• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
• /
• 2019.07a
• /
• pp.195-197
• /
• 2019

자동차용 배터리는 초기 용량의 80% 이하가 되면 교체하게 되며, 근간 폐배터리의 수가 폭발적으로 증가할 것으로 예측되고 있다. 폐배터리의 폐기로 인한 환경 파괴를 방지하고 자원을 재활용하기 위해서 자동차에서 나오는 폐배터리를 에너지저장장치(ESS)로 재사용 하는 것에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 폐배터리를 ESS로 재구성하기 위해서는 폐배터리 모듈의 그레이딩을 통해 비슷한 성능의 모듈끼리 모아서 구성하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 배터리 모듈 간의 불균형은 전체 시스템의 성능을 저하시키며, 따라서 비슷한 성능과 잔존 수명을 가진 모듈을 골라내는 일은 폐배터리의 재사용에 있어서 첫 번째 선결 과제가 된다. 본 연구에서는 폐배터리의 상태 및 잔존수명평가를 위해 배터리 모듈의 임피던스 스펙트럼을 측정할 수 있는 장비를 개발하였다. 폐배터리 모듈에 AC 섭동을 인가하고 이를 측정하여 임피던스 스펙트럼을 계산할 수 있는 하드웨어와 소프트웨어를 개발하였다. 개발 장비는 60V이하의 폐배터리 모듈의 임피던스 스펙트럼을 0.1Hz에서 1kHz까지 측정 가능하며, 측정 결과를 바탕으로 커브 피팅을 통해 등가회로의 파라미터도 계산할 수 있다. SM3에서 얻어진 폐배터리 모듈을 이용하여 측정한 임피던스 스펙트럼을 상용장비인 BIM2로 측정한 결과를 비교하였고, Reduced Chi-Square를 이용한 분석결과 두 데이터가 거의 일치함을 알 수 있었다.

• Resources Recycling
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.15-30
• /
• 2020

Recently, it is increasing a amount of installed solar-cell rapidly, and end-of-life photovoltaic(ELP) modules are generated in according to the reduction of cell efficiency largely. Recycling of ELP modules are begun at an advanced nation already, but there are bring about environmental contamination and resource recovery problems owing to not treated ELP modules because of economic cost completely. First of all, there were researched basic study for treatment conditions of used solar cell inspection, dismantling of aluminum frame, crushing / grinding & separation of tempered glass, removal of back sheet & EVA film, leaching & precipitation recovery of valuable metals and treatment of waste water. Therefore, we establish optimum conditions through carried out of designed apparatus, installation of equipment, test operation & trouble shooting in scale of 1ton/day pilot plant test. Following to economic review, it does have the economic efficiency until to the case of tempered glass recovery, but does not have the economic value in case of total processes until to recover the valuable metals. However, there are guaranteed economic value if we are gained a large amount of the expenses through EPR supported system. It was confirmed the commercialized possibility of ELP modules recycling if there were established on the collecting ELP modules, reusing criteria, economical technology, enactment of directives and enforcement of EPR supported system efficiently.

• Clean Technology
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.203-209
• /
• 2022

An environmental evaluation was conducted by employing LCA methodology for a mechanical seal manufacturing process that uses recycled silicon recovered from end-of-cycle PV modules. The recycled silicon was purified and reacted with carbon to synthesize β-SiC particles. Then the particles underwent compression molding, calcination and heat treatment to produce a product. Field data were collected and the potential environmental impacts of each stage were calculated using the LCI DB of the Ministry of Environment. The assessment was based on 6 categories, which were abiotic resource depletion, acidification, eutrophication, global warming, ozone depletion and photochemical oxidant creation. The environmental impacts by category were 45 kg CO₂ for global warming and 2.23 kg C₂H₄ for photochemical oxide creation, and the overall environmental impact by photochemical oxide creation, resource depletion and global warming had a high contribution of 98.7% based on weighted analysis. The wet process of fine grinding and mixing the raw silicon and carbon, and SiC granulation were major factors that caused the environmental impacts. These impacts need to be reduced by converting to a dry process and using a system to recover and reuse the solvent emitted to the atmosphere. It was analyzed that the environmental impacts of resource depletion and global warming decreased by 53.9% and 60.7%, respectively, by recycling silicon from end-of-cycle PV modules. Weighted analysis showed that the overall environmental impact decreased by 27%, and the LCA analysis confirmed that recycling waste modules could be a major means of resource saving and realizing carbon neutrality.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2005.07b
• /
• pp.1711-1713
• /
• 2005

