• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.69-78
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• 2016

Ischemic stroke is a disease that the brain tissues cannot function by reducing blood flow due to thrombosis or embolisms. Due to the nature of the disease, it is most important to identify the status of cerebral vessel and the medical images are necessarily used for its diagnosis. Among many indicators, brain MRI is most widely utilized because experts can effectively obtain the semantic information such as cerebral anatomy aiding the diagnosis with it. However, in case of emergency diseases like ischemic stroke, even though a intelligent system is required for supporting the prompt diagnosis and treatment, the current systems have some difficulties to provide the information of medical images intuitively. In other words, as the current systems have managed the medical images based on the basic meta-data such as image name, ID and so on, they cannot consider semantic information inherent in medical images. Therefore, in this paper, to provide core information like cerebral anatomy contained in brain MRI, we suggest a template-driven medical images mapping method. The key idea of the method is defining the mapping characteristics between anatomic feature and representative images by using template images that can be representative of the whole brain MRI image set and revealing the semantic relations that only medical experts can check between images. With our method, it will be possible to manage the medical images based on semantic.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.70-84
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• 2008

A series of the studies on the applied physical properties of domestic species have been conducted last three years. Pinus densiflora was one of the three species examined for the first year. Because the same apparatus and experimental procedures were used for all species, their results can be easily comparable. The experiments for sorption property were conducted with 20- and 80-mesh wood powder and resulted in their EMC's and sorption isotherms at various heating conditions. The thermal conductivity and diffusivity, and electric resistance and volumetric electric resistivity were measured with a thermal-wire device and a high electric resistance meter. The differences of the thermal and electric properties between quarter- and flat-sawn specimens were observed, which was partially attributed to their anatomical differences. An acoustic measurement system was used to evaluate dynamic MOE and internal friction. This paper provides the useful fundamental data for designing a wood structure, correcting a portable resistance-type moisture meter, and nondestructive testing wood.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.188-193
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• 2019

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a commonly used and rapidly evolving non-invasive treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It is important that understanding individual anatomical variants and planning for tumor-feeding artery access to acquire adequate treatment effectiveness. In this study, we will report acquired arteriovenous malformation which interferes with TACE for HCC. A 72-year-old man with persistent abdominal pain for 2 days visited our hospital. The patient was chronic hepatitis B carrier and had a history of HCC treated with conventional TACE 10 years ago. Hypervascular nodular HCC in the liver segment 8 and aberrant right hepatic artery from the superior mesenteric artery were detected on computed tomography (CT). When first TACE was performed, the tumor-feeding artery originating from the left hepatic artery was found and embolized. There was no tumor-feeding artery from the right hepatic artery but arteriovenous malformation was found. After a month, follow up CT showed necrotic lesion and residual HCC and we performed secondary TACE. On secondary TACE, we selected the right hepatic artery and passed through arteriovenous malformation. Superselective-angiogram showed remnant tumoral staining and remnant tumor was embolized using drug-eluting bead and Adriamycin. Final angiogram showed no remnant tumoral staining and the patient was discharged without complication. We found the rare case of arteriovenous malformation adjacent to HCC, and we performed superselective TACE beyond arteriovenous malformation to treat HCC.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.51-75
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• 2022

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation that is able to alter neuronal activity in particular brain regions. Many studies have researched how tDCS modulates neuronal activity and reorganizes neural networks. However it is difficult to conclude the effect of brain stimulation because the studies are heterogeneous with respect to the stimulation parameter as well as individual difference. It is not fully in agreement with the effects of brain stimulation. In particular few studies have researched the reason of variability of brain stimulation in response to time so far. The study investigated individual variability of brain stimulation based on circadian rhythm and chronotype. Participants were divided into two groups which are morning type and evening type. The experiment was conducted by Zoom meeting which is video meeting programs. Participants were sent experiment tool which are Muse(EEG device), tdcs device, cell phone and cell phone holder after manuals for experimental equipment were explained. Participants were required to make a phone in frount of a camera so that experimenter can monitor online EEG data. Two participants who was difficult to use experimental devices experimented in a laboratory setting where experimenter set up devices. For all participants the accuracy of 98% was achieved by SVM using leave one out cross validation in classification in the the effects of morning stimulation and the evening stimulation. For morning type, the accuracy of 92% and 96% was achieved in classification in the morning stimulation and the evening stimulation. For evening type, it was 94% accuracy in classification for the effect of brain stimulation in the morning and the evening. Feature importance was different both in classification in the morning stimulation and the evening stimulation for morning type and evening type. Results indicated that the effect of brain stimulation can be explained with brain state and trait. Our study results noted that the tDCS protocol for target state is manipulated by individual differences as well as target state.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.261-268
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• 2004

