaying the seeding times after the treatments. With treating the green manures of dry conditions, the ratios of seedling establishment were up more than 50% in both hairy vetch and rye crops, showing that the damages of seedling establishment were more in hairy vetch than those in rye. The early seedling growths were slower in treating the green manures than those in the control, showing slow growth with fresh green manures compared to the dry. It would be very important and considered more to evaluate and utilize well the seed germination and the seedling establishment in cultivation of the organic agriculture using the green manure crops relating to the cropping system.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 2011

The seasonal occurrence of Riptortus pedestris Fabricius was investigated using pheromone traps baited with its aggregation pheromone in the fields with various crop composition (mixture culture of barley and hairy vetch in Asan, Chungnam; monoculture of hairy vetch in Yuseung, Daejeon) from mid-May to mid-July of seed gathering season in 2010. The invasion of R. pedestris into the experimental fields began to increase rapidly from late-June in which period hairy vetch and barley reach the beginning of seed formation stage. After seed gathering season in mid-July, the invasion rate of R. pedestris decreased, and the activity was continually observed till early-November. In addition to dominant R. pedestris species, 33 species of hemiptera including Apolyaus watajii, Dolycoris baccarum, Adelphocoris suturalis, and Yemma exlis were collected, which indicated abundant species diversity in the hairy vetch fields. In the laboratory, R. pedestris did not developed successfully to adult stage on food sources of hairy vetch, with decreasing survival rate after 4th instar and the failure of emergence to adult stage. Also, R. pedestris showed higher preference on soybeans than hairy vetch. Consequently, hairy vetch may be not true host for the development and survival of R. pedestris. It is considered that R. pedestris is a temporary visitor at the season of seed formation in hairy vetch fields.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.61-68
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• 2013

This study was conducted to evaluate overwintering of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth), biomass, and inorganic N concentration in soil to verify the adaptability of eight cultivars of hairy vetch into country. Winter survival rate was higher for the hairy vetch cultivars, such as Hungvillosa or Ostsaat, than those of Minnie, Oregon common, and TTF1, which affected amount of biomass of each hairy vetch, with higher biomass observed in Hungvillosa or Ostsaat cultivar. There were no significant difference for the mineral nutrients of each hairy vetch cultivar. Inorganic N concentration in soil was increased at 10 days after mowing by application of Hungvillosa and Ostsaat cultivars that had highly produced N content from the raw materials.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.131-136
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• 2013

This study was conducted to select rhizobia from hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) with nodulation and excellent nitrogen-fixing ability. Hairy vetch root was collected from 7 of cultivation region of all over the country, rhizobia were isolated from the root nodules. Isolates were re-inoculated into a hairy vetch separately and studied nodulation and nitrogen-fixing ability. As a result, total of 52 Rhizobium isolates were isolated from the hairy vetch root nodules, among these, 16 isolates were Rhizobium which show good growth at more than 0.5% NaCl concentration. These 16 isolates were re-inoculated separately, 8 weeks after, good root nodule formation was observed from Rhizobium sp. RH1, RH3, RH81, RH82, RH84, and RH93 strain treated samples. Six isolates were positive for nitrogen fixing ability, the highest acetylene reduction activity was shown by Rhizobium sp. RH84. Results suggest that the Rhizobium sp. RH84 could be used as the possibility of its application as a green manure crop of hairy vetches in nonuniform salt distribution reclaimed land.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.701-710
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• 2013

This experiment was carried out to determine the forage production and soil characteristics in mixtures of barley and annual legumes at riverbed. The dry matter (DM) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) in barley and hairy vetch mixture were higher compared to other mixtures. Barley, single cropping was the highest in DM content. Comparing different mixtures, barley and crimson clover mixture was higher than other mixtures in DM contest. The crude protein (CP) content of barely and hairy vetch mixture was highest, but ether extract (EE) and TDN contents were lower than other mixtures. Barely and hairy vetch mixture significantly removed organic matter and phosphorus from riverbed through forage production (P<0.05). The total nitrogen (TN) of barley and hairy vetch mixture was highest because of high nitrogen fixation in riverbed soil. Single barley was highest in organic matter (OM) of soil. Comparing different mixtures, barley and crimson clover mixture was higher than other mixtures in OM contest. The available P2O5 of soil in barley and crimson clover mixture and barley and rape mixture were higher than others, and that of barley and hairy vetch was lower than other mixtures. The barely and hairy vetch mixture was highest in cation exchange capacity (CEC) content. Therefore barley and hairy vetch mixture is more suitable in forage mixtures because of high forage production and protein, and reduction of soil phosphorus in riverbed.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.805-809
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• 2012

