• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.151-157
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• 2005

목적: 다양한 발생부위에서 발생한 두경부종양을 대상으로 3차원 입체조형치료를 시도하여 표적체적 내 선량균일성과 주변장기의 선량분포변하를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1995년 1월부터 1996년 12월까지 3차원 입체조형치료를 시행 받은 38명에 분석을 시행하였다. 3차원 입체조형 치료는 동일평면 또는 비동일평면상에서 4개에서 14개의 조사면 수로 시행되었다. 3차원 입체조형치료계획시 표적 체적에 $50{\sim}82Gy$의 선량을 처방하였고, 이하선 안구, 척수, 측두하악관절 등을 보호하고자 하였다. 3차원 입체조형치료 계획을 기존의 2차원 치료계획과 비교하기 위하여 표적체적과 주변정상자기의 선량체적히스토그램, 평균선량, 표적체적 내에서 처방선량의 $95{\sim}105%$의 선량이 분포하는 체적을 비교하였다 치료계획에서 실제 치료시까지 소용되는 비용효과를 비교하였다. 대상환자의 평균추적기간은 34개월이었다. 결 과: 3차원 입체조형시료는 2차원 치료에 비해서 표적체적내 평균선량이 평균 10% 증가하였고, 주변정장기에 조사되는 방사선량이 현저히 감소됨을 관찰할 수 있었고 표적체적에 대한 등선량 곡선 분포가 우수함을 관찰할 수 있었다. 결 론: 3차원 입체조형치료는 두경부종양에서 표적체적의 선량 균일성이 증가하였고, 주변장기의 보존이 가능할 것으로 생각되었다. 따라서 본 저자들은 3차원 입체조형치료가 두경부종양에서 국소제어율과 무질병생존율 향상에 기여할 것으로 생각하였다.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.416-425
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• 1999

복잡한 무결성 제약 조건을 효율적으로 확인하기 위해 제약 조건들을 룰 베이스(rule base)에 저장하고 별도의 룰 관리 시스템과 제약 조건 관리 시스템을 통해 제약 조건을 확인하는 기법이 많은 연구자들에 의해 연구되고 발표되었다. 그러나 제약 조건 관리 시스템이 실행시간에 응용 프로그램을 항상 모니터링하고 있다가 데이타의 수정이 요청될 때마다 개입하여 프로세스를 중단시키고 관련 제약 조건을 확인하는 기존의 방법들은 처리 시간의 지연을 피할 수 없다. 본 논문은 컴파일 시간에 제약 조건 확인 코드를 응용 프로그램에 미리 삽입할 것을 제안한다. 응용 프로그램 자체 내에 제약 조건 확인 코드가 삽입되기 때문에 실행 시간에 다른 시스템의 제어를 받지 않고 직접 제약 조건의 확인 및 데이타베이스의 접근이 가능해져서 처리 시간의 지연을 피할 수 있을 것이다. 이를 위해 어떤 구문이 제약 조건의 확인을 유발하는 지를 추적하였고, 컴파일러가 그러한 구문을 어떻게 전처리 과정에서 검색하는지 그리고 그러한 구문마다 어떻게 해당 제약 조건 확인 코드를 삽입할 수 있는 지를 객체지향1) 데이타베이스 언어인 Objectivity/C++에 대해 gcc의 YACC 코드를 변경함으로써 보여 주었다.Abstract To cope with the complexity of handling integrity constraints, numerous researchers have suggested to use a rule-based system, where integrity constraints are expressed as rules and stored in a rule base. A rule manager and an integrity constraint manager cooperate to check the integrity constraints efficiently. In this approach, however, the integrity constraint manager has to monitor the activity of an application program constantly to catch any database operation. For each database operation, it has to check relevant rules with the help of the rule manager, resulting in considerable delays in database access. We propose to insert the constraints checking code in the application program directly at compile time. With constraints checking code inserted, the application program can check integrity constraints by itself without the intervention of the integrity constraint manager. We investigate what kind of statements require the checking of constraints, show how the compiler can detect those statements, and show how constraints checking code can be inserted into the program, by modifying the GCC YACC file for Objectivity/C++, an object-oriented database programming language.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.11B
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• pp.1710-1714
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• 2010

