• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.281-286
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• 2011

This study was performed to investigate the effects of salted and fermented shrimp ethanol extract (SFS) on serum lipid metabolism and hepatocytes in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 60% fat feed to induce hypercholesterolemia and were divided into five groups. Experimental groups were classified according to administered diet: normal diet group (NC), high cholesterol diet group (HC), high cholesterol and low dose shrimp extract (20 mg/kg) group (HC-SFSL), high cholesterol and high dose shrimp extract (200 mg/kg) group (HC-SFSH), and high cholesterol and lovastatin (20 mg/kg) group (HC-Lov). The experimental diets were fed ad libitum for 14 days. Compared with the control group, the serum cholesterol and triglycerides were 40.4 and 64.7% lower in the group fed HC-SFSH respectively. Low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol concentration in serum decreased in the HC-SFSH group compared with the HC group. In a histological assay, hepatocytes in the HC group showed that the vacuolated cells by fat appear clear due to the large amount of intracytoplasmic fat, whereas the liver hepatocytes in the group fed SFS effectively decreased fatty liver and intracytoplasmic fats. These results suggest that the extract of salted and fermented shrimp has an antiatherosclerotic effect and may lessen the effects of cardiovascular disease by reducing the cholesterol level in serum.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.8
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• pp.1114-1120
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• 2015

; This study investigated the improvement effects of artificial rice containing Curcuma longa L. on lipid parameters in 3T3-L1 cells and C57BL/6J mice. Mice were divided into four groups, normal diet group (ND), high-fat diet group (HD), 20% artificial group (A20), and 20% Curcuma longa L. artificial rice group (C20), for 14 weeks. Adipogenesis was significantly suppressed compared with non-treated control at a concentration of $20{\mu}g/mL$. After the animal experiment, food efficiency ratio was elevated in the experimental group due to high-fat diet, whereas it was reduced in the A20 group and significantly reduced in the C20 group. Epididymal fat pad weight was significantly diminished in the C20 group. In addition, serum triglycerides were significantly reduced in the A20 and C20 groups compared to the HD group. Moreover, serum cholesterol level tended to decrease in the A20 group and significantly decreased in the C20 group compared with the HD group. According to these results, we can know that Curcuma longa L.-containing artificial rice has an improvement effect on lipid metabolism.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.10
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• pp.1336-1341
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• 2009

This study was performed to investigate the effects of rice added with mulberry leaves and fruit on blood glucose, body fat and serum lipid levels in Sprague-Dawley male rats for 4 weeks. Mulberry rice diet was prepared with mixture of 50% of purified AIN-diet and 50% of formulated rice consisting of soybean, barley, polished rice, black rice, uncleaned rice bud, mulberry leaves and fruit. The experimental animals were fed the mulberry rice diet (group A) and the purified AIN-diet (group B, diabetic control) for 4 weeks in rats injected with streptozotocin. In terms of observing hypolipidemic effect of mulberry rice, rats were fed either high-fat diet (13% fat) with additional lard, corn oil, cholesterol to AIN-diet (group C, control) or mulberry rice diet mixed with high fat diet (group D) for 4 weeks. Blood glucose level at the 4th week of group A had increased 5 mg/dL compared with that of day 0, while group B increased 51 mg/dL. However, the glucose levels of the groups A and B at the final day were 156 mg/dL (12.4% decrease compared with B) and 178 mg/dL, respectively. As for hypolipidemic effect, weight gain and body fat were 8% lower in the group D and serum triglyceride level also 19% lower in the group D compared with those of group C (p<0.05).

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.337-345
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• 2010

The current study was conducted to estimate the effect of dietary taurine on performance, egg quality, blood parameter, liver lipids and lipid peroxidation level of laying hens fed high fat diet. Two hundred eighty laying hens, forty five weeks of age, were allocated to four treatment groups with seven replicates of 10 each per treatment for 4 weeks. Experimental diets were assigned to each of the four groups: control diet (CON), CON with 0.5% taurine (CT), CON with 5% soybean oil (HF), and CON with 5% soybean oil and 0.5% taurine (HFT). Egg weight was significantly lower in the control than the CT (P<0.05). However, the HFT was similar to the level compared to both control and HF. Serum concentrations of total cholesterol, triglyceride and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) were significantly decreased by about 30%, 36% and 20%, respectively in the HFT compared to the HF (P<0.05). In the liver tissue, triglyceride concentration tended to be lower by about 28% in the HFT compared to the HF (P<0.05). The hepatic lipid peroxidation level was significantly decreased by about 25% in the HFT compared to the HF (P<0.05). These results indicated that taurine supplementation improved the serum total cholesterol, triglyceride concentration, and decreased hepatic lipid peroxidation level without affecting performance in laying hens fed high fat diet.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.478-483
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• 2004

