• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.10A no.4
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• pp.411-418
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• 2003

After the general and multi-function PC age is gone, A new type of computing devices is developing. The need of consumer increases a new device with very necessary function instead of all-mighty functional PC. The operating system of this works is linux because of open source licensing and a strong developer community. The Post PC industry represents and environment that will foster dramatic growth and new development. The adoption of embedded linux in this market will not be driven by simple replacement of expensive proprietary operating systems. In this paper we describe the practical design and implementation project of Post-PC Platform. We illustrate "the development of digital consumer Post-PC platform technology," focus the fourth project, and describe the development works of this project.s project.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.75-86
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• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate the changes in patients and medical services before and after the Separation of Prescription and Dispensing in Health Center. For the purpose of this study, prescription data of 5,890 prescribed patients in March 2000(before the Separation of Prescription and Dispensing) and 3,496 prescribed patients in March 2001(after the Separation) in 4 Health Centers located in Gyeongsangbuk-do and Gyeongsangnam-do were collected. For investigation of the change of character of prescribed patients and the disease, sex, age, chief diagnosis, the hind of medical insurance, days of visit, days of prescription were investigated by using National Health Insurance claim data. And for investigation of change of prescription, prescribed drugs per each claim, the use rate of antibiotics, injection, and high-price antiphlogistic drug were investigated for acute respiratory disease and musculoskeletal disease. The major results were as follows: For the changes of prescribed patients of each disease, patients with acute respiratory disease were decreased by 49.7% after the Separation of Prescription and Dispensing than before the Separation of Prescription and Dispensing and patients with hypertension(18.1%), patients with musculoskeletal disease(70.5%), patients with diabetes(8.5%), patients with digestive organ disease(71.2%), patients with chronic respiratory disease(76.4%) were decreased. But patients with urethritis were increased by 66.7%. The mean Health Center visited days of prescribed patients decreased significantly after the Separation of Prescription and Dispensing than before in both male and female(p<0.01) and in health insurance patients(p<0.01). For the each of the disease, hypertension, diabetes, musculoskeletal disease decreased. The mean prescribed days increased after the Separation of Prescription and Dispensing than before(p<0.01). According to the kine of disease, the mean prescribed days increased after the Separation of Prescription and Dispensing than before in all the diseases except the urethritis(p<0.01). For acute respiratory diseases, number of prescribed drugs per each claim decreased significantly after the Separation of Prescription and Dispensing(4.7 drugs) than before(4.9 drugs) and the prescription rate of injection decreased significantly from 63.8% to 7.70%, and the prescription rate of antibiotics decreased significantly from 337% to 19.1%(p<0.01). For musculoskeletal diseases before and after Separation of Prescription and Dispensing, number of prescribed drugs per each claim decreased significantly from 3.7 to 3.2 and the prescription rate of injection decreased significantly from 64.9% to 1.7%, and the prescription rate of high-price antiphlogistic drugs increased significantly from 29.1% to 397%(p<0.01). In consideration of above findings, the mean visited days decreased and on the contrary, the mean prescribed days per each prescription increased after Separation of Prescription and Dispensing than before in health centers. For the prescription pattern of physicians, number of prescribed drugs and the prescription rates of injection and antibiotics per each claim decreased, but the prescription rate of high-price antiphlogistic drugs increased after Separation of Prescription and Dispensing.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.323-334
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to grasp the actual condition for social exclusion for the elderly, to understand the predictive factors of social exclusion. To achieve this objective, the social exclusion for the elderly was examined targeting 4,040 old people in more than 65 years old by using the second data for Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing(KLoSA) in 2008 by Korea Labor Institute. First, as a result of examining the actual condition for social exclusion for the elderly, the old people were indicated to be 45.4% for economic exclusion, 78.7% for working exclusion, 17.8% for residing exclusion, 43.8% for health exclusion, 33.7% for educational exclusion, and 34.3% for social-activity exclusion. Second, the possibility to be excluded economically was indicated to be bigger in the older age, in a case of not residing in a city and in the more number in household members. The possibility to be excluded from working was indicated to be higher in a case that old person is woman, in the older age, in a case that old person’s religion is christianity, in a case without spouse, in the more residing in a city, in a case that a household type is poor, in a case of dwelling in apartment, in the more number in household members. The possibility to be excluded from residing was indicated to be higher, in a case without spouse, in the more residing in a city, in a case that a household type is poor, in a case that a residing house type is general house, and in the less number in children. The possibility to be excluded from education was indicated to be higher in a case that old person is woman, in the older age, in a case that religion is not Christianity, in a case without spouse, in a case of not residing in a city, in a case that a household type is poor, in a case of the more children alive. The possibility to be excluded from health was indicated to be higher in a case that old person is woman, in the older age and in a case that a household type is poor. The possibility to be excluded from social activity was indicated to be higher in a case that old person is woman, in the older age, in a case that religion is not Christianity, in a case that a household type is poor, in a case of dwelling in apartment. This study has value as a basic research on social exclusion for the elderly.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.255-266
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• 2010

