• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.61 no.4
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• pp.576-583
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• 2023

This study aimed to investigate the impact of enhancing the electrode conductivity and mitigating the production of hydrogen peroxide - a by-product arising from lactate oxidation - on the performance of lactate electrodes. The electrical conductivity of the electrode was improved by modifying the surface of carbon paper with single-walled carbon nanotubes. Catalase was introduced to effectively eliminate the hydrogen peroxide produced during the lactate oxidation reaction. The carbon paper electrode, with simultaneous immobilization of both lactate oxidase and catalase, yielded a current 1.7 times greater than the electrode where only lactate oxidase was immobilized. The electrode in which lactate oxidase and catalase were co-immobilized on the surface of carbon paper modified with single-walled carbon nanotubes, produced a current of 171 µA, which was more than twice as much current as the carbon paper with only lactate oxidase immobilized. The optimized electrode showed a linear response up to lactate concentration of 20 mM, confirming that it can be used as a sensor electrode.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.123-130
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• 2001

Determination of cadmium(II) ion with a perfluorinated sulfonated polymer-ethylenediamine(nafion-en) modified glassy carbon electrode was studied. It was based on the chemical reactivity of an immobilized layer(nafion-en) to yield complex $[Cd(en)_2]^{2+}$. The reduction peak potential by differential pulse voltammetry(DPV) was observed at $-0.780({\pm}0.005)V$ vs. As/AgCl. The linear calibration curve was obtained in cadmium(II) ion concentration range $5.0{\times}10^{-7}-2.0{\times}10^{-5}M$, and the detection limit(3s) was $2.20{\times}10^{-7}M$. The detection limit of nafion-en modified glassy carbon electrode has been shown about 14 higher sensitivity than a bare glassy carbon electrode.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.177.1-177.1
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• 2014

단일벽 탄소나노튜브(single-wall carbon nanotube)와 그래핀(graphene)과 같은 저차원 구조의 탄소물질은 우수한 기계적, 전기적, 열적 광학적 특성으로 인해 투명하고 유연한 차세대 전자소자로의 응용(투명전극, 투명트랜지스터, 투명센서 등)을 위한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 단일벽 탄소나노튜브와 단일층 그래핀을 이용한 하이브리드 박막을 제작하여 투명전극(transparent electrode)과 전계효과 트랜지스터(field effect transistors)로의 응용 가능성을 연구하였다. 하이브리드 박막의 제작은 간단한 방법으로 단일벽 탄소나노튜브가 스핀 코팅된 구리 호일 위에 열 화학기상증착법(thermal chemical vapor deposition)을 통해 제작 하였다. 제작 과정 중 탄소나노튜브의 스핀코팅 조건을 최적화하여 하이브리드 박막에서 탄소나노 튜브의 밀도와 정렬을 제어하였으며 하이브리드 박막 제작 후 스핀 코팅 방향에 따른 박막의 저항을 측정하여 단일벽 탄소나노튜브의 코팅 방향에 따라 박막의 저항이 달라지는 모습을 확인할 수 있었다. 하이브리드 박막의 투명전극 특성을 확인 한 결과 $300{\Omega}/sq$의 면저항에 96.4%의 우수한 투과도를 보이는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 또한 하이브리드 박막은 CVD 그래핀과 비교하여 향상된 와 on-state current를 보이는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 우리는 단일벽 탄소나노튜와 단일층 그래핀으로 이루어진 하이브리드 박막이 앞으로의 투명하고 유연한 소자제작 연구에 있어 새로운 투명 전극 및, 트랜지스터 제작 방법을 제시 할 수 있을 것이다.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.14-22
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• 2001

For the recycle of coal fly ash generated from power stations, we developed an electrocyclone system which can separate unburned carbon form coal fly ash, based on the fact that coarse fly ash particles contain higher amount of unburned carbon and unburned carbon particles are charged positively, and pure ash particles are charged negatively on contacting each other. Additionally, guide vanes were installed in the cyclone to control the cut size. Two types of electrode, stick and grid type, were designed to investigate the effect of electrode type. Results show that by introducing an electric field inside the cyclone, the yield increases by 5 to 15e1o. But the content of unburned carbon in the clean ash does not change significantly.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.225-231
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• 1989

The heterogeneous rate constants for the electrochemical reduction by $trans-[Co(en)_2X_2](ClO_4)_n$(where X is cyanide, nitrite, ammonia, and isothiocyanate) at mercury and glassy carbon electrode were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, DC polarography, and by using rotating disk electrode. The good linear relationship was obtained between the activation energy of reduction and absorption wave number of complexes on glassy carbon electrode. At mercury electrode, $NO_2^-$ ligated complex showed the large deviation from the linear relationship. The difference in the value of rate constants for $NO_2^-$ ligated complex between mercury and glassy carbon electrode was about three order of magnitude which was much larger than the other complexes. It was suggested that $NO_^-$ ligated complex was reduced by inner-sphere mechanism on mercury electrode from the larger value of activation energy and entropy on mercury than carbon electrode.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.41 no.11
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• pp.727-734
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• 2017

