• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.112 no.4
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• pp.530-543
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• 2023

Societal value of the benefits forests provide has grown significantly, given their pivotal role in mitigating climate change and fostering the shift toward a carbon-neutral society. Due to the economic and public value of forests, which extends far beyond landowners and foresters, the forestry sector mutually interacts with society as a whole. Thus, understanding public perceptions and preferences concerning forests and forest policies from the societal viewpoint is vital for shaping future forest policy decisions. This research delved into evolving perceptions over the past 32 years, using a time-series analysis of data gathered from the 'Public awareness survey on forests'. This survey, conducted seven times between 1991 and 2023 by opinion poll agents, provides insights into changing sentiments. The findings reveal a notable increase in public satisfaction with overall forest policies. Specifically, positive sentiments were observed regarding forest rehabilitation, forest trails, education initiatives, and the establishment and functioning of forest recreation facilities. Conversely, the study highlights areas where public satisfaction remained relatively low, notably in matters concerning the use and conversion of mountainous regions, forest disaster prevention, and international forest cooperation. Additionally, the respondents emphasized the need for heightened attention to forest management, the development of forest roads, and increased efforts in overseas afforestation compared to current initiatives.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.44-49
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• 2023

In the global pursuit of carbon neutrality, the rapid increase in the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has led to a corresponding surge in the demand for batteries. To achieve high efficiency in electric vehicles, considerations of weight reduction and battery safety have become crucial factors. Copper and aluminum, both recognized as lightweight materials, can be effectively joined through laser welding. However, due to the distinct physical characteristics of these two materials, the process of joining them poses technical challenges. This study focuses on conducting simulations to identify the optimal laser parameters for welding copper and aluminum, with the aim of streamlining the welding process. Additionally, a Graphic User Interface (GUI) program has been developed using the Python language to visually present the results. Using machine learning image data, this program is anticipated to predict joint success and serve as a guide for safe and efficient laser welding. It is expected to contribute to the safety and efficiency of the electric vehicle battery assembly process.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.39 no.5_4
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• pp.1165-1172
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• 2023

Recently, Korea has declared carbon neutrality by 2050. The Korea Forest Service is promoting the precision and high technology of forest resource surveys. As such, the demand for forest resource management is increasing, and the need to build a digital twin of forest space is increasing. However, to date, digital twin has only built and provided virtual city services, which are city and nationwide digital twin environments. Three-dimensional digital twin services targeting forest space are not operated and provided. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to implement a forest digital twin environment to provide 3D forest spatial information services corresponding to vertical information such as tree-level height and thorax diameter. By lightweighting realistic 3D tree models and applying 3D Tiles, we confirmed the feasibility of implementing a forest digital twin environment for 3D forest spatial information services. Through continuous research, we plan to implement a forest digital twin that can deploy and service 3D tree models for trees nationwide, including street trees in urban areas. This is expected to enable the development of forest digital twin services for forest resource management.

• Korean Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.221-232
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• 2023

Carbon neutrality requires carbon dioxide reduction technology and alternative green energy sources. Palygorskite is a clay mineral with a ribbon structure and possess a large surface area due to the nanoscale pore size. The clay mineral has been proposed as a potential material to capture carbon dioxide (CO₂) and possibly to store eco-friendly hydrogen gas (H2). We report our preliminary results of grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations that investigated the adsorption isotherms and mechanisms of CO₂ and H₂ into palygorskite nanopores at room temperature. As the chemical potential of gas increased, the adsorbed amount of CO₂ or H₂ within the palygorskite nanopores increased. Compared to CO₂, injection of H₂ into palygorskite required higher energy. The mean squared displacement within palygorskite nanopores was much higher for H₂ than for CO₂, which is consistent with experiments. Our simulations found that CO₂ molecules were arranged in a row in the nanopores, while H₂ molecules showed highly disordered arrangement. This simulation method is promising for finding Earth materials suitable for CO₂ capture and H₂ storage and also expected to contribute to fundamental understanding of fluid-mineral interactions in the geological underground.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.38-52
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• 2024

Digital transformation industry contributes to the improvement of productivity in overall industrial production, the smart green industry for carbon neutrality and sustainable growth is growing as a future industry. The purpose of this paper is to explore the status and role of the industry in the future industry innovation ecosystem through the analysis of the growth drivers and location pattern changes of the smart green industry. The industry is on the rise in both metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas, and the growth of the industry can be seen in non-metropolitan and non-urban areas. In particular, due to the smart green industrial complex pilot project, the creation of Gwangju Jeonnam Innovation City, and the promotion of new and renewable energy policies, the emergence of core aggregation areas (HH type) in the coastal areas of Honam and Chungcheongnam-do, and the formation of isolated centers (HL type) in the Gyeongsang region, new and renewable energy production companies are being accumulated in non-metropolitan areas. Therefore, the smart green industry is expected to promote the formation of various specialized spokes in non-urban areas in the future industrial innovation ecosystem that forms a multipolar hub-spoke network structure, where policy factors are the triggers for growth.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 2024