This study aims to discover the relations between physical activities of the elderly and their health-related quality of life. For the study, it targeted 720 of the 778 elderly persons whose ages were above 65 for a final analysis except 58 whose physical activities and health-related quality of life could not be evaluated from the data of the first year of the 4th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHANES IV-1), 2007. As a result, it was discovered that there were significant differences in the elderly's health-related quality of life according to age, education, sleeping hours, stress, the number of chronic diseases and subjective awareness of health. In particular, there were significant differences in their health-related quality of life between the group with high physical activity level and the group with low physical activity level. Based on the results above, it is suggested that the persons with higher performance ability of physical activities can have higher quality of living along with increase of energy and further studies dealing with more factors, ranges and periods are needed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.414-414
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• 2022

본 연구는 2022년도 "제주특별자치도 수자원 부존현황 조사 및 분석 사업"의 연구비 지원에 의해수행되었습니다.최근 IPCC 제6차 평가보고서(AR6)에 새롭게 적용된 미래 기후변화 시나리오인 SSP (Shared Socioeconomic Pathways)에 따른 제주도 지역의 미래 기후변화를 강수량, 기온, 기준증발산 등을 중심으로 분석하였다. 미래의 기후변화 자료로서 19개의 GCM 모형으로부터 도출된 4개의 SSP 시나리오(SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, SSP5-8.5)를 활용하였다. 제주도 지역의 3개 기상청 ASOS 지점(제주, 성산, 서귀포)을 대상으로 상세화된 기후변화 자료를 이용하여 지점별 및 지역별 미래 전망을 분석하였다. 기준증발산량은 기온자료만을 이용하는 Thornthwaite 방법을 활용하여 산정하였으며, FAO-56 Penman-Monteith 기준증발산량과의 차이를 최소화하기 위하여 시공간적 보정계수를 적용하였다. 과거기간(1985~2014년)을 기준으로, 미래기간(2021~2095년)을 3개 구간(2021~2045년, 2046~2070년, 2071~2095년)으로 나누어 분석하였다. 제주도 전체에 대한 평균적인 전망은 대부분의 SSP 시나리오에서 강수량, 기온, 기준증발산량 모두 미래 후반기로 갈수록 점차 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, SSP1-2.6 시나리오에서만 기온과 기준증발산량이 미래 전반기(2021~2045년)에는 크게 증가하다가 중반기(2046~2070년)와 후반기(2071~2095년)에는 비교적 일정한 것으로 전망되었다. 과거기간과 비교하여 미래 후반기 SSP5-8.5 시나리오에서 가장 크게 증가하는 것으로 전망되었으며, 강수량은 17%, 기온은 38%, 기준증발산량은 58%까지 증가하는 것으로 분석되었다. 지점별로는 제주 지점이 다른 2개 지점(성산, 서귀포)에서보다 더 많이 증가할 것으로 전망되었다. 제주 지점의 경우 SSP5-8.5 시나리오에서 연 강수량은 19%, 평균기온은 42%, 기준증발산량은 70%까지 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 증가되는 크기는 강수량은 서귀포, 성산, 제주 지점 순으로 전망되었으며, 기온과 기준증발산량은 반대로 제주, 성산, 서귀포 순으로 증가량이 클 것으로 전망되었다. 그러나 GCM 모형에 따라 전망결과가 다양하게 나타나기 때문에 이에 대한 불확실성을 고려한 미래 대응이 필요하다.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.71-96
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• 1977

