• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.132-177
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• 1974

Toe public library may perform a social good only when its objectives are adequate to the community's needs. The present purpose of the public library in the Korean Library Act has no direct concern for our social needs from its very beginning because it was not created in response to our social needs but transplanted from American principles. It is, therefore. difficult to expect socially useful output of our public library programs under the present purpose which may be inadequate to our social tradition and needs. This study purposes to examine validity of the present purpose of the public library in the Korean Library Act, in the light of our community needs and our own library tradition. The methods employed to achieve the purpose of the study are (1) to survey needs of the library frequenters through questionnaire, and interviews with the public librarians in Seoul, (2) to gather the statistical data relevant to, and supporting, the hypothesis, and (3) to compare our social background with that of the United States of which the American purpose, a model for our present purpose, came out. The conclusion is as follows: A. The idea to induce people to pull themselves upward by providing for all the members of the community access to the world's best books shelved in the public library should be abandoned. The reasons are (1) that the idea is alien in our public library tradition, (2) that little demand of the community goes with the idea, and (3) that reading outside the library has come into wide practice, thanks to recent increase in individual income and that in publications. B. That the public library maintains fiction and other recreational reading materials is meaningless in the light of the community needs. These are the two explanations supporting the thesis. (1) The "uplift" theory has proved inoperative and people apparently do not progress from, light fiction to more respectable fare. (2) The conviction that fiction and other recreational reading materials keep the middling classes from the "vicious" entertainments maintaining order in the community by giving them a harmless source of recreation has lost its significance as the modern society provides a number of choices in recreation: television is an obvious example. C. The nature of the informational needs of the community has radically changed, so radically as to require substantial changes in the outlook, collections, and services of the public library, which is :slow in adopting itself to the new social surroundings in Korea. D. 92.2 per Cent of the present frequenters of the public library are high school and college students. Since the library is to meet the existing community needs it should turn its attention to the student group, and develop the means to serve it better, not the "theoretical group of specialists who do not come to "the public library. E. In revision of the purpose of the public library, priority of each objective should be given. The priorities in the last analysis are research and information. culture, recreation in that order.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.11 no.4 s.27
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• pp.77-91
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• 2005

The aim of this study was to determine what kinds of an effect on dietary behaviors of elementary school students in seoul by gender. So this survey is classified into nutrition knowledge, food habit dietary behaviors. Nutrition knowledge is different from gender, male is scoring 6.90 out of 10 and female is scoring 7.03 out of 10. Food habit is also different from gender, male is scoring 4.17 out of 10 and female is scoring 4.79 out of 10. Dietary behaviors also female is better than male. This result shows that food service should be more highly satisfied with the food service quality than the food service quantity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.1681-1692
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• 2001

본 연구는 광복 이후 현재까지 첫돌 복식 변화를 시대적으로 고찰, 그 변화 양상과 영 향 요인을 규명하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 연구 방법은 문헌 고찰과 사진 자료를 통한 내용 분석을 주로 하였다. 더불어 자료의 보충을 위해 첫돌 의례와 관련된 주변 인물들-가족, 기성 아동 한복 유통 상인, 상업적 사진사 등-의 면접 조사도 병행하였다. 이상의 연구를 통해 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1940년대 중반∼50년대 초에는 해방 이후 혼란과 전란으로 인한 물자의 부족으로 첫돌 의례의 명분은 남아있으나 복식 문화는 공백기를 맞는다. 1950년대 중반이후 60년대 전반기는 미국의 경제 원조와 섬유 공업 활성화로 의료의 공급이 원활하여 전기에 비해 의례적 의미를 지닌 첫돌 복식의 착용이 가능해 졌다. 전통 한복을 기본으로 한 위에 서양식 복식 품목들이 섞여서 나타나고 있다 60년대 후반에서 1970년대의 두드러진 양상은 기성복 산업 의 발달로 전문적 인 기성복 시장이 형성되었고 이는 기성복화 된 첫돌 복식의 일습 개념을 등장시키게 하였다. 또한 한복이 예복화 되는 경 향이 두드러지게 나타났던 시기로 70년대 후반의 칼라 필름의 보급은 금박과 자수와 같은 다양한 재료와 재단 방법을 사용한 장식화 된 첫돌 복식의 사용을 가속화 시 켰다. 특히 70년대 중반에 소수의 일반에게 입혀졌던 궁중복식의 하나인 당의가 소매없는 당의로 바뀌어 여아의 돌옷으로 입혀지기 시작하였다. 1980년대 전반기는 칼라 TV의 보급, 비디오 촬영의 보편화로 한복이던 양복이던 일습화 된 첫돌 복식이 대중적으로 정착하게 되었다. 후반기에는 국내의 국제적인 행사의 유치와 전통 복식 소개를 위한 전시들을 계기로 왕실 복식에 대한 관심이 고조되었다. 이로 인해 여아에게 소매없는 당의를 입히고 남아에게 용포를 입히는 유행이 가속화되었다. 또한 서양식 예복을 입히는 유행이 시작되었다. 90년대에 들어와 아기 전문사진점의 등장은 1 회적인 첫돌 의례에 한복과 서양식 예복, 일상복 등을 다양하게 착용시키는 계기를 가져오게 하였다. 이상과 같은 다양한 변화 양상에도 불구하고 첫돌을 기념하기 위해 특별한 옷을 마련하고자 했으며, 그 복식의 구성 이 전통적인 일습 개념을 꾸준히 지향해 온 경향을 보여주고 있다. 반면 최근 과열된 아동 산업은 보다 다양한 복식을 입혀서 촬영한 사진으로 특별하게 꾸민 상업적인 기념물들을 남겨주게 하고 있다. 비록 특별한 옷을 준비하여 아동에게 입히는 행위는 유사한 표현 양태이나 지나치게 많은 옷을 갈아 입히는 표현 방식은 지양되어야할 것이다

