• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.274-280
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• 2007

오디오 텍스처 합성은 주어진 짧은 오디오 클립으로부터 임의의 길이를 갖는 새로운 오디오 클립을 생성하는 방법이다. 이는 애니메이션이나 영화에서 비디오와 정확한 동기화를 이루는 사운드 효과를, 혹은 임의의 길이를 갖는 배경 음악을 효율적으로 만들 수 있는 방법이다. 최근 Lie Lu는 주어진 예제 오디오 클립을 여러 조각으로 나눈 후, 이 조각들을 그래프 형태로 연결하고, 생성된 그래프를 탐색하면서 임의의 길이를 가지는 오디오 클립을 합성하는 방법을 제안하였다. 비교적 간단한 방법으로도 원본 오디오 클립과 비슷한 느낌의 오디오 클립을 만들어낸다는 장점이 있지만, 이는 원본 내의 여러 오디오 조각들이 단지 지속적으로 연결되는 형태로 합성되기 때문에 종종 반복되는 느낌을 받는다는 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 Lie Lu의 방법과는 달리 주어진 예제 오디오 클립을 직접 합성함으로써 반복성을 줄이면서도 원본과 비슷한 느낌을 갖는 결과 오디오 클립을 생성할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다. 특히 본 논문에서는 정확한 합성을 위하여 EM 최적화 방법을 사용한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 합성 방법은 먼저 예제 오디오 클립을 일정 단위로 나누고 이렇게 나눠진 부분들을 일정 길이만큼 서로 겹쳐지게 합성하여 임의의 길이의 오디오 클립을 만든다. 그 후 만들어진 오디오 클립을 예제 오디오 클립과 부분 부분을 비교하여 확장된 오디오 클립과 최대한 비슷한 부분을 예제 오디오 클립에서 찾는다. 그 다음 찾아진 결과를 결과 오디오에 다시 합성하여 오디오 클립을 만든다. 이런 과정을 반복하여 최적화된 가장 적절한 결과값을 구한다. 이 결과는 분할된 부분들이 가장 자연스럽게 이어지는 결과가 된다. 본 논문에서는 최적화를 사용하여 오디오를 합성하기 때문에 합성 결과를 쉽게 조정할 수 있다는 장점이 있다. 최적화 문제에 특정 제약 조건을 넣음으로써 사용자가 원하는 부분의 음악이 결과 사운드의 특정 부분에 위치 할 수 있게 하고 이로써 특정 흐름을 만들어낼 수 있으며, 일부가 손실된 사운드 데이터의 복구를 가능하게 하는 등의 결과를 생성할 수 있다. EM 최적화를 사용한 오디오 텍스처 합성 방법은 기존의 합성 방법에 비해 질적인 측면에서 보다 좋은 결과를 생성할 수 있고, 비교적 반복이 덜한 패턴들을 만들어 낼 수 있다. 이를 입증하기 위해 이에 대한 사용자 설문 조사 결과가 제시된다.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.215-221
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• 2010

Hopfield networks have been proposed as a new computational tool for finding the shortest path of networks. Zhang and Ali studied the method of finding shortest path by expended neurons of Hopfield networks. Ali Algorithm is well known as the tool with the neurons of branch numbers. Where a network grows bigger, it needs much more time to solve the problem by Ali algorithm. This paper modifies the method to find the synapse matrix and the input bias vector. And it includes the eSPN algorithm after proper iterations of the Hopfield network. The proposed method is a tow-stage method and it is more efficient to find the shortest path.The proposed method is verified by three sample networks. And it could be more applicable then Ali algorithm because it's fast and easy. When the cost of brach is changed, the proposed method works properly. Therefore dynamic cost-varing networks could be used by the proposed method.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.35-51
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• 2000

International trade flows have been determined by social, cultural and political environment around the world as well as economic elements. The environment of international trade has changed rapidly as the world has globalized. Significant changes have been generated in the international trade flows. This study investigates the influences of economic globalization on the international trade flows. The changes in international trade flows examined comprehensively by integrating trade with industrial locations, investment, and the various trade related environments. The focus laid on the integration of world economies, such as widening and intensifying international linkages in economic, political and social relation. Special concerns are laid on the impacts of Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) by Trans National Corporations (TNCs), which affect the supply-demand distributions of commodities by industrial relocations, and the expansion of intra-firm trade flows on the international trade flow patterns. The geographical characteristics of tile origins and destinations of FDI flows analyzed, since the spatial patterns of the intra-firm trade flows are determined by them. The FDI and intra-firm trade flow patterns have changed significantly over time.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.12B
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• pp.1468-1474
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• 2009

This paper shows an UHF RFID metallic tags using a Cavity structure for a long reading range. The reading range of a general passive tag is limited because the EIRP of a reader system is limited as 36㏈m by ISO 18000-6. To extend the reading range, the tag antenna should have a high gain antenna structure. The designed tag antenna is recognized over 10m range with a Cavity structure. The directivity pattern and the performance of the tag with the Cavity structure is stable when it is attached to a metallic object. The designed tag antenna has two kinds as cavity thickness. The sizes of designed tag antennas are $176\;{\times}\;52\;{\times}\;10\;mm$ and $176\;{\times}\;61\;{\times}\;30mm$ They can be attached to a large metallic materials and heavy equipments. The measured reading ranges of the tags are about 11m and 15m when they are attached to a metallic object.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics T
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• v.36T no.4
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• pp.103-109
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• 1999

