• Clean Technology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.123-143
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• 2012

Supercritical fluid technology (SFT) is recently one of the most new techniques, which has been interested various fields of related chemical industries. SFT is the most effective and practical technology with eco-friendly, energy-savings, and high efficiency as the technique using the advantages of supercritical fluid such as high solvation power, solubility, mass transfer rate, and diffusion rate. Especially, it is necessary to analyze, evaluate, and develop the potential of application techniques using SFT with these characterizations. Therefore in this review, the phase behavior in supercritical fluid at high temperature and pressure of monomers/polymers for the optimization of polymerization process are briefly described, and the preparation of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) in supercritical fluid using supercritical polymerization and the performance evaluation of MIPs are introduced.

• Clean Technology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2009

Catalytic hydrodechlorination of PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) included in the transformer oil was carried out to detoxify PCBs and to recycle the treated oil. Catalysts such as 0.98 wt% Pt and 0.79 wt% Pd on ${\gamma}$-alumina (${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$) support, 12.8 wt% Ni on ${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$, and 57.6 wt% Ni on silica-alumina ($SiO_2-Al_2O_3$) support were used for the catalytic hydrodechlorination. Various supercritical fluids such as carbon dioxide, propane and isobutane were used as reaction media. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, catalysts, and supercritical fluids on the catalytic hydrodechlorination were examined in detail. The detoxification degree increased in the order of Ni > Pd > Pt. This is possibly due to higher metal loading and larger metal size of the Ni catalyst. Below $175^{\circ}C,\;scCO_2$ was found as the most effective reaction media for the catalytic hydrodechlorination of PCBs included in the transformer oil.

• Bulletin of Food Technology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.70-75
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• 1995

• Resources Recycling
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.71-77
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• 2014

It is believed to have the international competitiveness of the domestic petrochemical in conjunction with the production of high value-added new product and variety of application by supercritical fluid process and the reaction of infusible/insoluble plastic wastes recycling. In this article, the patents and papers for the recycling of organic residues from the plastic wastes using supercritical fluids were collected and analyzed. The open patents of USA (US), European Union (EP), Japan (JP), and Korea (KR) and SCI journals from 1993 to 2012 were investigated. The patents and journals were collected using key-words and filtered by the definition of the technology. The patents and journals were analyzed by the years, countries, companies, and technologies and the technical trends were discussed in this paper.

• Clean Technology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.80-87
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• 2010

In this study, micro- and submicron particles of itraconazole, a poorly water-soluble antifungal drug, were prepared for improving its aqueous solubility using an ultrasound-assisted supercritical fluid technique, called SAS-EM. The SAS-EM process used in our experiments was different from the conventional SAS-EM in that the ultrasound was applied directly to the spray nozzle. The effect of the ultrasonic power, temperature, and solvent on the formation of itraconazole particles were investigated. Smaller particles were obtained through our SAS-EM process compared with the ASES process, and the mean particle size decreased as the ultrasonic power increased. Our experimental results confirmed that the ultrasound-assisted supercritical fluid process is an efficient method for producing ultrafine particles.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.715-718
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• 2002

The supercritical dyeing process has been gaining the increasing importance because of environment reason. For further development of this process, it is needed to measure the solubility in supercritical fluids in the extensive ranges of temperature and pressure. In this study, using the semi-flow type apparatus consisted of supercritical fluid equilibrium cell, the solubility of disperse dye(C.I. disperse red 60) in supercritical HFC-134a has been measured at the temperatures of 383.2 K and 413.2 K, and in the pressure range of 50 bar to 160 bar. The solubility data are, with good agreement, correlated by an expanded liquid model which considers the supercritical fluid as compressed liquid.

• Food Science and Industry
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.35-52
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• 2010

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.623-630
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of applying cosmetic material about extracted from Lycii Fructus seed supercritical fluid. This study was conducted to evaluate the anti-melanogenesis effect and antimicrobial activity about the extracts from Lycii Fructus seed. These researches studied for emulsion physical stability of pH, viscosity, particle size from emulsion containing Lycii Fructus seed extract. As a result, the supercritical fluid extract from Lycii Fructus seed significantly inhibited melanin synthesis by 81.86 % at the concentration $750{\mu}g/mL$. Antimicrobial effects of extract was determined against Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli. except by Staphylococcus epidermidis. The physical stability of viscosity and pH on the emulsion containing Lycii Fructus seed extract were stable for 28 days. Emulsion containing Lycii Fructus seed extract did not change particles at observation into optical microscope. These results suggest that extracts from Lycii Fructus seed may have value as the potential cosmetic formulation.

• Clean Technology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.233-238
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• 2009

Supercritical fluid processes have gained great attention as a new and environmentally-benign method of preparing the microparticles of energetic materials like explosives and propellants. In this work, RDX (cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine) was selected as a target explosive. The microparticle formation of RDX using supercritical anti-solvent (SAS) recrystallization process was performed and the effect of operating variables on the size and morphology of prepared particles was observed. N,N-Dimethylformamide was used as organic solvent for dissolving the RDX. The size of the RDX particles decreased remarkably up to less than $10\;{\mu}m$ by SAS recrystallization. In the range of operating conditions of the SAS process studied in this work, the finest RDX particles were obtained at 313.15K, 150 bar, and 15wt% RDX concentration in feed solution.

• Clean Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.171-179
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• 2005

Biodiesel is synthesized by transesterification of vegetable or animal oils with alcohols. Since it has similar characteristic with diesel fuel, it can be used as a fuel by mixing with diesel fuel. Moreover, it is advantageous that biodiesel can reduce air pollution emitted from fuel combustion and is produced from sustainable energy, biomass. Recently, many researchers have investigated biodiesel synthesis using supercritical methanol since it is economical due to shorter reaction time and simple separation/purification process, compared with conventional alkali- or acid-catalyzed process. By the development of biodiesel production process from waste edible oil using supercritical methanol, it can be expected to utilize potential energy resources, reduce carbon dioxide emission, and improve environmental conditions.