• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.188-194
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• 2013

The effects of white bread supplemented with konjac glucomannan on diet-induced obesity in rats were investigated. Four groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats were examined: a non-obese control group (NC), an obese high fat diet group (HF), an obese high fat diet group given bread supplemented with 10% konjac glucomannan (KGM1) and an obese high fat diet group given bread supplemented with 20% konjac glucomannan (KGM2). The daily weight gain of the KGM1 group increased slightly and decreased in the KGM2 group compared to the HF group. The serum triglycerides, total lipid, total cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol increased in the HF compared to the NC group, whereas they decreased in KGM1 and KGM2 groups. After having this experimental diet for 6 weeks, the body weight in KGM1 and KGM2 groups decreased compared to the HF group. While the initial R$\ddot{o}$hrer index was 23.13 in the NC group, and 31.50~32.59 in the HF, KGM1, and KGM2 groups, the index after the experimental diets for 6 weeks was 28.39 in the NC group, 36.88 in the HF group, 33.48 in the KGM1 group and 29.64 in the KGM2 group. The level of body fat increased from 1% to 7.14% in the NC group, from 15.60% to 60.05% in the HF group, and from 10.60% to 10.83% in the KMG1 group, but decreased from 10.45% to 8.20% in the KGM2 group. These results demonstrate that white bread with glucomannan is effective in reducing body weight and serum lipids in high fat diet-induced obese rats.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.1299-1304
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to develop a exercise program adopted from Jazz dance and to analyze the effect of the Jazz dance program on the Body composition, Blood components and Bone metabolism and also to study the supplement effects of Iron with Jazz dance. The Jazz dance program was composed of warming-up (10 min), Jazz dance (40 min) and cooling-down (10 min) parts. The 21 adult women between 25 and 35 year were divided into three groups; Jazz dance + iron intake group (7), Jazz dance group (7) and control group (7). The Jazz dance program was applied three times a week and 80 mg intake per day were given. The results were as follows. The body weight and lean body mass were decreased in the Jazz dance + iron intake group. The body fat mass were increased in the Jazz dance + iron intake group. The lean body mass were decreased in the Jazz dance group. The RBC, WBC, Hb were increased in the Jazz dance+iron intake group. The MCV were decreased in the Jazz dance+iron intake group. The WBC, MCHC were increased in the Jazz dance group. The MCHC were decreased in the Jazz dance group. The Deoxypyridinoline, Osteocalcin were decreased in the Jazz dance+iron intake group and the Jazz dance group.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.7
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• pp.742-746
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• 2008

Purpose : The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects and adverse side-effects of growth hormone (GH) therapy in children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). Methods : Forty-one patients who had been treated with GH for more than two years (24 boys and 17 girls, mean age $7.3{\pm}3.3$ years during treatment initiation) were enrolled for this study. Results : After 2 years of GH therapy, the height and weight standard deviation scores (SDS) increased significantly ($-1.19{\pm}1.37$ vs. $-0.02{\pm}1.45$, and $1.02{\pm}2.42$ vs. $1.63{\pm}2.22$, P<0.002); however the percentage body fat decreased ($44.6{\pm}9.9%$ vs. $38.1{\pm}10.5%$, P<0.001). Further, no change was observed in the thyroid and serum glucose levels, but the total cholesterol level decreased. GH therapy did not impact glucose control in the patients with diabetes. The most common adverse effects of GH therapy were the progression of scoliosis and adenoid hypertrophy. Conclusion : GH therapy improved the height SDS and body composition in patients with PWS. However, GH should be used with caution in patients with scoliosis and adenoid hypertrophy.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.375-381
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• 2005

The aims of this study were to evaluate the anti-obese effects of pine needle, black tea and green tea in rats and overweight people. Supplementation of 1, 2, 4 and 8% amount to the control diet of pine needle extract and mixture groups significantly decreased body weight gain and visceral fat mass compared with that of control diet group. Supplementation of 1, 2 and 4% amount to the control diet of black and green tea extracts groups significantly decreased body weight gain and visceral fat mass compared with that of control diet group. Anti-obese effect in body weight gain and visceral fat mass of mixture group was higher than in other groups. In human study, extracts mixture supplementation to overweight subjects significantly decreased both body weight and body fat compared with placebo control group. In vitro study, black and green tea extracts significantly inhibited both the pancreatic lipase and ${\alpha}-amylase$ activities dose dependently. In conclusion, the anti-obese effects of pine needle, black, and green teas in rats were found. In overweight human subjects, extracts mixture decreased body weight and body fat compared with placebo control group. Anti-obese effect in black and green tea groups might be from an decrease in carbohydrate and fat digestions via inhibition of pancreatic ${\alpha}-amylase$ and lipase activities in part.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.375-382
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• 2010

Twelve pigs were used to investigate the effects of polyclonal antibody candidate against abdominal (AAb) and subcutaneous adipocyte membrane proteins (SAb) on body weight, fecaldigestibility and blood metabolites. When AAb and SAb developed by Choi et al. (2010) were injected to pigs, the numerical increase in BW (body weight) occurred at 4 weeks post-treatment, but BW for an entire period was also increased, indicating that the BW increase may not be affected by the antibodies injection. Antibodies treatment did not affect (P>0.05) fecal digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, crude fat and crude fiber. Fecal digestibility of crude ash for control (no treatment) at 2 weeks decreased, and that for non-immunized serum treatmentgroup at 4 weeks post-treatment increased, respectively (P<0.05). However, fecal digestibility of crude ash for AAb and SAb groups did not significantly change. At 4 weeks after the antibodies treatment, blood urea N concentration for AAb and SAb groups was significantly increased (P<0.05). However, these increases may not be caused by the antibodies treatment because similar pattern in blood urea N concentration occurred before the antibodies treatment. Antibodies treatment did not affect concentration of plasma glucose and triglycerides (P<0.05). Compared with control, concentration of plasma total cholesterol for AAb and SAb groups at 4 weeks post-treatment was significantly (P<0.05) decreased. This may suggest that body fat reduction possibly occurs. In conclusion, the AAb and the SAb developed by Choi et al. (2010) may have safety in nutritional physiological metabolism in pigs. Further study on in vivo fat reduction of the antibodies against abdominal and subcutaneous adipocytes of pigs should be required for fat-reduced pork production.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.10
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• pp.1417-1422
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• 2011

