• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.46 no.3
• /
• pp.289-297
• /
• 2017

The objective of this study was to identify and compare the anti-diabetic effects of mulberry leave (ML), silkworm (SK), mulberry fruit (MF), and Cudrania tricuspidata BUREAU (CT) extracts in high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese and diabetic mice. C57BL/6N mice were assigned to six groups: normal diet (ND, n=7), HFD (n=10), HFD with 5% ML powder (ML, n=10), HFD with 2% SK powder (SK, n=10), HFD with 5% MF powder (MF, n=10), and HFD with 5% CT powder (CT, n=10). Mice were fed their assigned diet for 14 weeks. ML group showed significant reduction in levels of plasma glucose and insulin compared with the HFD group. Plasma total cholesterol (T-C) was significantly reduced by ML and SK compared with the HFD group. Plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and HTR (HDL-C to T-C ratio) levels of the ML, SK, MF, and CT groups were significantly elevated compared to the HFD group. Moreover, concentrations of hepatic T-C and triglycerides in the ML, SK, MF, and CT groups were significantly reduced in comparison to the HFD group. Levels of pAKT, pS6K, and pAMPK significantly increased in the ML group compared with the HFD group. Taken together, ML appears to be the most potent anti-diabetic and anti-dyslipidemic substance among sericultural products. ML could be developed as a potential agent for diabetes and its complication management.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.46 no.8
• /
• pp.910-918
• /
• 2017

Hyperlipidemia is known as a glucose and lipid metabolism-related disorder that is increasing in incidence in modern society. Red ginseng (RG) is a natural herb candidate with a positive effect on regulation of cholesterol and lipids. To observe the effects of RG on regulation of lipids, cholesterol, glucose, and oxidative stress, we examined the in vitro and in vivo effects of Chamdahan RG on differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high-fat diet-fed mice. RG ($50{\mu}g/mL$) significantly inhibited lipid synthesis in 3T3-L1 cells. In addition, a low concentration of RG (880 mg/kg/d) resulted in the lowest total blood cholesterol level. Moreover, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol quantity increased in RG-treated groups, consequently lowering the cardiovascular risk factor and atherosclerosis index. Moreover, RG increased activity of AMP-activated protein kinase, as a regulator of lipid and cholesterol synthesis, in adipose and liver tissues. Cumulatively, this paper suggests that RG has a positive effect on reducing the amounts of cholesterol and lipids and may be a good candidate for treating hyperlipidemia.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.540-540
• /
• 1994

The effect of diets(high fat, high fat high energy, pectin, cellulose) on lipid metabolism were in 70 male rats for 8 weeks. The rats were assigned to either a control(C), high fat (HF) or high fat high energy(HFHE)group for 4 wks. During the next 4wks, reassigned to one of three treatments(high fat, pectin, cellulose) in the HF group and one of three treatment (hign fat high energy, pectin, cellulose) in the HFHE group. Therefore, the total treatment group became 7 (C, HF, HF-P, HF-C, HFHE, HFHE-P, HFHE-C). Parameters evaluated and compared for each diet were body weight, total energy intake, Feed Efficiency Ratio (F.E.R), total lipid, total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol(HDL-C), HDL-C/TC, triglyceride (TG), phospholipid in serum, and changes in liver and spleen. The results are surmmarized as follows ; 1. There were no signiticant differences in boby weight gain among the groups. 2. Total energy intake was higher in the C group than other groups. Feed Efficiency Ratio (F.E.R) was higher in the HFHE group than other groups. 3. There was no significant difference in the weight gain of liver (100g/B.W.) among the groups. However, the weight gain of spleen (100g/B.W.) was gigher in the C group than other groups (HF and HFHE). 4. Total lipid, TC, TG, and phospholipid increased significantly in all groups for the first 4 wks. However, after 8 wks, pectin and cellulose supplementation groups decreased significantly. Therefore, we can conclude that the HF and the HFHE diet led to increase lipids concentration and the pectin and the cellulose treatments decreased lipids concentration in serum. However, the pectin treatment had greater effect than the cellulose treatment.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
• /
• 2001.11a
• /
• pp.20-20
• /
• 2001