The electrochemical conversion of $CO_2$ is one of the methods for reducing $CO_2$. Four materials (Ag, Ni, Pt, and Ir) were selected as the electrodes. The electrochemical conversion was performed under a cell voltage of 4.0 V at $600^{\circ}C$. The amounts of $CO_2$ reduction and carbon production were at the highest for Ag, followed by, Pt, Ni, and then Ir. The produced carbon samples were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis and XRD. The thermogravimetric analysis results indicated that all the carbon produced at each electrode exhibited similar thermal reactivity. The XRD results showed that the crystallization of carbon was different depending on the electrode utilized. Although electrochemical conversion was the highest for the Ag electrode, a loss of material accompanied it. Therefore, for this study, the optimal electrode is Pt, taking into account reactivity and material losses.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.413-421
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• 2001

The carbon electrodes for fluorine electrolysis were prepared from petroleum cokes containing coal tar pitch as binder and the effects of binder contents on electrode properties were investigated. The evaluations were performed by cyclic voltammogram in the 0.5 M $K_2SO_4$ solution with 1 mM $[Fe$(CN)_6$]^{3-}$/$[Fe$(CN)_6$]^{4-}$redox couple, mechanical strength, and electrochemical behaviour in molten $KF{\cdot}2HF$ electrolyte. It was revealed that the carbon anode formed with 40wt% of coal tar pitch as binder has a better electrode properties compared to those of the other carbon anode, which led to the increase in the effective internal surface area due to proper size and distribution of pores on carbon anode.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.37 no.8
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• pp.735-743
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• 1993

The electrocatalytic reduction of oxygen is investigated by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry at glassy carbon electrode and carbon microelectrode coated with a variety of cobalt phenylprophyrins in various pH solutions. Oxygen reduction catalyzed by the monomeric porphyrin Co(Ⅱ)-TPP mainly occurs through the 2e$^-$ reduction pathway resulting in the formation of hydrogen peroxide whereas electrocatalytic process carried out 4e$^-$ reduction pathway of oxygen to H$_2$O at the electrodes coated with cofacial bis-cobalt phenylporphyrins in acidic solution. The electrocatalytic reduction of oxygen is irreversible and diffusion controlled. The reduction potentials of oxygen in various pH solutions have a straight line from pH 4 to pH 13, but level off in strong acidic solution. The reduction potentials of oxygen shift to positive potential more 400 mV at the electrode coated with monomer Co-TPP compound than bare glassy carbon electrode while 750 mV at the electrode coated with dimer Co-TPP compound.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2012.08a
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• pp.110-110
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• 2012

탄소나노튜브와 그래핀 소재는 나노 스케일의 탄소를 대표하는 소재로서 전기적, 기계적인 특성이 뛰어나며, 화학적으로 안정하고, 환경 친화성을 가지고 있다. 탄소나노튜브의 경우 전기적으로 도체 및 반도체성을 가지고 있을 뿐만이 아니라 직경이 최소 1 nm 수준으로 종횡비 및 비표면적이 매우 큰 특성을 가지고 있어서 차세대 정보 전자소재, 고효율 에너지 소재, 고기능성 복합소재, 친환경 소재 등의 분야에서 많은 응용연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 그래핀의 경우 실리콘의 100배에 이르는 전하 이동도, 구리의 100배에 이르는 전류밀도를 가지며, 열전도도 및 내화학성이 뛰어나고 다양한 화학적 기능화가 가능할 뿐 아니라 뛰어난 유연성과 신축성을 보이면서 그래핀 자체의 물리화적 특성구명과 더불어 투명전극, 반도체, 에너지 전극, 구조체, 가스 베리어 등의 응용연구가 최근 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 발표에서는 최근의 나노카본 기반의 투명전극 및 기체 차단 필름의 연구 개발동향 등에 대해 발표하고자 한다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.87-96
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• 2010

The electrode material is one of the factors affecting the power production of microbial fuel cell. In this study, effects of carbon electrode material, thickness and configuration on the power density, biofilm formation and microbial community diversity of microbial fuel cell were investigated. To optimize the anode-cathode electrode assembly, seven lab-scale reactors which had various carbon electrode constructions were operated in continuous mode. Under the steady state condition, the electrode combination of graphite felt (6 mm) with hole showed the highest cell voltage of 238 mV and the coulombic efficiency of 37%. As a result of SEM analysis, the bacteria growing on surface of knitted type of carbon cloth and graphite felt electrode ncreased significantly. The change of dominant species between seeding sludge and biofilm on the surface of anode electrode, microbial analysis with PCR-DGGE showed that the dominant species of seeding sludge are quite different from those of biofilm on the surface of each anode electrode. Especially Geobacter sp., a well known electrochemical bacteria, was found as the dominant species of the electrode combination with graphite felt.