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.44-52
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• 2005

This study was conducted to investigate Korean youths' use of fastfood and family restaurants in different regions, especially among cities and rural towns. Total 1,600 questionnaire surveys were distributed to Junior high and Senior high school students and 1,487 were used for the analysis. In order to consider regional differences as well as overall characteristics of youths' fastfood and family restaurant visiting behaviors, the subjects were evenly sampled from north Seoul, south Seoul, big cities, middle/small cities and small towns. As for the frequency of visiting fastfood restaurants, 58.3% of the respondents answered 'once to five times' a week. South Seoul area showed the highest frequency. 'Easiness' was the main reason of eating fastfood, which was up to 57.8% of the overall respondents while 42.8% of the small town youth ate fastfood because of the 'good taste.' As for the concepts on fastfood, 42.7% understood it as 'easy to eat' while 33.6% responded as 'easy to get fat.' For the question of getting channel of fastfood information, 44.8% answered 'TV' and 28.3% responded 'from friends.' Coupons were found to affect fastfood restaurant visits, highest in south Seoul, and lowest in small cities. For the question of the relationship of Koreanized menus and fastfood restaurant visits, small towns showed the highest frequency, while South/North Seoul had the lowest frequency. For the percentage of visiting family restaurants, respondents answered in the order of South Seoul(59.7%), North Seoul(44.5%), Big cities(39.5%), small cities(19.4%), and small towns(13.1%). Most of youth visited family restaurants because of the taste, while youths of middle/small cities visited due to the atmosphere. The effect of coupons on visiting family restaurants were found to be lower than the one of fastfood restaurants. Korean youths were found to visit fastfood restaurants very frequently in all regions and the tendency of visiting family restaurants is also increasing. At this point, balanced menus and education for healthy eating habits are urgently needed for the youth.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.172-180
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• 2007

A new diagnostics of plasma electron temperature and plasma density is introduced with the observation of the light emission along the tube of external electrode fluorescent lamps. With two different methods operating an external electrode fluorescent lamp of outer diameter 4.0 mm and length 860 mm for the back-light source of 37-inch LCD-TVs, the lighting modes and the plasma properties are investigated. In the center balance operation, the light-emission propagates simultaneously from both sides of the high voltage electrodes to the center of the lamp, while in conventional operation the light-emission propagates from the one end of a high voltage to the other ground electrode. In the operation value of luminance $10,000{\sim}15,000cd/m^2$, the electron plasma thermal energy $(kT_e)$ is about $1.3{\sim}2.7eV$ with the electron density $(n_e)$ is about $(1.6{\sim}3.6){\times}10^{16}m^{-3}$.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.5 no.9
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• pp.1101-1110
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• 2004

In the first quarter of 2004, there were about 1 billion 348 million mobile phone users worldwide with a penetration rate of only 29%. Korea ranks among the highest in the use of mobile communication, having over 36 million mobile phone subscribers with a mobile phone penetration rate of 75% as of May 2004. Since the introduction of wireless Internet service in May 1999, the number of subscribers rose to 34.5 million with 95.3% of the total mobile phone subscribers using wireless Internet services in May 2004, largely due to continued investments by telecommunication service providers, improvement of mobile handsets (color and digital camera phones) and implementation of policies on mobile number portability. In the Korean wireless Internet market, there are many user complaints since the service providers are competing with each other through TV commercial sales and phone discounts rather than improving their call quality, services and billing systems. therefore there is a growing need to improve the billing systems through means such as the implementation of reasonable payment plans according to consumer use, development of a wireless Internet billing system that can predict the number of users and establishment of pricing standards for controlled data (head, tail, etc...) as well as menu information by testing the texts. multimedia, video and other types of content provided by the three major mobile communication companies. The purpose of this study is to promote wireless Internet services and protect user rights by proposing a reasonable way to improve the billing systems for wireless Internet services after conducting a comparative analysis of file size and billing data of each of the service providers through a verification test on a packet billing system for wireless Internet services.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.1310-1318
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• 2007