우리나라 제지산업은 화학펼프의 80%를 수입에 의존하고 었으나 고지회수율 및 이용율이 세계적으로 볼 때 매우 높은 환경친화적 산업이다. 고지 재활용 공정 중에 서 가장 핵심적인 공정인 부유부상 공정은 고상계의 표면특성 차이를 이용하여 소수성 의 잉크업자를 기포에 부착시켜 부상을 통하여 제거하는 공정이다. 고지 사용의 고도화 를 위해서는 부유부상 공정의 효율 증대가 절실히 요구되고 있다. 또한 부유부상 공정 의 핵심적인 인자로 부유부상을 통하여 제거되는 고형물질의 표면 특성 특히 소수화도 가 중요하다는 것은 보고된 바 있으나 부유부상에 필요한 표면 특성의 존재 여부와 표 면 에너지와 부유부상 효율의 관계 등에 관한 기본적인 연구가 더욱 필요한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 부유부상 공정을 기초과학적 측면에서 규명하기 위해 마 이 크로 크리 스탈린 셀룰로오스(Microcrystalline cellulose: MCC)를 모델 물질로 사용하 고 이들의 표면특성을 접촉각 측정을 통하여 평가하였다. 친수성의 표면 특성을 지닌 M MCC의 표면 특성을 소수성으로 바꾸기 위하여 AKD(alkyl ketene dimer)의 함량별로 사이징 처리하여 소수성을 지닌 잉크를 모벨링 하고 친수성 MCC를 염색시약을 이용 하여 흑색으로 염색함으로써 소수화 된 MCC와의 색차를 두어 섬유를 모델링 하였다. 이렇게 제조된 MCC의 소수화 정도를 평가하기 위하여 분말상태인 MCC를 pellet으로 제조하여 각기 다른 표면장력과 표변특성을 지난 용액을 이용하여 Advancing Contact A Angle을 측정하고 다양한 방법으로 이를 분석하여 시료의 표면에너지를 평가하였다 그 리고 부유부상 셀내의 액상의 이온강도와 표면장력 등 화학적인 인자에 의한 부유부상 분리효과를 평가하였다.있었다 (그림 2). 칼렌다는 종이를 높은 전단력과 압축력으로 변형시키는데 비해 도침은 단순히 압축 압력만을 종이에 가하는 것이 다르다고 볼 수 있는데, 라 이너지와 백상지가 같은 조건하에서 왜 이러한 큰 차이를 보이는 이유를 아직 알수 없다.해 동일한 공정 데이터들올 이용하여 보편적으로 사용하는 통계기법 중의 하나인 주성분회귀분석을 실시하였다. 주성분 분석은 여러 개의 반응변수에 대하여 얻어진 다변량 자료의 다차원적인 변 수들을 축소, 요약하는 차원의 단순화와 더불어 서로 상관되어있는 반응변수들 상호간 의 복잡한 구조를 분석하는 기법이다. 본 발표에서는 공정 자료를 활용하여 인공신경망 과 주성분분석을 통해 공정 트러블의 발생에 영향 하는 인자들을 보다 현실적으로 추 정하고, 그 대책을 모색함으로써 이를 최소화할 수 있는 방안을 소개하고자 한다.금 빛 용사 둥과 같은 표면처리를 할 경우임의 소재 표면에 도금 및 용 사에 용이한 재료를 오버레이용접시킨 후 표면처리를 함으로써 보다 고품질의 표면층을 얻기위한 시도가 이루어지고 있다. 따라서 국내, 외의 오버레이 용접기술의 적용현황 및 대표적인 적용사례, 오버레이 용접기술 및 용접재료의 개발현황 둥을 중심으로 살펴봄으로서 아직 국내에서는 널리 알려지지 않은 본 기 술의 활용을 넓이고자 한다. within minimum time from beginning of the shutdown.및 12.36%, $101{\sim}200$일의 경우 12.78% 및 12.44%, 201일 이상의 경우 13.17% 및 11.30%로 201일 이상의 유기의 경우에만 대조구와 삭제 구간에 유의적인(p<0.05) 차이를 나타내었다.는 담수(淡水)에서 10%o의 해수(海水)로 이주된지 14일(日) 이후에 신장(腎臟)에서 수축된

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.45 no.4
• /
• pp.474-483
• /
• 2016

