• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.699-705
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• 2014

This study was conducted to select the coagulant for konjac processing and to identify the antibacterial activity on foodborn pathogens by concentration of $Ca(OH)_2$. In rheological properties such as hardness, gumminess and chewiness, konjac jelly were increased by progressing coagulation regardless of coagulant. In mineral contents, the Ca content of konjac jelly made with $Ca(OH)_2$ was significantly higher than that of NaOH. On the contrary, the Na content of konjac jelly made with NaOH coagulant was significantly higher than that of $Ca(OH)_2$. There were no significant differences in the Mg and P contents according to coagulant. In sensory evaluation, there were no significant differences in the color, flavor, taste, texture and overall quality according to coagulant. The antimicrobial activities of Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Salmonella typhimurium were inhibited in proportion to the concentration of $Ca(OH)_2$. According to the manufacturing process of konjac jelly, the change in microorganism was not found after molding.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.280-286
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• 2014

This study investigated to changes in the sensory characteristics of cheonggukjang made with smoked soybean. The total organic acid content of cheonggukjang made with smoked soybeans (CSS) increased to about two times in comparison with cheonggukjang made with non-smoked soybeans (CNS). Among the organic acids, the amount of succinic acid was highest for both CSS and CNS. The total free sugar content of CSS ($228.6{\pm}8.8mg%$) was significantly reduced compared to that of CNS ($350.1{\pm}13.7mg%$). Further, the total free amino acid content of CSS ($10,123.3{\pm}301.4mg%$) was significantly increased compared to that of CNS ($8,912.5{\pm}286.5mg%$). The contents of sweet, savory and bitter taste compounds were significantly elevated in CSS when compared to that of CNS. However, there were no significant differences in the total content of fatty acids in CNS and CSS. The sensory evaluation of aroma, taste and overall quality of CSS were significantly increased compared to that of CNS. Taken together, it was expected that a smoking process is useful for the development of new fermented foods.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.274-279
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• 2014

The objective of this study was to investigate the fermentation characteristics of cheonggukjang made with smoked soybeans. The study found that the amino nitrogen content and pH of cheonggukjang made with smoked soybean (CSS) were significantly elevated compared to that of cheonggukjang made with non-smoked soybeans (CNS). On the other hand, the moisture content of CSS was significantly lower when compared to that of CNS. Moreover, there were no significant differences in the viscous substance content between CNS ($5.8{\pm}0.2%$) and CSS ($5.6{\pm}0.3%$). In terms of colour, the L and b values of CSS were higher than that of CNS, whereas the a value of CNS was higher than that of CSS. Hence, it was confirmed that the total isoflavone contents in CSS ($1,624.6{\pm}53.2{\mu}g/g$) were higher than that in CNS ($1,590.6{\pm}59.3{\mu}g/g$). In both CSS and CNS, the content of genistin was highest followed by glacitin and daidzein. Also, the number of aerobic bacteria in CNS ($8.1{\pm}0.4\;log\;cfu/g$) was higher than that in CSS ($7.3{\pm}0.3\;log\;cfu/g$). Taken together, a smoking process can useful for the development of new cheonggukjang products.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.318-322
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• 2013

This study was designed to investigate changes in germination characteristics and color as well as the content of isoflavones of Eunhakong germinated under dark conditions. The wet weight of Enhakong was increased as germination progressed. It reached $299.7{\pm}15.0%$ at 60 h after the beginning of sprouting. The relative dry weight was consistently decreased as germination progressed, and it reached $65.8{\pm}8.2%$ at 60 h after the beginning of sprouting. The length of sprout was rapidly increased at the latter stage compared to the beginning of germination. Most soybean seeds were successfully germinated at 60 h after beginning of sprouting. The L value was considerably increased at the early stage of germination and it reached $63.4{\pm}0.7$ at 60 h. The a value was rapidly increased at the beginning of germination and decreased thereafter. The b value was increased at the beginning of germination and did not changed thereafter. It was confirmed that the total isoflavone content, in which the m-genistin was highest followed by daidzin, and than slightly decreased.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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• v.33B no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 1996

In this paper, as a new grey scale method for simple matrix LCDs, the grey scale method using the new code scheme was proposed. The experiment and the characteristic estimation for the new grey scale method were performed by the simulation of the 16 and 32 grey patterns and the calculation of the driving voltages. As a result of the experiment and the characteristic estimation, the 16 grey mode using the 3 bits code scheme, (7, 5, 3) has the maximum driving voltage which is reduced by 19% and 9.6% each compared with the values in the conventional grey modes discussed in this paper. And the extent of improvement in the driving voltage characteristics is increased much as the number of grey levels increases. On the other hand, as a result of the grey image estimation through the grey pattern simulation, the 3 bits 16 grey mode degrades the characteristics of the grey image more or less compared with the conventional grey method but the extent of this characteristic degradation is much reduced with the increase in the number of grey levels such as 32 grey scale, etc. Consequently the grey scale method using the new code scheme proposed in this paper is confirmed as a method that it minimized the degradation of grey characteristics and improves the driving voltage characteristics effectively.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2017