최근 고유가 시대에 따른 대체 에너지기술 분야에 대한 관심과 함께 저전력 소비형 전자기기의 동력원으로서 열전발전기술이 주목받고 있다. 열전발전 기술을 이용하여 산업폐열원 등에서 전력을 생산하기 위해서는 폐열원의 열적 분포특성이 우선적으로 검토, 평가되어야 한다. 그 이유는 일반적 산업폐열원의 경우 발전소자가 설치될 열원에서의 열 분포가 실험실 조건에서와 같이 일정면적에서의 균일 열량조건을 만족시키기는 어렵고 국부적 불균일 열 분포를 나타낼 가능성이 매우 높기 때문으로, 이같은 불균일 열원특성은 열전모듈의 직렬연결을 기본으로 하고 있는 열전 발전시스템의 발전능에 직접적 영향을 미치게 되기 때문이다. 따라서 불균일 열원특성에 따른 열전 발전능의 평가는 열전발전기 전체의 발전능을 평가하는 매우 중요한 인자이다. 본 연구에서는 Bi-Te계 열전발전모듈을 이용하여 열편차 조건에서의 열분포 특성 및 열전달 특성변화를 조사하고 이것에 따른 단위발전소자의 발전특성 변화를 규명 하고자 하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.63 no.6
• /
• pp.440-445
• /
• 2019

It has developed a method that can recover efficiently the reproducible resources from the vehicle waste lithium second battery module. Module cell consists of copper thin film, aluminum thin film and diaphragm made with polymer between these thin films. Cell was disassembled completely without any damage in glove box and through several steps. Preferentially, cathode active material was separated from aluminum thin film at heat treatment of 400 ℃. The retrieved cathode active material was then obtained as high purity after calcining at 800 ℃ to remove residual carbon. Based on this study, it was found that rare metals such as Co, Ni, Mn and Li made up of cathode active material could recover above 80% from aluminum thin film.

• Resources Recycling
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.19-29
• /
• 2019

Recently, it is increasing a amount of installized solar-cell rapidly, and waste Solar cell module are generated in according to the reduction of efficiency largely. Therefore, it is concerned at the environmental problems and recycling of valuable materials, greatly. The treatment processes of end-of-life photovoltaic modules are composed the disassembly of Aluminum frames, separation of Tempered glass, removal of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate and recovery of valuable Metals. For the efficient recycling, we are considered to the treatment technology seriously. And we are proposed on the general opinions according to the developing technology, EPR (Extended Producer Responsibility) problems and promotion plans for the activation of recycling industry.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
• /
• 2017.07a
• /
• pp.108-109
• /
• 2017

전기자동차 보급 확대로 인해 2018년부터 전 세계적으로 폐배터리가 다량으로 배출될 것으로 예상되어 폐 배터리를 에너지저장장치(ESS)로 재활용하는 방안이 연구되고 있다. 하지만 배터리간 규격이나 수명, 상태의 차이가 존재하기 때문에 셀밸런싱 시스템이 필수로 요구된다. 기존에는 이러한 시스템으로 직렬형 시스템을 채용하고 있지만 모듈화나 신뢰성 등 시스템이 요구하는 조건을 만족시키기 어렵다. 이에 따라 본 논문에서는 기존 시스템과 차별화 된 분산 충 방전 병렬 시스템을 제안하고 그에 사용되는 전력조절기를 소개하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2000.04a
• /
• pp.43-46
• /
• 2000

• Resources Recycling
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.45-53
• /
• 2011

We devised a procedure for the recovery of silicon and tempered glass from waste photovoltaic (PV) modules using optimized conditions. The tempered glass was recovered without any damage using organic solvents. The surface material is removed by applying an acid solution on the surface of the PV cell. Through our proposed method, we offer a much more efficient approach for recycling solar cells with a surfactant than the conventional method. This process, we obtained pure silicon with a yield of 90% by chemical treatment with the surfactant at room temperature for 18 min. The silicon yield was characterized using an inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer.

• Resources Recycling
• /
• v.31 no.5
• /
• pp.52-58
• /
• 2022

Silicon carbide powder was prepared from carbon black and silicon recovered from waste solar panels. In the solar power generation market, the number of crystalline silicon modules exceeds 90%. As the expiration date of a photovoltaic module arrives, the development of technology for recovering and utilizing silicon is very important from an environmental and economic point of view. In this study, silicon was recovered as silicon carbide from waste solar panels: 99.99% silicon powder was recovered through purification from a 95.74% purity waste silicon wafer. To examine the synthesis characteristics of SiC powder, purified 99.99% silicon powder and carbon powder were mixed and heat-treated (1,300, 1,400 and 1,500 ℃) in an Ar atmosphere. The characteristics of silicon and silicon carbide powders were analyzed using particle size distribution analyzer, XRD, SEM, ICP, FT-IR, and Raman analysis.