• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 2013

As energy becomes an important source of power for national competitive force, not only Government administrations but also private sectors are striving to save energy. The purpose of this study is to compare and evaluate energy consumption of the corridor with and without window when improving the energy environment by installing door and window on the open area of entrance for one-side corridor type apartment. The energy usage was examined through this improvement process and the energy consumption amount was compared and analyzed by simulation before and after the installation. It is desired for this study to contribute to the government's green remodeling project.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.68-89
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• 2021

In August 1837, a list of wedding gifts was given by Queen Sunwon (1789-1857) to her son-in-law, Namnyeong-wie, Yun Eui-Seon (1823-1887) at the wedding of Princess Deok-on (1822-1844). This Honsubalgi is now kept at the National Hangeul Museum. This text was used in the present study to examine the everyday clothes of the royal son-in-law in the early 19th century. First, the everyday clothes were organized into about 36 types. They were classified as tops, bottoms, hats, accessories, belts, pouches, fans and shoes. Second, the most important clothes were the ordinary formal attire, composed of the namgwangsa dopo and namgwangcho changui. As for the bottoms, the pants, the Chinese hemp leggings, two pairs of socks, the green silk belt, and a pair of light blue ankle ties were identified. Third, as for the head and accessories, there were heukrip, with the gemstone string and silk string, the jeong-ja-gwan and dong-pa-gwan, as well as tang-geon and bok-geon. And there were the sangtu-gwan, three types of donggos, and the mang-geon equipped with okgwanja. On the other hand, the jeong-ja-gwan and dong-pa-gwan are peculiar hats whose status has changed over time since the mid-18th century. The fact that the jeong-ja-gwan and dong-pa-gwan were given to Namnyeong-wie showed that the status of these hats improved in the early reign of King Heonjong. The belt was given with the sejodae that is suitable for the dangsang, the coral plates, and the silk bag containing a flint pouch. Fourth, there were the red-colored sejodae, a ssamji silk pouch for flint and the fan decorated with okseonchu, and shoes, such as unhye and danghye.

• Journal of forensic and investigative science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 2007

Apartments are built in small countries to accommodate densely populated cities and maximize urbanization. Many apartment complexes have been built in recent reconstruction or redevelopment projects. An increase in crime has resulted due to residents living in a narrow space. Larceny is the most commonly reported crime in apartment complexes. Apartments can be classified as stairway, hallway, or plane surface. This study compares and analyzes the frequency of theft by apartment type to assist in creating a safer residential space. In America and England, scholars studied to make a safer residential space, and have applied the theory of 'the Defensible Space' and 'Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design(CPTED)' since 1970s. Korean apartment design now reflects CPTED in new apartment construction. In this study, 12 apartment complexes were selected in Changwon city to conduct analysis of theft in selected complexes. The study will cover housing invasion theft, motorcycle and car theft and snatching. The most frequency larceny is motorcycle and car theft, the second is housing invasion theft, and the least frequent is snatching. More residents' motorcycles and cars are damaged in a hallway style apartment. More frequently inhabitants have their possessions snatched on a stairway form. 1) When we build new apartment complexes, we must plan to improve territoriality and enhance a natural surveillance by reinforcing dwellers' relationship. Through planning we can prevention the larceny in apartments.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.87-93
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• 2010

The objective of this study is to verify the safety in case of fire and change of residential environment for different wall construction approaches in a stairways apartment house. In order to confirm that case_1, which is current case that most of wall is opened and the case 2, which upper part of wall is limitedly opened are compared and analyzed based on simulations of fire, escape and natural ventilation performance. The analysis reveals that possible escape time for case 1 was more than 600 seconds and for case 2 was 195 seconds. Since the escape times for both cases were over 128 seconds, it would be reasonable to assume that every resident would escape. The simulation results on natural ventilation performance shows the air change per hour of case 1 and case 2 were .19n/h and .16n/h and there was 1.2 times difference. However, the difference was too insignificant and it could be seen as that different approaches on wall construction would not significantly influence on natural ventilation performance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.147-164
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• 2022

The aim of this study was to reproduce the ordinary attire of Yi Seung-hyu, a civil official and writer of the late Goryeo, which will be used to make a his portrait. The reproduced costume consists of a single-layered pyoui (表衣) and jungdan (中單), lined jeogori and baji, and geon (巾), created with reference to historical documents, materials, and portraits. The pyoui was made with samcheokbe, with an H-shaped neck-shoulder band, an oblique single collar, and rectangular gussets. Two skirts were attached on the inside at the back, similarly to dopo. The jungdan also has an oblique single collar, but has an I-shaped neck-shoulder band and triangular gussets. A flat felled seam stitch, whip stitch, and French seam stitch were used in the hemlines and seams of the pyoui and jungdan. The jeogori and baji were made with toju (土紬), and small ties were attached to stabilize them. The geon is a long, oblique hat, which has folded side lines, and was made with flexible black hangra and using a French seam stitch and backstitch. The results include the elements of "restoration, historical research, and portrait costume", and will be maintained as the cultural heritage of Samcheok City.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.473-476
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• 2008