To achieve carbon neutrality and restore the national environment, there is growing interest in policies to transform national land areas into green space, such as expanding nature-based solutions, increasing biodiversity, and improving ecosystem service functions. In addition to complying with international agreements such as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Convention on Biological Diversity, it is necessary to expand green spaces to achieve the 2050 Carbon Neutrality goal, which can be achieved by restoring the damaged land in an ecological way. However, it is challenging to implement green restoration in a systematic and active way due to conflicts of interest among landowners and lack of institutional support and advanced technology. Therefore, this study aims to develop a strategy to expand green restoration and implement it smoothly and systematically. This study examined the current status of green restoration in South Korea by investigating green restoration laws and systems and overseas trends, and by surveying the perceptions of 1,000 people selected from a pool of the public. The results of this study show that it is difficult to implement the green restoration efficiently because the laws related to restoration are scattered. According to the relevant legal plans, the perception and direction of restoration is to pursue a sustainable national land environment, allow people to benefit from nature, improve the quality of life, and nurture related industries and human resources. In the international community, it is mentioned that green restoration contributes to achieving the 2050 Carbon Neutrality goal, revitalizing green industries, developing and applying advanced technologies, maintaining consistency in restoration-related policies, expanding citizens' access to green spaces, and adopting nature-based solutions. Both experts and the public are aware of the seriousness of the damage to the natural environment and prefer restoration with human use rather than focusing on natural recovery. It is expected that this study will contribute to the future direction of green restoration and the implementation of tasks for the sustainable restoration of the national land environment and the zero-carbon era.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.142-156
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• 2024

The transition to electric vehicles is a crucial step toward achieving carbon neutrality in the transportation sector. Adequate charging infrastructure at residential locations is essential. In South Korea, the predominant form of housing is multifamily dwellings, necessitating the provision of public charging stations for numerous residents. Although the government mandates the availability of charging facilities and designated parking areas for electric vehicles, it bases the supply of charging stations solely on the number of parking spaces. Slow chargers, mainly 3.5kW charging outlets and 7kW slow chargers, are commonly used. While the former is advantageous for installation and use, its slower charging speed necessitates the coexistence of both types of chargers. This study presents an optimization model that allocates chargers capable of meeting charging demands based on daily driving distances. Furthermore, using the metaheuristic algorithm Tabu Search, this model satisfies the optimization requirements and minimizes the costs associated with charger supply and usage. To conduct a case study, data from personal travel surveys were used to estimate the driving distances, and a hypothetical charging scenario and environment were set up to determine the optimal supply of 22 units of 3.5kW charging outlets for the charging demands of 100 BEVs.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2024

Carbon dioxide capture utilization and storage (CCUS) techniques have received significant global attention as they are part of efforts to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. Large-scale carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) projects are being actively pursued in North America, the North Sea, the Middle East, and Oceania. Considering the current situation in South Korea, identifying large-scale CCS sites that can secure an annual domestic carbon storage capacity of 30 million tons by 2050 is crucial Therefore, this study analyzed the formation process and geological characteristics of overseas large-scale CCS projects in terms of plate tectonics. We utilized the GPlates program to interpret the formation processes of large-scale CCS projects in North America, the North Sea, Middle East, and Oceania from the perspective of plate tectonics. Additionally, we investigated the geological structure of the CO₂ storage layer and interpreted seismic imaging results obtained from each CCS site. This study will help identify a domestic large-scale CCS site.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.58-68
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• 2024

Critical minerals such as nickel, cobalt and lithium, are known as materials for cathodic active materials of lithium ion batteries. The consumption of the minerals is expected to grow with increasing the demands of electric vehicles, resulting from carbon neutrality. Especially, the demand for LIB (lithium ion battery) recycling is expected to increase to meet the supply of nickel, cobalt and lithium for LIB. The recycling of EOL (end-of-life) LIB can be achieved by leaching EOL LIB using inorganic acid such as HCl, HNO₃ and H₂SO₄, which are regarded as hazardous materials. In the present study, the potential use of MSA (Methanesulfonic acid), as an alternative lixiviant replacing sulfuric acid was investigated. In addition, leaching behaviors of NCM black mass leaching with MSA was also investigated by studying various leaching factors such as chemical concentration, leaching time, pulp density (P/D) and temperatures. The leaching efficiency of nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), lithium (Li), and manganese (Mn) from LIB was enhanced by increasing concentration of lixiviant and reductant, leaching time and temperature. The maximum leaching of the metals was above 99% at 80℃. In addition, MSA can replace sulfuric acid to recover Ni, Co, Li, Mn from NCM black mass.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.69-76
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• 2024

In an effort to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality, countries around the world are aiming to phase out coal-fired power plants. Due to various reasons, electricity production through coal-fired power generation and sulfur oxide (SOx) emissions are expected to continue in the future. In the South Korea, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) and lime materials are used to treat SOx, and most of the sodium bicarbonate is imported. Therefore, this research was conducted to replace sodium bicarbonate by improving the physical properties of lime materials using domestic limestone. Limestone was heat-treated through a box-type electric furnace and a vertical electric furnace. Due to the structural characteristics of the vertical electric furnace, a lime material(quicklime) was possible to improve the physical properties like a specific surface area and a pore volume. Then, they were reached to 22.33 m²/g specific area and 0.14 cc/g pore volume.