Osteoporosis is a clinical condition in which the amount of bone tissue is reduced and the likelihood of fracture is increased. It is known that the electrical property of the bone is related to its density, and, in particular, the electrical resistance of the bone decreases as the bone loss increases. This implies that the electrical property of bone may be an useful parameter to diagnose osteoporosis, provided that it can be readily measured. The study attempted to evaluate the electrical conductivity of bone using a technique of electrical impedance tomography (EIT). It nay not be easy in general to get an EIT for the bone due to the big difference (an order of 2) of electrical properties between the bone and the surrounding soft tissue. In the present study, we took an adaptive mesh regeneration technique originally developed for the detection of two phase boundaries and modified it to be able to reconstruct the electrical conductivity inside the boundary provided that the geometry of the boundary was given. Numerical simulation was carried out for a tibia phantom, circular cylindrical phantom (radius of 40 mm) inside of which there is an ellipsoidal homeogenous tibia bone (short and long radius are 17 mm and 15 mm, respectively) surrounded by the soft tissue. The bone was located in the 15 mm above from the center of the circular cross section of the phantom. The electrical conductivity of the soft tissue was set to be 4 mS/cm and varies from 0.01 to 1 ms/cm for the bone. The simulation considered measurement errors in order to look into its effects. The simulated results showed that, if the measurement error was maintained less than 5 %, the reconstructed electrical conductivity of the bone was within 10 % errors. The accuracy increased with the electrical conductivity of the bone, as expected. This indicates that the present technique provides more accurate information for osteoporotic bones. It should be noted that tile simulation is based on a simple two phase image for the bone and the surrounding soft tissue when its anatomical information is provided. Nevertheless, the study indicates the possibility that the EIT technique may be used as a new means to detect the bone loss leading to osteoporotic fractures.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.41-45
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• 1970

This study was carried out to investigate the identification of the woods of commercially important exotic tree species grown in Korea. The test trees used in this study were selected 21 species grown in Kwangyang and Suwon, Korea. The items of macroscopical features were observed and examined principally on the annual rings, transitions spring to the summerwood, pore types and arrangements, sap and heartwoods, wood colors, odor and tastes, resin ducts, parenchymas, and rays etc. The microscopical features observable in the elements, and their compositions such as vessels, tracheids, wood fibers, ray parenchyma cells, and intercellular cannals were observed and measured. The observed and measured results investigated were synthesized, and accordance with these results macroscopical and microscopical keys were prepared for the wood identification as seen in the text.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.122-126
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate plant growth characteristics and anatomical studies of Korean mistel (Viscum album var. coloratum (Kom.) Ohwi). Parasite position was upper part that has a plenty of sunshine area 5 to 10m apart from the ground, regardless host tree. Stem developed two branch stems from the each basal stem, leaf was grown from the end stems as opposite. Fruit has a light yellow color and berry size was 7 to 8 mm long diameter and it contains seed. Floral bud differentiation initiated with forming rounded dome and arch-shaped floral apex at the beginning stage, and produced heart-shaped sepal following the differentiation of leaf primordia. Floral bud formation processed centeral part first and following bilateral sides were developed in order. Leaf was thick and stoma and guard cell were observed from the two or three inner layers from the epidermis. Mistletoe penetrated cork cambium of host plant and was growing by rooting on xylem. Korean mistel connected to host plant through parasitic organ, haustorium structurally and physiologically.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.103-111
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• 1993

A greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the number of optimum. tillers within a plant for high yield and to clarify the morpho-anatomical characteristics of cultivars having different tillering abilities. Optimum tillers, i.e tillers which produced heavy panicles were found to be around five to nine tillers per plant, although wider range may be possible if more cultivars were tested or under different growth conditions. Optimum tillers emerged within a short time after transplanting as compared with the other tillers. They exhibited longer tiller duration, produced more spikelets and had better filled spikelets, more vascular bundles and were taller with larger leaf area. However, the 1, 000 grain weight and fertility varied with cultivars and showed no general trend. Of this morpho-anatomical features, the total number of spike lets per plant was considered as the potential criterion for determining the optimum tiller number.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.205-209
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• 2004

For the purpose of this study was accumulating histological data of skin some amphibia near Chiri Mt. and Moodeung Mt. Analyzed Anura and Caudata were Rana nigromaculata, Rana rugosa, Rana catesbeiana, Hynobius leechii. The histological prepared skin of frogs were compared, of which were selected from dorsal and belly. Excretory glands were identified granular glands, mucous glands, serous glands, vacuoles and excretory ducts in epidermal and dermal tissue. And developing excretory glands, well developed excretory glands and post developing excretory glands were identified also. These results were significantly as basal data on the comparative epidermal skin histology on some Korean Amphibia. Probably these glands of amphibian skin could be infered which were adaptable structure to ecological suffered condition. Following study of these results were more considerable data for comparative histology, comparative anatomy and comparative physiology and ecology of Amphibia.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.421-434
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• 2013

The brains of adolescents experience rapid changes, which has been studied to prove relatedness between neuroanatomical properties and IQ. But, most previous studies infer the relatedness from purely cross-sectional data. This study not only measured the thickness of the cerebral cortex once, but traced its variability and the relatedness between IQ and this variability, which was presumed to be 75. Healthy adolescents (M=16yr. and 4month) were divided into 5-stage categories based on their intellectual ability and MRI scan was made twice every 6 months to measure the variablity of their cerebral cortex. As a result, a big difference in the variability of the cerebral cortex was shown based on their IQ. Three groups with an IQ of more than 120 showed a decrease in the thickness of the cerebral cortex in 11 brain regions, while two groups with an IQ lower than 120 showed an increase in the cerebral cortex thickness in 5 to 8 regions. It is presumed that the lower the IQ, the slower the maturation of the cerebral cortex.