First of all, What was the modeling technique used to model 3D-Game character? It's a technique developed along several years, by experience... here is the bases Low polygons characters I always work in low polygon for two reasons -You can easily modify a low-poly character, change shapes, make morph for facial expressions etc -You can easily animate a low-poly character When the modeling is finished, Second, In these days, Computer hardware technologies have been bring about that expansion of various 3D digital motion pictured information and development. 3D digital techniques can be used to be diversity in Animation, Virtual-Reality, Movie, Advertisement, Game and so on. Besides, as computing power has been better and higher, the development of 3D Animations and Character are required gradually. In order to satisfy the requirement, Research about how to make 3D Game modeling that represents Character's emotions, sensibilities, is beginning to set its appearance. 3D characters in 3D Games are the core for the communications of emotion and the informations through their facial expression and characteristic motions, Sounds to Users. All concerning about 3D motion and facial expression are getting higher with extension of frequency in use. Therefore, in this study we suggest the effective method of modeling for 3D character and which are based on 2D Graphics.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.02a
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• pp.1342-1350
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• 2009

In accordance with the development of broadcasting, the style of using medium by users has been personalized in the propensity to consume. Recent advent of media convergence allowed users of medium to decide the received environment for their needs, thereby the position of users has become more important in the medium consumption. IPTV has the most advanced form of personalized information media. However, IPTV was made by media convergence, which has relation with a variety of interested parties, so there are a few troubles among them in the way of commercializing IPTV. As a matter of fact, although users play a leading role in the IPTV industry, there are still few discussions on the welfare of users. IPTV should be remained the characteristic of the medium of personalized information, and it should include the welfare of users in various fields of media convergence. That is Universal Service. It is necessary to be guaranteed the access right and the variety of contents in using IPTV. Moreover, in terms of telecommunication, IPTV should insure the reasonable fare system as a pay-services. On the basis of the analysis in local and international IPTV circumstances, in terms of content as a medium of personalized information, in terms of fares as a pay-services, and in terms of digital literacy as a new medium of digital access, policies for welfare of users are suggested.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.45-65
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• 2009

As a number of people using the internet for their shopping steadily rises, it is increasingly important for retailers to understand why consumers decide to buy products via online or offline. The main purpose of this study is to develop and test a model that enhance our understanding of how consumers respond future online and offline channels for their purchasing. Rather than merely adopting statistical models like most other studies in this field, the present study develops a model that combines double-cohort method with multinomial logit model. It is desirable if one can adopt an overall encompassing criterion in the study of consumer behaviors form diverse sales channels. This study uses the concept of cohort or aging to enable this comparison. It enables us to analyze how consumers respond to online and offline channels as people aged by measuring their shopping behavior for an online and offline retailers and their subsequent purchase intentions. Based on some empirical findings, this study concludes with policy implications and some necessary fields of future studies desirable.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.41-41
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• 2008

In general, polyimides (PIs) are used in alignment layers in liquid crystal displays (LCDs). The rubbing alignment technique has been widely used to align the LC molecules on the PI layer. Although this method is suitable for mass production of LCDs because of its simple process and high productivity, it has certain limitations. A rubbed PI surface includes debris left by the cloth, and the generation of electrostatic charges during the rubbing induces local defects, streaks, and a grating-like wavy surface due to nonuniform microgrooves that degrade the display resolution of computer displays and digital television. Additional washing and drying to remove the debris, and overwriting for multi-domain formation to improve the electro-optical characteristics such as the wide viewing angle, reduce the cost-effectiveness of the process. Therefore, an alternative to non-rubbing techniques without changing the LC alignment layer (i.e, PI) is proposed. The surface of LC alignment layers as a function of the ion beam (IE) energy was modified. Various pretilt angles were created on the IB-irradiated PI surfaces. After IB irradiation, the Ar ions did not change the morphology of the PI surface, indicating that the pretilt angle was not due to microgrooves. To verify the compositional behavior for the LC alignment, the chemical bonding states of the ill-irradiated PI surfaces were analyzed in detail by XPS. The chemical structure analysis showed that ability of LCs to align was due to the preferential orientation of the carbon network, which was caused by the breaking of C=O double bonds in the imide ring, parallel to the incident 18 direction. The potential of non-rubbing technology for fabricating display devices was further conformed by achieving the superior electro-optical characteristics, compared to rubbed PI.