Early development Linuparus trigonus(von Siebold) has been studied based on the samples collected monthly in Je-ju Island, Korea from February, 1975 to January, 1977. Gametogenesis, reproductive cycle, embryonic development were investigated by histological mettled, and morphological description was made on the first phyllosoma larva which reared in the laboratory. Testis is composed of two tubular duct which are symmetrical with H-shaped appearance. Outer layer of testis is of fibrous connective tissue capsule. In the lumen there is a convoluted seminiferous tubule with interstitial tissue. Ovary is a pair of symmetrical blind tubular lobes, and the midportions are connected each other. The ovary consists of a couple of ovarian sacs partitioned by two-layered connective tissue fibers. Proliferation of spermatogonia are observed all the year around on the germinal epithelium of seminiferous tubule. Partial spermatogenesis is always in progress, and the spermatozoa appear all the year around in the tubules. Nutrition of early oogonia is supplied by fibrous mesenchyme which is abundantly distributed in ovarian sacs. Oocytes grow and couplete maturation divisions in the follicle layers. They finally develop into mature ova before spawning. Reproductive cycle is classified into four successive stages; multiplication stage from September to December, growing stage from January to March, maturation division stage from April to May and mature stage from June to August. Spawning takes place from May to August with peak spawning from Into July to early August. Cleavage type is superficial. Blastopore is formed in blasto-disc region which is proliferation of blastoderm cells. Germinal layers are also derived from tile region. Mesoderm formation is originated from endodermal cells which are formed front the blasto-disc region. The endodermal cells are separated by the process of delamination from yolk sac and take part in the formation of the mid-gut. Morphological characteristics of first phyllosoma larva are different from the larvae of other Palinurid and Scyllarid species.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 2007

Experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of dietary botanicals (herbs and plant extracts) on the performance, nutrient metabolizability, small intestinal microflora, IgG level and blood parameters in broiler chickens. In Exp. 1, 1,000 (500 each sex) broiler chicks($Ross^{(R)}$) were divided into 20 groups of 50 chickens each(25 birds each sex). Four groups were assigned to each of five dietary treatments:control and diets containing antibiotics($Avillamix^{(R)}$, avillamycin-premix), Herb M(Herb $mix^{(R)}$), Plant extract B(BIOSTRONG $510^{(R)}$) and Plant extract A($APEX^{(R)}$). In Exp. 2, 240(120 each sex) broiler chicks($Ross^{(R)}$) were devided into six treatment groups:control and diets containing antibiotics($Avillamix^{(R)}$, avillamycin-premix), Plant extract D($Digestarom^{(R)}$), Plant extract P($Phellozyme^{(R)}$), Plant extract G($Galicin^{(R)}$) and Plant extract C(CRINA $POULTRY^{(R)}$). Each treatment consisted of four replicates of 10 birds each. In both experiments, birds had free access to diets and water for 5 wk on floor pens(Exp. 1) and cages(Exp. 2). In Exp.1, production index of groups fed diets supplemented with herbs and plant extracts was slightly higher than the control and those fed Herb M was highest. In Exp. 2, groups fed diets supplemented with herbs and plant extracts consumed more feed than the control during the period between 4 and 5 wk(P<0.05). Feed conversion(feed/gain) was lower in antibiotics group than other groups. The values of RBC, Hb and HCT were higher(P<0.05) in chicken fed diets supplemented with the additives than in the control in Exp. 1. BA value was lower(P<0.05) in groups fed diets supplemented with the additives than in the control in Exp. 2. Serum IgG were higher(P<0.05) in groups fed diets supplemented with the additives than in the control in both experiments. The cfu of intestinal microflora and metabolizability of nutrients were not significantly different among treatments in both experiments. It was concluded that the botanical supplements can be used as an alternative to antibiotics in broiler diets.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.945-951
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• 2012