It is well known that malnutrition is a predictor of mortality in hemodialysis patients. The number of diabetic nephropathy patients is increasing rapidly. This study aimed to investigate nutritional status and nutrient intake according to the presence of diabetes among hemodialysis patients. The nutritional intake and general characteristics of outpatients at Ajou University Hospital (24 with diabetes and 30 without diabetes) were investigated between July and September 2015. Patients' general data were collected, and nutritional status by Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) was evaluated. Nutrient intakes were assessed according to 3-day food records. There was no significant difference regarding body weight between the two groups. However, the non-diabetic group showed a better nutritional status by Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) ($5.2{\pm}4.4$ vs. $8.0{\pm}4.3$ score, non-diabetics vs. diabetics, P<0.05). There was no difference in daily calorie intake ($1,473.9{\pm}370.5$ vs. $1,503.8{\pm}397.5kcal$) and protein intake ($60.3{\pm}19.7$ vs. $65.6{\pm}20.5g$) in those with diabetes. Intakes of vegetables protein, sodium, potassium, vitamin C, folic acid and fiber were significantly higher in the diabetic group compared to those of the non-diabetic group. There was no difference in daily nutrient intake between the hemodialysis weekday and weekend groups. The non-diabetic group had higher calorie and sodium intakes per meal in the hemodialysis weekday group, but the difference was not significant. Based on these results, intervention should be performed to improve nutritional status in consideration of diabetes and dietary patterns.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.216-224
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the periodontal disease awareness and periodontal health status of industrial workers in an attempt to help facilitate their prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases. The findings of the study were as follows: 1. In regard to a knowledge acquisition route on periodontal diseases, the largest number of the industrial workers investigated(36.3%) learned about the diseases from dental hospitals. As to scaling cycle, the younger workers deemed it necessary to get their teeth scaled every six months. In contrary, the older workers considered it advisable to do that about once a year. Age made a statistically significant difference to that (p<.05). 2. As for the state of the periodontal diseases of the workers, the greatest group (26.5%) found themselves to have something between their teeth often. The second most prevalent peridontal disease was gingival bleeding(24.5%), and the third largest group(24.5%) had teeth that were sensitive to cold. The fourth greatest group(15.9%) had the swollen gums from time to time, and the fifth largest group(4.5%) had shaken teeth. 3. Concerning the cause of periodontal diseases, the largest group (48.8%) cited an incorrect toothbrushing. As to the prevention of periodontal diseases, the greatest group(66.8%) viewed the right toothbrushing as the best way for that as well.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.595-610
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• 2018

It is becoming common that the lack of child care due to changes in social structure and family function should be serviced at society and at the national level. Interest in child care services in child care facilities also increased. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of organizational culture on child care respect for young children's rights that is needed to improve the quality of child care services. The questionnaire was administered to 340 day care teachers working in day care facilities and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 statistical program. An analysis of the impact of organizational culture on child care among infants and toddlers showed that development culture, rational culture, collective culture, and hierarchical culture, which are sub-factors of organizational culture, have statistically significant on day -to-day respect, and child- first interests. The degree of influence was shown in the order of development culture, hierarchical culture, and rational culture. In particular, the influence of group culture is very low, which has been proven to differ depending on the type of organizational culture. These results show that the organizational culture of child care facilities affects child care respect for young children's rights. In the end, we suggested the theoretical and practical implications of this study, presented limitations and future research directions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.83 no.2
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• pp.304-316
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• 2022

Purpose To evaluate the effect of the emergence of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) on pediatric intussusception. Materials and Methods Patients (< 18 years) who were diagnosed with intussusception and received enema reduction from 2011 to 2020 were included. We reviewed the demographics, yearly/monthly/seasonal incidence of intussusception, method and failure rate of enema reduction, recurrence rate of intussusception, surgical record, and pathologic report. Subsequently, we investigated the differences in mean age, failure rate of enema reduction, and recurrence rate of intussusception between the cases in 2020 and those in the period from 2011 to 2019. Results A total of 859 enema reductions were performed during the past decade, more in males and in the age < 1 year (mean age, 22.2 months). The yearly incidence was highest in 2014 and lowest in 2020, and the monthly incidence was highest on December and September. The cases in 2020 (n = 27) had a lower mean age (18.1 months vs. 22.8 months), higher failure rate of enema reduction (7.4% vs. 2.4%), and higher recurrence rate of intussusception (14.8% vs 7.3%) compared with those that occurred between 2011 and 2019 (n = 832). However, these results did not show statistical significance (p = 0.07, p = 0.15, p = 0.14, respectively). Conclusion With the emergence of COVID-19, the number of enema reductions was remarkably decreased with a lower mean age, higher failure rate, and higher recurrence rate.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.103-122
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• 2012

Nowadays, advanced countries and international community in which provide many services and profits due to rapid progress space science and technology whereas there is rising possibility of damage by collision of space object and increase of space debris. I will propose the concept and range of damage in the basis of review of space treaty and space liability convention as form of international order to fair and complete compensate to victim of accident and hazardous space activity. And, I will try to discuss possibility of compensation on personal damage and mental damage, scope of material damage, possibility of compensation about environmental contamination, issue of satellite data sending, place of damage, and so on. Also, I would like to propose establishment of space tribunal and regional cooperative agency.