The effects of a 12-week weight reduction program applied to obese women at a community health center were studied. Middle aged women participated in the beginning of the program, but 34 persons finished the study (85% completion). Subjects practiced belly dancing three times a week for 60 minutes (60~85% HR max) per session, and nutritional education was carried out four times during the 12 week program. The weight, %body fat, and BMI significantly decreased by 5.6%, 9.5%, and 5.6%, respectively. The concentrations of serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL-C were also significantly reduced by 13.5%, 9.5%, and 10.4%, respectively. Insulin level was reduced by 19.8%, thus lowering the HOMA-IR index. Leptin level significantly was reduced by 32.35%, adiponectin concentration. Total ROS concentration increased while total antioxidant capacity in serum remained unchanged. In conclusion, a 12-week 'Obesity Clinic Program' belly dancing and nutritional education held at a Community Center seemed to have health-promoting effects through reducing body fats, plasma lipids, and improving insulin resistance.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.192-196
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of body composition, serum lipids and several parameters of body fatness (percent body fat, waist-hip ratio) in abdominal women by exercise. For this study, 8-weeks intensive exercise(5km jogging/day, 50min/day) was continued by subjects and they limited only fat rich foods and controlled daily energy intake to 1,800kcal～2,100kcal per day. The subjects were 52 women and the distribution of ages was 36～54 years. The data were analyzed using SPSS/PC package program and the results were estimated by paired t-test, Pearson correlation. The results are summarized as follows : 1) After exercise-training for 8 weeks, percent body fat, body mass index, body weight, total cholesterol was decreased (p<0.05). 2) LDL cholesterol and triglyceride was decreased significantly(p=0.000). The changes in deep abdominal adipose tissue were related to changes in triglycerides. 3) After exercise training, the waist-hip ratio was significantly correlated to body weight and serum lipids. 4) According to the data of this study, Ⅰ recommended that obese women, especially, abdominal obese patients should exercise regularly and we should prolong many studies for obesity.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2015

This study was to verify effect on muscle strength of trunk and body composition for elderly according to spinal stability exercise with three dimension. We recruited forty elderly participants(twenties as training group, the other twenties as control group) over sixty five aged. The participant performed muscle strength estimation to exercise of eight direction using spinal stability training system. Also, we estimated body composition in participants using inbody 720. Trining group performed direction exercise(F, FOR, R, BOR, B, BOL, L, FOL) and multiple exercise with band exercise, strengthening gym and walking during thirty minute. But control group only performed multiple exercise without direction exercise. All training progressed three days a week for eight weeks. The results showed that muscle strength of trunk in training group increased significantly from 79.9 point to 85.6 point with reducement of body weight, body fat and BMI. However, control group showed a few exercise effect with increasement of amount of muscles and reducement of body fat without muscle strength of trunk. These results means that spinal stability exercise could be helped to prevent obey and fall of elderly caused by muscle strengthening and improving body composition. This could be applied to develop rehabilitation program efficiently based these data.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.525-533
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• 2015

The effect of the hot water extract of defatted green tea seed cake (GTSE) on lipid metabolism and the underlying mechanisms of lipolysis in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes were investigated. In this study, we found that the naringenin content of GTSE was 5.5 mg/g; however, catechins were not detected. The intracellular lipid droplets were stained with Oil Red O dye and quantified. Compared to the control, lipid accumulation was significantly decreased by 52%, and intracellular triglyceride (TG) level was reduced by 33% after treatment with GTSE at a concentration of $40{\mu}g/mL$. To determine the mechanism of reduction in TG content, we determined the level of fatty acid synthase (FAS), phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) in the cell model. Incubation of the 3T3-L1 adipocytes with GTSE stimulated AMPK and ACC phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner, and decreased the expression of FAS.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.389-398
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to evaluate anti-obesity activity of Cirsium setidens Nakai test material (CNTM) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and obese C57BL/6J mice fed with a high-fat diet using various obesity-related in vitro experiments. During adipocyte differentiation, CNTM significantly inhibited lipid accumulation and ROS production compared to controls. To evaluate whether CNTM could exert glycerol release effects on mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes, we treated cells with various concentrations of CNTM for 1 h. Treatment of mature adipocytes with $160-320{\mu}g/mL$ of CNTM increased the release of glycerol, but not in a significant dose-dependent manner. Anti-adipogenic and anti-lipogenic effects of CNTM seemed to be mediated by the inhibition of $PPAR{\gamma}$ and $C/EBP{\alpha}$. Moreover, CNTM stimulated fatty acid oxidation in an AMPK-dependent manner. CNTM-treated groups of C57BL/6J mice showed reduced body weights and adipose tissue weight with improving serum lipid profiles and adiponectin protein expression in obese C57BL/6J mice fed with a high-fat diet. These results suggest that CNTM might have anti-obesity effect on adipogenesis and lipid metabolism in vitro and in vivo. This presents the possibility of developing a treatment for obesity using nontoxic natural resources.