The effect of photocatalyst-carrying media porosity on the photocatalytic removal efficiency of malodor and VOC of waste air was evaluated when the photocatalytic removal efficiency of porous silica-based media was compared with that of glass bead as control. The amount of photocatalyst coated on the surface of porous silica-based media was observed to be $1,716.3{\mu}g/cm^2$, which was 250% as much as that of nonporous glass bead (control) of $670{\mu}g/cm^2$. The removal efficiencies of hydrogen sulfide and toluene in case of porous silica-based media were observed to be 22% and 82%, respectively, while the removal efficiencies of hydrogen sulfide and toluene in case of nonporous glass bead media were observed to be 19% and 53%, respectively. Therefore, the removal efficiencies of hydrogen sulfide and toluene increased by 16% and 55%, respectively, when the removal efficiencies of porous silica-based media were compared with those of nonporous glass bead media. Thus the increment ratio of the removal efficiency of toluene was observed to be 3.4 times higher than that of hydrogen sulfide.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.257-263
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• 2016

Chlorella is known as chlorophyceae which can live autotrophically by photosynthesis, promote the growth of plants and suppress some plant diseases. However, a few researches in inhibition mechanism of plant diseases by chlorella have been carried out. In this study cucumber leaves pre-treated with Chlorella fusca suspension were investigated whether anthracnose by Colletotrichum orbiculare is suppressed or not. Furthermore, in order to illustrate how the algae can restrain the antracnose, the infection structures of C. orbiculare were observed on the cucumber leaves pre-treated with the algae. Consequently, appressorium formation rate was apparently reduced in the cucumber leaves pre-treated with C. fusca compared to untreated control one. Also, the numbers of conidia found at the inoculation sites were significantly reduced compared to untreated one. On the other hand, on the leaves pre-treated with $Benomyl^{(R)}$ appressorium formation were decreased remarkably and numbers of conidia were also reduced similar with those pre-treated with C. fusca. Based on these results, it was revealed that occurrence of anthracnose can be suppressed by C. fusca pre-treatment and suggested that biochmical or structural hinderance by C. fusca resulting in the decline of appressorium formation on the leave surfaces may play an important role in the disease suppression.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.95-99
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• 2000

A series of hetero ring (X) substitued chalcone derivatives with farnesyl protein transferase (FPTase) inhibition activities $(pI_{50})$ values determined in vitro is analyzed by modified Free-Wilson (F-W) and Hansch method for quantitative structure activity relationship (QSARs). On the basis of F-W analysis on the FPTase inhibitory activity of a training set of the compounds, none of the (X)-substituents were not contribute the activity. But the net charge of ${\alpha}$ carbon atom is contribute the activity than that of ${\beta}$ carbon atom. And the relative orders of the (Y)-substituents on the activity are ortho>meta>para-substituents. According to Hansch approach, the activities would depend largely on the optimal, $(R_{opt.}=-0.35)$ resonance effect with ortho substituted $(I_o>0)$ electron donating group (R<0) and STERIMOL parameter, $B_1$ constant. The inhibition activity between hetro ring substituents have been a proportioned with each others and none substituent(H), 45 showed the highest FPTase inhibition $(pI_{50}=4.30)$ activity.