• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.291-297
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• 1979

The experimentally cultivated potatoes of 4 varieties, Irish Cobbler, Warba, Shimabara, and Saco were dried in a frozen state, powdered subsequently and subjected to the extraction of free and bound lipids. Constituents of the prepared lipids were fractionated, quantified, and compared by the methods of column and gas-liquid chromatographies. The results were summarized as follows : 1. The total crude lipid content in potato on a dry weight basis was 0.57 % of which 0.2 % was free lipid and 0.37 % was bound lipid. 2. The neutral lipid content in the free lipid was 14.9 %, approximately 3 times as much as the 4.5 % contained in the bound lipid, whereas the glycolipid content in the free lipid was 15.1 %, slightly less than 22.2 % contained in the bound lipid. However, the phospholipid content was 33.9 % in the bound lipid, approximately 4.5 times as much as the 7.2 % contained in the free lipid. This fact revealed that the bound lipid consisted mainly of polar lipid, while the free lipid consisted of neutral lipids, glycolipids and phospholipids in about the same proportion. 3. The main fatty acids constituting more than 90 % in the free and bound lipids were linoleic, palmitic and linolenic acids. The content of the saturated fatty acid was slightly less in the free lipid than in the bound lipid, whereas the unsaturated fatty acids were more abundant in the free lipid.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.163-172
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• 2004

The molecular size distribution and fluorescence properties of soil fulvic acids (FA) were characterized by using gel filtration chromatography (GFC) and luminescence spectroscopy. The objectives of this work were to fractionate the FA extracted from a forest soil into different nominal molecular size using GFC system and to characterize the fluorescence properties (excitation, emission and synchronous) of these fractions using luminescence spectrometer. The GFC column was calibrated with polyethylene glycols, acetone and dextrane Blue. The total permeation volume of the GFC system was 404 mL and the void volume 130 mL. The GFC molecular weight of the soil FA was in the range of 190~8,900 Dalton and the molecular weight at the peak on the chromatogram was 930 Dalton. The fluorescence intensity ratio ($I_{498nm}/I_{390nm}$) was found to be increased with an increasing molecular weight. This results may suggest that the fulvic acid fractions with high molecular weight have large amount of the condensed aromatic compound.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.147-153
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• 2005

Benzophenone (BP) which is one of endocrine disrupting chemicals is suspected to contaminate waters (river, lake and industrial drainage) and soils (ground soil and sediment). Analytical method for determination of BP in soil and water was developed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Water sample (100 mL) was extracted with n-hexane, and soil (10 g) was extracted with methanol and n-hexane. Recovery for BP was >71.4% in water and 86.5-94.7% in soil with coefficient variation of less than 19.8%. Calibration curves showed a good linearity ($r^2$ >0.998). In water, soil and sediment collected at nation-wide sites, BP was detected at 5 sites among 43 water sites at the concentration range of 30-200 ng/L. No BP was found in the soil and sediment samples. It is suggested that this method will be useful to the determination of BP in the environmental matrices such as waters, soils and sediments in minute quantities.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.269-275
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• 2013

Antifungal and insecticidal activity of Korean traditional medicinal plants was carried out to develop natural material for the development of organic cultural heritage conservation. As a result, Phellodendron amurense fruit was finally selected as a candidate of antifungal and insecticidal natural material. An novel active compound was purified from the ethylacetate fraction of Phellodendron amurense fruits using silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and PTLC. The compound was obtained as yellow oil form; UV ${\lambda}_{max}$(MeOH): 260 nm. The chemical structure of novel compound was determined as (4'-ethyl-2'-methylfuranyl)-6-methoxy-7-methylnona-2E,4E,6Z,8E-tetraenoic acid on the basis of various NMR experiments including $^1H$- and $^{13}C$-NMR, HMQC, HMBC and ESI-mass spectrum.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.567-573
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• 2015

In this study, volatile compounds in nine commercial Japanese distilled liquors (Shochu) were isolated by headspace solid-phase microexrraction (SPME) and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry (MS). A total of 76 volatile components, including 48 esters, 13 alcohols, and 15 miscellaneous components, were identified. Esters and alcohols constituted the largest groups of quantified volatiles. Differences in volatile components among the distilled liquors and possible sample grouping were examined by applying principal component analyses to the GC-MS data sets. The first and second principal components explained 77.92% of the total variation across the samples. The samples using barley koji showed higher overall concentrations of total volatile components. Additionally, the principal component analysis did not reveal any sample grouping based on the raw material used.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.76-82
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• 2006