Enzymatically modified isoquercitrin (EMIQ) is a mixture of quercetin glycodsides consisting of isoquercitrin and its ${\alpha}-glucosylated$ derivatives containing one to seven additional linear glucose moieties. The aim of this study was to assess whether or not EMIQ attenuates high-fat diet (HFD)-induced body weight gain and changes in plasma indices of obesity in mice. Male C57BL/6N mice were fed chow diet, HFD, and HFD containing 1.2% EMIQ for 10 weeks. EMIQ significantly (P<0.05) reduced body weight gain (-21%), total visceral fat-pad weights (-31%), and plasma levels of triglycerides (-17%), total cholesterol (-19%), and free fatty acids (-26%) in HFD-fed mice. EMIQ significantly increased protein kinase A (PKA) expression in the epididymal adipose tissue of HFD-fed mice. Expression of adipogenesis-related genes significantly decreased, whereas expression of fatty acid oxidation-related and thermogenesis-related genes increased in epididymal adipose tissue of EMIQ-fed mice compared with HFD-fed mice. These results suggest that the protective effects of EMIQ against HFD-induced adiposity in mice appear to be associated with PKA-mediated signaling cascades involved in adipogenesis, fatty acid oxidation, and thermogenesis in adipose tissue.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.37 no.12
• /
• pp.1583-1588
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this work was to study the relationships between dietary intake and serum lipid profile in 293 adult subjects (mean age: $45.9{\pm}0.7$, men: 163, women: 130) who visited health promotion center. The anthropometric and biochemical blood indices were measured, and nutritional intakes were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire method. The subjects were divided by three groups in accordance with a standard for treating hyperlipidemia; those who had blood cholesterol levels above 240 mL/dL or triglyceride levels above 200 mL/dL were put into the risk group (Risk), while those with blood cholesterol levels below 200 mL/dL and triglyceride levels below 150 mL/dL were put into the control group (Control). Subjects who were between the two groups in terms of blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels were put into the borderline group (Borderline). Risk group showed significantly higher body mass index, body weight, waist circumference, and fat content compared to control group. The levels of calorie, carbohydrate, fat, and protein intake were significantly higher in the risk group than control group. There were significantly positive correlations between dietary calorie, carbohydrate, fat, and protein intake and blood triglyceride concentration. The blood HDL-cholesterol concentration had negative correlation with carbohydrate intake. These results suggested that overeating may be one of important factors affecting hyperlipidemia in Korean adults.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.49 no.2
• /
• pp.192-202
• /
• 2017

In this study, factors involved in lipid and energy metabolism following treatment with ethanolic extract of the Polygonatum sibiricum rhizome (ID1216) were evaluated in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. ID1216-treated mice showed a significant reduction in weight gain compared to non-treated mice. ID1216 treatment increased the protein levels of AMP-dependent protein kinase, sirtuin1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ${\gamma}$ coactivator 1-${\alpha}$ ($PGC1{\alpha}$), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ${\alpha}$ ($PPAR{\alpha}$) and uncoupling proteins in the adipose tissue, liver and muscle compared to vehicle treatment. Analysis of downstream signals of the sirtuin1 $PGC1{\alpha}$-$PPAR{\alpha}$ pathway showed that ID1216 regulates the expression of ${\beta}$-oxidation related genes such as acyl-CoA oxidase, carnitine palmitoyltransferase1, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and adipocyte protein 2. In addition, ID1216 increased the expression of adipose triglyceride lipase. These results suggest that ID1216 has anti-obesity effects by regulating the genes involved thermogenesis, ${\beta}$-oxidation and lipolysis in a diet-induced obesity model.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.195-201
• /
• 2013

In atherosclerosis, blood vessels become sensitive to vessel-constricting agents leading to reduced control in the event of abrupt blood pressure changes. Mulberry trees (Morus alba L., MA) have been claimed to contain various bioactive principles that could possibly prevent atherosclerosis development caused by high cholesterol consumption. In order to examine whether MA feeding can prevent the sensitization of blood vessels, MA leaves were fed to rats for 8 weeks and pressor responses to vasoconstricting agents were assessed. Animals were pithed before blood pressure assessments to eliminate reflex compensation in vessel responses. Feeding diets containing high levels of cholesterol led to potentiated pressor responses to sympathetic nerve stimulation, or to injection of norepinephrine, phenylephrine, angiotensin II and vasopressin in pithed rats. These potentiated pressor responses were prevented in rats fed MA leaf-containing diets at 2 or 10% levels. It was also examined in anesthetized non-pithed rats whether similar cholestrol-related sensitization and MA prevention could be observed. However, high cholesterol-induced sensitization in pressor responses were not observed, suggesting that destruction of central cardiovascular control by pithing must have revealed the sensitization responses. It was concluded that MA leaves seem to be active in preventing abnormal blood vessel reactivity caused by hypercholesterolemia.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.643-653
• /
• 2018

