• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.39-49
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• 2020

The prosody of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has several abnormal features, including monotonous speech. The purpose of this study was to compare acoustic features between an ASD group and a typically developing (TD) group and within the ASD group. The study also examined audience perceptions of the lengthening effect of increasing the number of syllables. 50 participants were divided into two groups (20 with ASD and 30 TD), and they were asked to imitate a total of 28 sentences. In the auditory-perceptual evaluation, seven participants chose sentence types in 115 sentences. Pitch, intensity, speech rate, and pitch slope were used to analyze the significant differences. In conclusion, the ASD group showed higher pitch and intensity and a lower overall speaking rate than the TD group. Moreover, there were significant differences in s2 slope of interrogative sentences. Finally, based on the auditory-perceptual evaluation, only 4.3% of interrogative sentences produced by participants with ASD were perceived as declarative sentences. The cause of this abnormal prosody has not been clearly identified; however, pragmatic ability and other characteristics of autism are related to ASD prosody. This study identified prosodic ASD patterns and suggested the need to develop treatments to improve prosody.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2009

Categorization in a vital means for dealing with the multitudes of entities in the world surrounding people. Among others, the perceptual and the evaluative similarities factors strongly affect categorization. The conventional SD-type procedure are insufficient in this regard, since it requires an individual subject to make isolated judgments about each stimulus to identify categorization in terms of a group tendency. It disregards the individual categorization in which the similarities are of great importance. Thus in this study the phased emotional evaluation method is suggested based on the intuitive categorization of stimuli and on the similarity judgement of representative/ non-representative case in each category. To verify the effectiveness of the suggested evaluation method the scanned jewelry images are selected as test stimuli for emotional evaluation experiment. As a result of the evaluation experiment, the conventional SD-type procedure is complemented by the emotional evaluation method in phases of the task of intuitive categorization, the selection of the representative images and the setup of the evaluation score of the representative images to internally supplied anchors of evaluating non-representative images.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.465-474
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• 2014

This is a comparative study that shows the overall environmental impacts from concrete structures when different compressive strength of concrete applied to structural systems having the same reference flow with different durability. A total of 24 MPa, 40 MPa and 60 MPa cases is analyzed to define the characteristic using end-point perspective LCA methodology including the stages of production, construction, maintenance and disposal. As results, global warming, non-renewable energy and respiratory inorganics problems are the major issues for assessing environmental impacts of concrete products.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.44 no.2 s.109
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• pp.281-295
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• 2005

To evaluate students properly in mathematics, it is essential to clarify and specify the object of study. Proper assessment tools are also needed coupled with an effective assessment method. The assessment tools have to be reasonable and trustworthy. Conducting the assessment should always produce fair and positive results and effectiveness. Establishing standards for the student evaluation competence of mathematics teachers should satisfy such objectives. Referring to the previous study suggested by Korea Institute' of Curriculum & Evaluation(KICE), this study classified the elements of capacity for evaluation competence into the general assessment, the assessment content understanding, and the assessment conduct & application areas. The specific elements of each area are established as standards. At last, 13 standards were suggested and summarized. to describe the math teachers' student evaluation competence.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.558-566
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• 2015

In this study, quantitative environmental impact assessments of the VSL anchor and RB(Reaming and Bearing) anchor systems were conducted after a life-cycle assessment (LCA). In addition, improvements which reduce the adverse environmental effects of the RB anchor system were confirmed through comparisons with results with a VSL anchor system. Both results showed that water ecotoxicity and global warming are the most important in environmental influences. To determine the effect of reducing the RB anchor system environment, the result was normalized for the environmental impact category. Most items appeared to have been improved with regard to the RB anchor system. The most significant improvement was a 77% decrease in POC levels(photochemical oxidant creation). Greenhouse gas emissions, related to global warming, were decreased by 44%. It is expected that these quantitative environmental impact assessment results will serve as the basis of an anchor system for civil engineering and environmental impact assessments.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.12 no.1_2
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• pp.43-54
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• 2001