To evaluate the effects of liquid pig manure (LPM) on green manure crop yields, plant height and biomass of green manure crops were investigated in single and companion cropping. Green manure crops used for this experiment were Hordeum vulgare L. (green barley) and Vicia villosa roth (hairy vetch). Field experiment was designed with LPM 1.65 (LPM of $1.65ton\;10a^{-1}$ + single and companion green crops), LPM 3.3 (LPM of $3.3ton\;10a^{-1}$ + single and companion green crops) and LPM 6.6 (LPM of 6.6$6.6ton\;10a^{-1}$ + single and companion green crops). In single cropping, plant height were high in LPM 3.3. In companion cropping, plant height were high in LPM 6.6. Thus, we found that application of LPM is general enough to reduce use of chemical fertilizer. Also, optimum application level in single cropping would be LPM 3.3 and in companion cropping would be higher than LPM 3.3.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.205-217
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• 2006

This research was carried out to investigate the effects of some organic materials such as rice straw, compost, hairy vetch, phosphate rock, magnesium lime powder and ash in the organic paddy fields, and also to develope the new technique for better soil management using described materials. The results are as follows; Height and tiller of rice plants were higher in chemical fertilizer than rice straw or compost, however, those of rice plants in hairy vetch-rice cropping system reached to chemical fertilizer. The Eh value of soil has decreased consecutively since on 30th, May because of the rising of soil temperature by an increase in the activity of microbes. As a result of measuring yield and yield components, there is not significant difference between treatment. The application of organic materials enriched the contents of available phosphorus, exchangible potassium and calcium in soil, and, also improved the physical properties such as pore space rates and bulk density. From the viewpoint of soil management technology in organic paddy fields, the application of rice straw or organic compost might cause the decrease of yield compared with conventional cultivation system, chemical fertilizer, however, the application of hairy vetch residues of soil compensated for growth and yield as well as improved the physicochemical property. Therefore, it is assumed that the cultivation of hairy vetch for winter season can be one of the useful methods for organic farming system.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.83-88
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• 2003

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of the mulching of hairy vetch and pig manure on the growth, yield and crude protein contents of the mulching of hairy vetch and application of animal slurry were treated and investigated in $2000{\sim}2002$. At the first year of cultivation, there were no differences among the treatments in plant height, but second year the growth of plants increased and continued over long times as the hairy vetch mulched and fertilized. The length and diameter of plant root were increased in the plot of hairy vetch mulching and the application of animal slurry. At first year of cultivation, no clear difference was found for among the treatments on dry weight and dry matter ratio in roots. At second year of cultivation, they were increased at in the plot of mulching and fertilizer treatment. The appearances of weeds in the field on Astragalus membranaces were much lower on the plots of live-mulching of hairy vetch than those on the control. The yield of root was 255kg highest in the plot of mulching and animal slurry application of 2-year-old roots. The root yield of Astragalus membranaces was increased about $8{\sim}10%$ compared to that with control, due to supply of nutrients. During the cultivation times, organic matters and N contents in soil increased by the mulching of hairy vetch and the application of animal slurry. The concentration of K, Ca concentration in soil showed a tendency to increase.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.294-300
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• 2005

The effect of hairy vetch sod culture on reduction of soil loss and providing of nitrogen was investigated for the fields of Chinese cabbage in Hoenggye-Ri, Pyeongchang-Gun Gangwon-Do (780 m above sea level) from 2002 to 2003. Hairy vetch was sowed at just before planting, 15, 30 and 40 days after planting and right after harvest of Chinese cabbage. Hairy vetch was sod-cultivated with Chinese cabbage. The amount of sowing was $40kg\;10a^{-1}$. In this experiment, proper sowing times that had no influence on the yield of Chinese cabbage were 30 and 40 days after planting while other sowing times led to decrease the yield. In case of the former, there was 74% reduction effect of soil loss compared with no-hairy vetch because of covering the fields with hairy vetch right after harvest. Moreover, when the hairy vetch was put into the soil before planting of Chinese cabbage in the next year, it showed 61-79% substitution effect of standard application rate ($320kg\;ha^{-1}$, chemical fertilizer) for nitrogen fertilizer. It is suggested that using hairy vetch as cover crop would be useful in conservation of soil loss and reduction input of agricultural materials.