This study was investigated the mechanism of action of n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio on the metabolic partitioning of blood glycerolipids by in vivo monitoring technique in hyperlipidemic animal model rats. The ratio of cholesteryl 14C-oleate metabolized in the liver of total glycerolipids was lower in the order of n-6/n-3 ratios of 4:1, 15:1, 30:1 and control group (p<0.05). The secretion amount of phospholipid was higher in the order of n-6/n-3 ratio 4:1, 15:1, 30:1 than the control (p<0.05). The secretion amount of triglyceride was lower in especially 4:1, in order of n-6/n-3 4:1, 15:1 and 30:1 compared with the control. The ratio of phospholipid partitioning to total glycerolipid was high in orfer of n-6/n-3 ratio 4:1, 15:1, 30:1 and control (p<0.05). The triacylglycerol partitioning (%) via liver was higher 72.97, 75.93, 78.12% in n-6/n-3 4;1, 15:1, 30:1, respectively than the control of 82.25%, according to increased n-6/n-3 (p<0.05). The phospholipid partitioning (%) was lower 25.15, 18.87, 18.15% in n-6/n-3 4;1, 15:1, 30:1, respectively, compared to control 11.04%, according to increased n-6/n-3 (p<0.05).

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
• /
• 2002.05a
• /
• pp.46-48
• /
• 2002

본 연구는 신문지 고지의 점착성 이물질 중 Primary Stickies의 정 량에 관한 것으로 서, 실제 신문지료를 화상분석하여 실시간으로 매크로크기의 점착성 이물질올 측정할 때 효율적인 측정조건을 탐색하여 제지공정의 l 현장에서 일차 점착성 이물질을 정량 하는 새로운 측정기의 측정 기준을 제시하고자 하였다. 이물질이란 제지공정에 의도적으로 첨가되지 않은 불질의 총칭으로 dirt 및 각종 점착 성 이물질 즉, stickies를 들 수 있다. 이 가운데 스틱키{stickies}란 부드럽고, 점착성을 나타내는 이물질의 총청으로 주로 점착제와 확스에 의해 형성된다. 스틱키는 고지 재활 용의 효율성을 가장 크게 저해하는 이물질로 와이어, 펠트 및 기타 공정요소에 부착되 어 초지 시 지절을 발생시킴으로써 생산성을 저하시킬 뿐 아니라, 외관상 상품가치와 인쇄적성올 저하시키며, 최종 제품의 강도적 물성 및 가공적성에도 영향을 미친다. 특 히 국내에서는 원가절감을 위해 고지의 재활용율올 증대시키고자 전력을 다하고 있으 며 환경보호 및 용수 절감올 위해 공정수를 절감하고 궁극적으로는 무방류화를 목표로 하고 있어 토지 계 내의 점착성 이물질의 투입과 농축 현상이 심각하게 진행되고 있는 실정이다. 초지공정에서 발생하는 스틱키 즉 점착성 이물질은 미세한 스크린의 슬롯 폭인 0.15 - -0.3mm 이상의 크기를 가져 스크린에 의해 분리될 수 있는 매크로 스틱키{macro s stickies}와 이보다 작은 마이크로 스틱키(micro stickies)로 크게 분류된다. 즉 매크로 스틱키는 스크린에 의해 분리될 수 있으나 마이크로 스틱키는 스크린을 통하여 기계적 으로 분리할 수 없다는 문제점을 지니고 있다. 스틱키는 또 거동 특성에 따라 primary s stickies와 secondary stickies로 구분할 수 있다. primary stickies는 펄핑과정에서 점착 성 이물질이 파괴됨에 따라 나타나지만, secondary stickies는 지류 제지공정의 백수에 용해 되거나 분산된 상태인 1때1 이하의 콜로이 드로 폰재 한다. 이 러 한 secondary stickies 는 pH, 온도의 변화나 각종의 첨가제에 의해 웅집이나 홉착 등을 발생할 수 있는 잠재 적 문제점 등을 가지고 있다. 예를 들어 양성 고분자의 첨가는 펄프 섬유를 웅집시킬 뿐 아니라 지료에 함유된 secondary dtickies의 안정성을 저하시켜 응집, 침적시키는 작용을 한다. 따라서 분리가 어렵고, 제지공정에서 문제를 일으키기 쉬운 2차 스퇴키를 적절히 제어하기 위한 기술 개발은 용수절감 뿐 아니라, 초지공정의 침적물 절감을 통 한 공정개선에도 매우 중요한 요소기술이라 할 수 있다.