Effects of instant coffee on weight, plasma lipids, leptin levels, and fat cell size in high-fat diet-fed rats were investigated, Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats, fed experimental diet containing 40% total dietary fat and 0, 0.6, 1.2, and 2.4% (w/w) instant coffee for 6 weeks, were divided into four experimental groups (n = 6). Feed efficiency ratio of 0.6% coffee group was higher than control group. Weight gain, organ weights, free fatty acid level, and fat cell size were not significantly different among groups. Triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and leptin levels in plasma were significantly higher in 0.6% coffee group than control group. No significant difference in feed efficiency ratio, triglyceride, and leptin levels were found between control and 2.4% coffee group. These results suggest instant coffee may not have effect on obesity.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.1198-1207
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• 2019

This study investigated action mechanism and biological effect of Jijang-kimch, including its anti-obesity effect and blood lipid-decreasing effect in a high-fat diet-induced obese model animals. There were four treatment groups: CD (chow diet as normal control), HFD (high fat diet as obesity control), HFDCK (HFD plus commercial kimchi extracts), and HFDJK (HFD plus Jijang-kimchi extract). Kimchi extracts were orally administered for 28 days. Body weight, liver, and adipose tissue weight declined in HFDJK compared to those in HFDCK(p<0.05). Blood triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and glucose level decreased in CD, HFDJK, and HFDCK compared to those in HFD(p<0.05). Those in HFDJK were lower than those in HFDCK(p<0.05). Sizes of liver and adipose cells increased in HFD, HFDCK, and HFDJ that those in CD(p<0.05). Those in HFDJK were greatly decreased than those in HFDCK(p<0.05). These results indicate that ingestion of Jijang-kimchi in obese model animals has anti-obesity effect by lowering blood lipid and glucose levels and decreasing adipocyte size compared to that of commercial-kimchi.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.218-221
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• 2004

This study was performed to investigate the effect of rosiglitazone, a new antidiabetic agent, on in vivo synthesis of bone collagen. The mice were divided into low-fat diet group (LF), high-fat diet group (HF), and high-fat diet with rosiglitazone (6.3 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kcal diet) group (HF-Rosi), The synthesis of bone collagen was measured by stable isotope-mass spectrometric technique using $^2$$H_2O$ as a tracer. The $^2$$H_2O$ labeling protocol consisted of an initial intraperitoneal injection of 99.9% $^2$$H_2O$, to achieve approximately 2.5% body water enrichment followed by administration of 4％ $^2$$H_2O$ in drinking water for 3 weeks. Although body weight gain and daily diet intake were not significantly different between groups, HF-Rosi had slightly higher body weight gain and daily diet intake than LF and HF. In addition, HF-Rosi showed significantly higher body fat content than LF and HF. Bone collagen synthesis was reduced in HF than LF and further decreased by the treatment of rosiglitazone. These results suggest rosiglitazone affect body fat content and bone turnover in mice.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 2012

This study investigated the lipid profiles for the possible improving activity of insoluble dietary fiber extracted from cabbage waste discarded during kimchi manufacture and market distribution. Enzyme-treated Insoluble Dietary Fiber (EIDF) is the remnants of crude dietary fiber (CDF) treated by ${\alpha}$-amylase, protease, and amyloglucosidase after removal of soluble materials from cabbage waste. The insoluble dietary fiber of CDF and EIDF in cabbage waste was $65.33{\pm}0.33%$ and $73.57{\pm}0.09%$, respectively. To examine the effects of EIDF on plasma cholesterol concentration, two group of rats were fed either a high fat diet (HFD) or a HFD containing 0.1~1.0% EIDF for 4 weeks. The body weight of all groups was not significantly different (p<0.05) but the body weight of EIDF+HFD groups was less than that of the HFD group (p<0.1). Compared with the HFD group, EIDF also lowered serum levels of total triglycerides to 11.2~23.3% and cholesterol to 26.8~28.5%. In EIDF+HFD groups, the HDL-cholesterol level increased by 7.2~26.1%, while LDL-cholesterol especially decreased by 51.0~61.4% and VLDL-cholesterol by 16.9~26.4%. The atherogenic index of EIDF+HFD groups was also reduced twice that of the HFD group. From these results, EIDF from cabbage waste could be a potential effective food ingredient for improving lipid profiles.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.9
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• pp.1167-1173
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• 2009