In this paper, we proposed to a new structure of T-shaped fed microstrip slot antenna using 2-layers dielectric material with a directional radiation characteristic. When the slot antenna of bi-directional radiation want to radiate only one direction, the reflector must be set up, but this antenna does'nt need set up reflector. T-shaped microstrip feed line is proposed for a better impedance matching to the microstrip slot antenna in a various range of slot widths. It was also found that the bandwidth of this antenna is proportional to the slot width. It was also found that the radiation resistance of this feed line structure is quite constant and low regardless to the slot width. We also analyzed this antenna by using the FDTD method, and calculating waves and electric field distribution in the time domain. we also are calculated return loss, VSWR, and radiation pattern in the frequency domain by Fourier transforming the time domain results, respectively. From the measured results, bandwidth was 34.8% in the center frequency. These results were in relatively good accordance with the calculated values.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.16 no.11 s.102
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• pp.1086-1098
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• 2005

Two types of small wideband antennas are proposed for UWB application. One type is small biconical structure fed by coaxial probe, which is easy to be installed on the circuit board. The other type is of planar bow-tie type fed by coplanar transmission line. Generally, the bandwidth of the latter type is significantly narrower than that of the former type. It is shown, however that the bandwidth of the latter type can be made to be comparable to that of the former, if some series inductive component is introduced in the center conductor line in the CPW transmission line by replacing some part of center line with narrower line of higher characteristic impedance. The series inductance component play an important role of neutralizing the capacitive component of the small bow-tie antenna, thereby making broadband impedance matching possible. The small planar bow-tie antenna was fabricated and experimented. The experimental results for return loss are observed to be in good agreement with simulated results. The radiation pattern is also investigated experimentally.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.1184-1193
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• 2010

The upper frequency of international EMC regulations is being expanded above 1 GHz. Radiated emissions above 1 GHz are different from those below 1 GHz that is existing upper regulation frequency, and which have lower field strength and sharper and tilted beam-width, relatively. In this paper, an effective evaluation method to be used above 1 GHz is studied using an offset parabola antenna system having a double-ridged horn antenna as a feed. First, simple model is proposed for calculating antenna factor and field uniformity of the parabola antenna system, and then real radiated emission and radiated susceptibility measurements are performed using a constant noise emitter and the suggested antenna system. The results show that the proposed antenna system has higher gain and power efficiency, and wider field uniformity relative to a conventional double-ridged horn antenna. Therefore, it is confirmed that the proposed system can be effectively used for EMC measurements above 1 GHz.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.65-80
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• 2012

Mobile IP is a simple and scalable global mobility solution. However, it may cause excessive signaling traffic and long signaling delay. So MN (Mobile Node) to the home network in order to reduce the number of location update signaling is necessary to reduce the delay. In this paper, the signaling overhead to be distributed evenly on the boundary of the regional network, each MN's dynamic mobility and traffic load is adjusted according to the PMIPv6 (Proxy Mobile IPv6) networks in the proposed dynamic regional mobility management scheme (dMMS). Each user in a distributed network system that offers the least amount of signaling traffic is tailored to the optimized system configuration. Signaling cost function in order to propose a new discrete analytical model is proposed, MN's mobility and packet arrival patterns. Location update and packet delivery costs to calculate the total average, the optimized area to determine the size of the network is proposed. The results of mathematical analysis, the proposed technique dMMS in terms of reducing the cost of the entire signaling were found to be excellent performance.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.9
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• pp.77-84
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• 2013

There are lots of tries to make a combination between the technology development which is fast arisen and cultural phenomenon which imply in it. We called this research area as the cultural computing or cultural modeling. In this paper, we examine the cultural user interface design, especially cultural design structure based on the contents considering the research trend of the cultural modeling. To design of the contents based on the culture, there is a need to draw a structure of the cultural feature for the contents. To do this, we combine Hofstede's cultural dimensions model with the data of contents and then we suggest cultural index of content(CiCo). Furthermore, we draw national index of cultural content(NiCC), through conjoining CiCo with preference pattern of content consumption for the nations. Suggested CiCo and NiCC are based on Hofstede's model, however they are improved approximately 10% of the explanatory of model than the Hofstede's.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.937-950
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• 2015

Microstrip reflectarray is an antenna which controls its radiation pattern with a number of reflective elements. Conventionally, the reflectarray has been researched to replace curved reflector antennas. In this paper, design theories of reflectarray is briefly introduced, and research trends of high gain and broadband reflectarrays are reviewed. To improve the gain of the reflectarrays, it is required that the reflection phase errors on the reflectarray surface be minimized. For this purpose, sufficiently wide reflection phase range and low phase sensitivity should be realized with the designed element. For bandwidth improvement, the reflection phase of the element should be linear with the frequency variation. In this paper, various researches to improve the reflection phase characteristics of the element for high gain and broadband reflectarrays, such as multi-layer and single-layer multi-resonant structures, are reviewed. Also, dual-reflectarray configuration for compact antenna design is reviewed. Finally, various applications of reflectarrays such as contoured beam, near-field focusing, and RCS reduction are reviewed.