The budget for the acquisition and R&D for the national defence systems has come out of tax payers' pockets. On the other hand, the weapon systems become more complex and thus the underlying costs tend to increase continuously. As such, the need for efficiently managing the budget has drastically increased. In accordance with this necessity, the Defence Acquisition Program Administration (DAPA) of Korea has issued the instruction No.65 dictating that systems engineering (SE) must be applied when weapon systems are acquired or developed in Korea. Specifically, a list of the products that should be generated from the acquisition programs is provided. The problem is that the unexperienced companies in the defence systems industry cannot easily know how to approach the new regulation. The purpose of this study is to devise a possible remedy to solve the problem. To do so, we first review the list of the products that are required by DAPA. Then, an appropriate systems engineering processes is studied for each product. Then, a necessary link between each product and SE process activity is identified and summarized. The result obtained may be useful as a stepping stone to develop more efficient method for the list of the products.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.101-115
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• 2008

Recently in the human society, the crime using small arms has increased. Also, many accidents happen because of incomplete management of chemicals and radiation. Accordingly, it is necessary to manage dangerous objects by tracing the position of dangerous objects and rapidly providing the correct information for them. This paper presents a web-based system for real-time monitoring of dangerous objects using RFID in order to overcome the limitations and problems of current dangerous objects management techniques. In this paper, we define the architecture for web-based dangerous objects monitoring system and the scheme for storing information of a dangerous object in the RFID tag. We also implement the web-based monitoring system and present the execution result of the system. The proposed real-time monitoring system is composed of the dangerous objects monitoring server which manages information of dangerous objects and controls them, the dangerous objects monitoring middleware which is mediator between dangerous objects and the server, the RFID reader which reads information of dangerous objects from RFID tags attached to the objects and the database which stores information, status and position of dangerous object. The proposed system manages diverse dangerous objects such as small arms, radiation and harmful chemicals based on the position of them using RFID, so the user can check dangerous objects when they are checked in and checked out and the user can acquire the real-time position information of them through the system. Furthermore, the user can visually monitor dangerous objects through web browser from any where and at any time because the system is web-based system and it provides graphical user interface.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.821-828
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• 2011

This paper developed the algorithm for improving the performance the auto pilot in the autonomous vehicle system consisting of the Track keeping control, the Automatic steering, and the Automatic mooring control. The automatic steering is the control device that could save the voyage distance and cost of fuel by reducing the unnecessary burden of driving due to the continuous artificial navigation, and avoiding the route deviation. During the step of the ship autonomic navigation control, since the wind power or the tidal force could make the ship deviate from the fixed course, the automatic steering calculates the difference between actual sailing line and the set course to keep the ship sailing in the vicinity of intended course. first, we could get the transfer function for the modeling of ship according to the Nomoto model. Considering the maneuverability, we propose it as linear model with only 4 degree of freedoms to present the heading angle response to the input of rudder angle. In this paper, the model of ship is derived from the simplified Nomoto model. Since the proposed model considers the maximum angle and rudder rate of the ship auto pilot and also designs the Fuzzy controller based on existing PID controller, the performance of the steering machine is well improved.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.15-31
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• 2013

This paper proposes an intermediate image generation method for the viewer's view point by tracking the viewer's face, which is converted to a digital hologram. Its purpose is to increase the viewing angle of a digital hologram, which is gathering higher and higher interest these days. The method assumes that the image information for the leftmost and the rightmost view points within the viewing angle to be controlled are given. It uses a stereo-matching method between the leftmost and the rightmost depth images to obtain the pseudo-disparity increment per depth value. With this increment, the positional informations from both the leftmost view point and the rightmost view point are generated, which are blended to get the information at the wanted intermediate viewpoint. The occurrable dis-occlusion region in this case is defined and a inpainting method is proposed. The results from implementing and experimenting this method showed that the average image qualities of the generated depth and RGB image were 33.83[dB] and 29.5[dB], respectively, and the average execution time was 250[ms] per frame. Also, we propose a prototype system to service digital hologram interactively to the viewer by using the proposed intermediate view generation method. It includes the operations of data acquisition for the leftmost and the rightmost viewpoints, camera calibration and image rectification, intermediate view image generation, computer-generated hologram (CGH) generation, and reconstruction of the hologram image. This system is implemented in the LabView(R) environments, in which CGH generation and hologram image reconstruction are implemented with GPGPUs, while others are implemented in software. The implemented system showed the execution speed to process about 5 frames per second.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.808-814
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• 2010