An extrapolation of bioflavone through biotransformation used Phellinus banmill KCTC16882 applied to 6 different rats group were carried out. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with bioflavone free (normal: NO) diet, high-fat diet (control: CO) and diets containing 0.35%, 0.7% and 3.0% isoflavone for 8 week. Hyperlipidemia was induced by adding lard 200 g and cholesterol 10 g to CO and 0.35, 0.7 and 3.0% bioflavone diet. Bioflavone diet arrested increases in body weight without affecting feed intake in the rats. BFP-3.0 treated group showed signigicant reduction in the serum level of TG, TC and LDL-cholesterol (p<0.05) compared to the CO, while HDL-cholesterol was increased (p<0.05). The atherogenic index, ALT and AST were decreased in the BFP treated groups (p<0.05). These results suggest that consumption of BFP may lead to extrapolation of an ameliortaion of metabolic syndromes as well as a reduction of cardiovascular disease and hyperlipidemia through increasing the of HDL-cholesterol, and decreasing the level of TG in serum.

• Proceedings of the Korean Journal of Food and Nutrition Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.78-78
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• 2003

심혈관계질환의 예방과 영양교육의 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 성인 남녀를 대상으로 규칙적인 운동 습관과 음주, 흡연, 폐경, 비만 여부에 따라 신체계측치와 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, LDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol 등의 혈청지질 및 영양소 섭취량을 비교 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1)체중이나 신장, 비만 정도 및 WHR 등 신체계측지수는 음주나 흡연 여부에 따른 차이가 없었으나, 혈청 중성지방 농도를 유의적으로 상승시켰다. 2)음주군은 비음주군에 비하여 단백질의 열량비율(% RDA)이 유의적으로 높았으며(p<0.05), 흡연군은 비타민 A와 나이아신, 비타민 B6, 엽산, 비타민 C, 비타민 E의 섭취량에 있어서 비흡연자들보다 낮은 경향을 보였다. 3)운동에 의한 혈청지질 농도에는 뚜렷한 차이가 없었으나, 남성들의 경우 현재의 체중과 PIBW, Quetlet index, 엉덩이둘레가 비운동자들보다 많은 것으로 나타났다. 영양소 섭취량에 있어서 남성의 경우 운동군이 비운동군에 비해 콜레스테롤과 나이아신 및 인을 더 섭취하고 있었으며, 당질의 섭취비율은 유의적으로 더 낮았다(p<0.05). 여성의 경우에는 불포화지방에 유의적 차이를 보여 비운동군의 불포화지방 섭취량이 더 많았다(p<0.05). 4)폐경한 여성의 경우 폐경 전 여성에 비하여 신장은 더 작고 WHR은 더 높았다. 폐경 이후 estrogen 분비의 변화로 인하여 혈중 지질 성분 중에서는 cholesterol이 198.4$\pm$36.3mg/dl, LDL이 119.5$\pm$34.9mg/dl로 폐경 전의 수치보다 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.01). 5)비만 여부는 남자의 경우 콜레스테롤 농도에(p<0.01)), 여자의 경우 중성지방 농도(p<0.01)에 대해 의미있는 설명력을 보이는 변수로 작용하고 있었다. 그러나 식이 섭취상태와의 관련성은 나타나지 않았다. 이상에서 생활습관이 신체계측치 및 혈중 지질 농도와 일부 상관을 보이는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 건강위험 요인도 관찰할 수 있었다. 고지혈증은 심혈관계질환의 주요한 위험 인자로 알려져 있으며, 그 유발 요인에는 여러 환경적인 요인과 식이 요인이 있다. 또한 생활습관은 영양소의 섭취량에도 영향을준다. 이처럼 식이 요인과 생활습관은 단독 혹은 상호 영향을 주게 되므로 고지혈증 및 심혈관계질환을 개선하려면 식사요법과 생활습관 교정을 병행하여야 한다. 고지혈증의 원인 중의 하나로 지적되고 있는 음주와 흡연은 상호 유도작용이 있으므로 금연이나 절주를 하고자 할 경우 두가지를 동시에 자제해야 효과적일 것으로 생각된다. 폐경후 여성들에게 발생 빈도가 높은 심혈관질환의 위험요인인 고지혈증을 예방하고자 하는 노력은 폐경후 여성들의 삶의 질적 향상을 위해서도 매우 중요하다. 또한 균형식 섭취와 운동을 통해 혈중 지질 수준을 건강하게 유지하고, 비만으로의 이행을 방지함으로써 심혈관계질환을 예방하도록 하여야겠다.