This study was conducted to explore the implicit structure of gender-stereotype which is one of the social categories. Social categories were considered to have the more evaluative properties and unclear hierarchical representations compared to the objects or the action categories. In this series of experiments. we want to examine the generalizability of the congruent effect into gender-stereotype using a priming paradigm and introducing the various SOA (stimulus onset asynchrony. SOA 250ms to 1000ms). The results of Experiment 1 and 3 (SOA 250-500ms) showed that the priming effects of female-female condition was larger than the other conditions. However. Experiment 2 (SOA 1000ms) showed that the priming effects among the conditions disappeared. We found the female-congruent effects only in a short SOA. These results suggest the possibility that the gender-stereotype in the automatic and implicit processing level can be represented b by the cross-categorical structure in some cultural area.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.477-484
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• 2011

When an event of target variable is rare, a widespread strategy is to build a model on the sample that disproportionally over-represents the events, that is over-sampled. Using the data over-sampled from the original data set, the predicted values would be biased; however, it can be easily corrected to represent the population. In this study, we investigate into the relationship between the proportion of rare event on a data-mart and the model performance using real world data of a Korean credit card company. Also, we use the methods for adjusting of posterior probability for over-sampled data of the offset method and the weighted method. Finally, we compare the performance of the methods using real data sets.

• 한국사회복지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.703-719
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• 2005

본 연구는 사회복지관에서 이루어지는 실습 내용을 분석하여 효과적인 실습지도를 위한 실천적 지침을 제시하고, 궁극적으로 실습 성과 평가를 위한 기초 자료를 제공하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 이틀 위해 서울시에 소재한 사회복지관 30개소의 실습지도계획서를 내용분석 연구방법을 사용하여 분석하였다. 그 결과, 사회복지관에서 진행된 실습 내용을 일반주의 실천에 근거하여 5개 범주, 14개 단위로 세부 내용을 추출하였다. 각 범주는 클라이언트 체계 개입, 조직 환경 이해, 전문적 발달, 서비스 전달체계 이해, 기본적 대인관계 기술의 순으로 전체 실습 내용에서 차지하는 빈도가 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 효과적인 사회복지현장실습을 위한 이론적 실천적 함의를 제시하였다.

• Journal of the KSME
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.728-738
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• 1993

원자력 압력용기의 소성변형에 의한 파괴의 방지를 위한 설계개념의 요체는 압력용기에 발생하는 응력을 하중형태와 중요도에 따라 분류하고, 분류된 각각의 응력범주에 대해서 극한설계의 개 념에 의한 붕괴하중에 안전계수를 도입한 것이다. 원자력 압력용기에 적용된 안전계수는 재료의 인장가동에 대해서 3이다. 이것은 일반용 압력용기에 대한 안전계수 4보다 적은 값이나, 원자력 압력용기의 소성변형에 의한 파괴방지를 위하여 이미 모든 작용하중에 대하여 응력해석을 수행 하였고 그 결과를 평가한 것이기 때문에 안전계수는 낮더라도 더 안전하다고 할 수 있다.

• The Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.7 s.362
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• pp.30-31
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• 1999

오늘날 누구든지 정보의 바다 인터넷의 정보와 쉽게 접근할 수 있는 것은 바로 월드와이드 웹(WWW:웹으로 약칭. 거미집처럼 세계 정보망을 타고 전자문서를 자유자재로 검색할 수 있게 만든 인터넷의 게시판 서비스)이라는 매커니즘의 덕이라고 할 수 있다. 현대의 웹이 마치 그 옛날의 인쇄기처럼 중요한 가치를 지녔다고 해서 웹 발명자 버너즈-리를 '현대의 구텐베르크'라고 부르는 사람들이 많다. 그는 엘리트들만이 사용할 수 있던 강력한 통신시스템을 일반대중이 접근할 수 있는 매스미디어(대중매체)로 바꿔 버렸다. 만약에 이 발명이 전통적인 과학의 범주에 속한다면 그의 업적은 충분히 노벨상감이라고 평가하는 사람들도 있다.