본 연구는 1990년대 시행되었던 학교시설 현대화 사업 이전 시기인 1970년대 초와 1980년대 초 학교건축에서의 탈표준화를 모색했던 연구들에 주목하여 이들을 고찰하였다. 이들 연구는 후속 사업으로 연결되지는 못했지만 편복도형의 극복이나 시설프로그램의 변화, 학교 건축계획에서의 도시적 차원의 접근, 학교공간 내에 다양한 공간 적용 등을 제안하고 있어 국내 학교건축이 표준화교사로부터 벗어나는데 선례적인 연구로서의 의미를 갖는다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.127-130
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• 2003

In the Korean construction market the housing exceeds more than 60％ among the entire objects for remodelling. And among the 50％ of the common residence that needs remodelling, half of them are common houses with hallways. In respect of remodelling the common houses with hallways to those with stairways, This investigation aims at not only increasing the area by simply enlarging it, but also elevating the residential value by improving the environment based on the study of the existing plane with stairways. In order to do so, the satisfaction rate after living in common residence either with stairways or with hallways according to size (10, 20, 30 pyong), public space and interior environment is investigated through questionnaire. Therefore, this study tries to discover and analyze the positive and negative aspects of common residence with hallways.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.251-256
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to identify and compare the range of dwellers and the use of pattern in public common space for dwellers of high-rised apartment of staircase type and gallery type. Also, it is to ascertain the relationship between extent of neighborhood and community awareness. The results were as follows. The term of habitation of most apartment dwellers surveyed were relatively short and most of dwellers had a small family that having a minor children.'Relational association with their neighbor in apartment of staircase type was happened between families that use the same entrance and elevator and it in gaiter type was happened inside the family. But intimacy rate and range of interest were not that high additively, int the case needs a conversation with neighbor, it happened in individual entrance and elevator hall rather than inside the house and exterior area.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.71-82
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• 2011

This study set out to investigate the identity of everyday headgear, which is often found in many paintings of Tongshinsa, Joseon diplomatic missions to Japan, in the 18th century. That resembles Yu-geon儒巾, but on the top of the headgear are lappets like a roof. The study proceeded as follows: 1) The painting of Tongshjnsa parade in 1711 was used to analyze wearers of everyday headgear because titles of position are shown for each one. 2) Personal records of Tongshinsa in the 18th century were analyzed to examine the cases of everyday headgear. 3) Cases of everyday headgear in literature around the 18th century were examined. Those researches revealed three findings: 1) The names of everyday headgear with a roof shaped top are Gohu-gwan高厚冠 and Yeonyeop-gwan蓮葉冠. 2) Among Tongshinsa, wearers of Gohu-gwan or Yeonyeop-gwan are medical staff, interpreters, painters, and secretaries. However, it doesn't seem to have been distinction between the two types according to social class and position. 3) People wore everyday headgear, that resembled the two types in appearance, such as Mjnja-geon民字巾, Sunyang-geon純陽巾, Hwayang-geon華陽巾, Jeon-geon戰巾, or Jang-geon將巾 in China and Joseon around the 18th century. Among them, Sunyang-geon and Hwayang-geon seem to have had the closest relationship with Gohu-gwan and Yeonyeop-gwan in terms of shape and character of wearers. The analysis of the research findings led to the two following conclusions: 1) Gohu-gwan and Yeonyeop-gwan were worn as one of everyday headgear to represent appearances of a scholar. 2) Gohu-gwan and Yeonyeop-gwan could be changed versions of the similar everyday headgear or different names of them.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.58 no.5
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• pp.118-133
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• 2008

The basic costumes of the joseon dynasty such as pants and jackets were not particularly distinctive over the period in comparison to po. The coat that was worn over pants and jacket, however, had different forms in the course of the joseon dynasty. In this paper, I will analyze the changing style of pyeonbokpo, the daily costumes of Joseon man, which were excavated in recent years. Changes in the collar style were the most distinctive of joseon pyeonbokpo such as cheolik, dapho, aekjueum, jikryeong, daechangyeui, jungchimak, and juyeui. Although pyeonbokpo had double collars in the early joseon dynasty, they disappeared in the seventeenth century: a straight line also replaced by a curve for the collar perimeter. Front-adjusting of pyeonbokpo was very deep in the early joseon dynasty; front-adjusting became simple in the late joseon dynasty, resulting in the central positioning of a ribbon. The rectangular form of a gusset(mu) was stitched to the bodice through various pleats. Gusset patterns changed greatly into various forms in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, along with the ladder gusset form. The long vest(dapho) was half-sleeved and had a deep front adjustment in the early joseon dynasty; however, it did not have collars and sleeves since the eighteenth century. The waist line of cheolik had the ratio of 1.2 to 1 for the bodice to skirt. But the length of skirts grew gradually into the ratios of 1 to 1, 1 to 2, and 1 to 3.8 while the waist line moved upwards to the chest line. Sleeves of all po had a straight form but they gradually developed the tendency to widen towards the wrists. Later, sleeves changed again, having a wide rectangular form starting from the armpits. Cheolik was widely worn in the early joseon dynasty; however, it was worn less in later years. Instead, clothes that had slits such as dopo, daechangeui, and jungchimak were greatly available. These characteristics of the change in men's costumes enable us to measure the time period of excavated findings despite the lack of records for Joseon graves.