In this paper we executed a SBL(Short Baseline) underwater acoustic positioning system that is a kind of underwater position estimation system to estimates the 3-dimensional position of ROV(Remotely Operated Vehicle) using hydrophones and DAQ(Data Acquisition) system in the basin which dimensions are $3{\times}3{\times}1.7(m)$. For this experiment, we let 4 hydrophones in different positions of the basin for receiver and 1 hydrophone is fixed on the underwater vehicle for transmitting sensor(pinger). These five hydrophones are communicated with each other to find the 3-D positions of the moving ROV in the basin. The measured signals are collected by DAQ system and the positions of the ROV are plotted by LabView program in real-time. To estimate the position of the ROV we used a trigonometric method. In X and Y plane the estimated data has a small errors but in Z plane the estimated data has large errors so we cannot use this data for position control. One solution of this problem is using depth sensor that implemented of the underwater vehicle. Hereafter, we will test in the ocean using designed SBL system.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.55-64
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• 2013

In this paper, the HILS (Hardware In-the-Loop Simulation) system to analyze and to verify the performance of the targeting pod is addressed. The main functions of the targeting pod is acquiring and tracking targets to guide a LGB (Laser Guided Bomb) to the targets. For the analysis of targeting pod, the real time simulate images generation of IR and daylight cameras, sever control technology, and the analysis of laser transfer characteristics are necessary. For the real time image generation and the laser transfer characteristics analysis, off-the-shelf SDK(Software Development Kit) OKTAL-SE is used. For the servo controller, well-proven mechanism in the previous program is applied to increase servo control accuracy. To analyze the performance of a targeting pod in a realistic environment, 1553B, ARINK818 interface and etc. which are actually implemented in real combat aircrafts are applied in the system. By using the developed HILS system, the performance of currently operating targeting pods in real combat aircrafts can be analyzed and predicted. Additionally, the relationship between overall system performance and each module performance can be analyzed, the currently developed HILS system is expected to be a very useful tool to generate system development requirements of targeting pods and to reduce any possible future development risks.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.17-24
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• 2021

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) can be fabricated through solution process economically with variable bandgap that is controlled by composition of precursor solution. Tandem cells in which PSCs combined with silicon solar cells have potential to reach high power conversion efficiency over 30%, however, lack of long-term stability of PSCs is an obstacle to commercialization. Degradation of PSCs is mainly attributed to the mass transport of halide and metal electrode materials. In order to ensure the long-term stability, the mass transport should be inhibited. In this study, we confirmed degradation behaviors due to the mass transport in PSCs and designed buffer layers with LiF and/or SnO₂ to improve the long-term stability by suppressing the mass transport. Under high-temperature storage test at 85℃, PSCs without the buffer layers were degraded by forming PbI₂, AgI, and the delta phase of the perovskite material, while PSCs with the buffer layers showed improved stability with keeping the original phase of the perovskite. When the LiF buffer and encapsulation were applied to PSCs, superior long-term stability on 85℃-85% RH dump heat test was achieved; efficiency drop was not observed after 200 h. It was also confirmed that 90.6% of the initial efficiency was maintained after 200 hours of maximum power tracking test under AM 1.5G-1SUN illumination. Here, we have demonstrated that the buffer layer is essential to achieve long-term stability of PSCs.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.58
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• pp.307-336
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• 2018

This paper traces the historical genealogy of the subjectivity and the silsim (實心, true mind) that appear in Jeong In-Bo's "gukhak" (國學, the national learning) thought and illuminates its characteristics. In the modern East Asian history of thought, the beginning of the emergence of subjectivity and the silsim as the main philosophical topic comes from the Neo-Confucianism of Song Dynasty in China. Cheng Yi is the first thinker to emphasize subjectivity and consciousness. Zhu Xi and Wang Yang-ming inherit the Neo-Confucian thought based on Cheng Yi's principle of subjectivity, but only show difference in methodology. In the Chosun Dynasty, Jeong Je-Doo and his School were one example of the Neo-Confucian spirit of subjectivity and the silsim. Although Jeong In-Bo (鄭寅普) belongs to Jeong Je-Doo's school of Ganghwa in the school curriculum, he has only used it methodologically since he believed that Yangming's learning is more effective in the awareness and practice of the silsim. Especially noteworthy is that the principle of subjectivity led Jeong In-Bo to follow the frame of Zhu Xi's moral theory. Jeong's claim that selfish desire (jasasim 自私心) should be controlled by a conscious mind (silsim) being aware of the right and 'ought to do' corresponds to Zhu Xi's view that the moral mind (dosim 道心) should be selected in the conflict situation between sensual desire (insim 人心) and moral consciousness so that the insim should be supervised by the dosim. Such ethics is a position to emphasize the inner motive and the sense of duty of conduct, and there is no fundamental difference in Zhu Xi and Wang Yang-ming. At least on this point, it is necessary to look at modern and contemporary Korean studies from the perspective of continuity, not discontinuity from Confucian tradition.