The dried ground needles (2.0 kg) of Chamaecyparis pisifera (Sieb. et Zucc.) Endlicher were extracted with acetone-$H_2O$ (7:3, v/v), concentrated, and fractionated with a series of n-hexane, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate and water on a separation funnel. Each fraction was freeze dried, then a portion of ethyl acetate soluble powder was chromatographed on a Sephadex LH-20 column using a series of aqueous methanol and ethanol-n-hexane mixture as eluents. The isolated compounds were identified by cellulose TLC, $^1H$-, $^{13}C$-NMR, COSY, HETCOR, FAB and EI-MS. (+)-catechin, taxifolin-3-O-${\beta}$-D-xylopyrano-side, quercetin-3-O-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranoside were isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of Chamaecypairs pisifera needle. Antioxidative tests on the isolated compounds indicated that all of the compounds showed similar values to ${\alpha}$-tocopherol and BHT as controls.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.79-85
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• 2006

Paulownia coreana Uyeki fruits were collected, extracted with acetone-$H_2O$ (7:3, v /v), fractionated with n-hexane, methylene chloride, and ethyl acetate, then freeze dried to give some dark brown powder. The ethyl acetate soluble mixture was chromatographed on a Sephadex LH-20 column using a series of aqueous methanol and ethanol-hexane mixture as eluents. Spectrometric analysis such as NMR and MS including TLC were performed to establish the structures of the isolated compounds. From the ethyl acetate fraction, one phenolic acid (I) and five flavonoids (II~VI) and were isolated and elucidated. The antioxidative activities were tested on the isolated compounds, crude and fractionated extractives by DPPH radical scavenging method. The result showed that caffeic acid, kaempferol, luteolin, quercetin and the EtOAc soluble fraction exhibited higher activities than those of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol and BHT.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.185-191
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• 1991

The chemical composition and characteristics of the source rock collected from Dolgorae-1 well in Korea continental shelf block VI( $35^{\circ}$ 18'N.L., $130^{\circ}$ 28'E) have been investigated. An oil show analyzer(OSA) has been used to determine the contents of gas, oil and total organic carbon(TOC). The average TOC value for the sample is found to be 0.59%. The OSA has also provided hydrogen index and $T_{max}$, the maximum temperature which generate maximum hydrocarbons from kerogen. From a $T_{max}$-hydrogen index diagram the type of organic matter in the source rock was estimated to be type III kerogen. The content of bitumen and its molecular weight have been determined by means of extraction method and gel permeation chromatograph, respectively. The physicochemical properties has been studied using X-ray diffraction spectrometer, IR spectrometer and thermogravimetric method. On the basis of the results obtained in the present work, the samples collected from Dolgorae-1 well are evaluated to be poor source rocks.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.63 no.3
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• pp.249-257
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• 2020

This study investigated whether the extracts from cosmos flowers exhibit antibacterial activities and identified which components were ascribed to the antibacterial effects. The antibacterial effects of extracts from white, pink, and violet cosmos flowers were observed for 24 h after inoculation with four kinds of bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. Among the three fractions of cosmos flower extracts, the best antibacterial activity against the four bacteria was observed in the extracts isolated from the EtOAc layer. However, the extracts from the CHCl₃ layer were also effective against S. aureus. Moreover, the first of white, second of pink, and first of violet silica gel fractions (Fr.) isolated from the EtOAc layer exhibited minimal inhibition at a concentration of 0.1 mg/mL. Comparison of NMR and High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography results between silica gel Fr. and apigenin suggested that the effective fractions can contain a component including apigenin moiety.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.442-447
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• 2007

The properties of garlic (Allium sativum L.) are attributed to organosulfur compounds. In this paper, an analytical technique with a rapid and simple sample preparation procedures for determination of diallyl disulfide (DADS) in garlic was reported. The DADS was simply extracted with various solvents (methanol, benzene or tetrahydrofuran) from garlic and prepared for HPLC analysis. From the results, the methanol was select as an optimal extraction solvent. The mobile phase was composed from methanol and water, and the gradient elution mode was applied. 0.61 mg of DADS per g garlic powder can be extracted with methanol. This work offers some advantages over the currently accepted techniques and would be useful for chemical and biological studies of garlic and its products.