• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.127-136
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• 2017

U-City laws are divided into three categories: intellectual laws, information superhighway laws, and integrated operation center laws. Previous studies have suggested that efficient infrastructure operation and management is necessary in Ubiquitous-City (U-City). However, infrastructure is often interpreted differently by different laws. The purpose of this study was to plan for the integrated operation of intelligent service facilities by comprehensively analyzing the law system of domestic intelligent service facilities and problems in operation and management based on this critical mind. For this, present conditions and problems of intelligent service facilities were found through interviews with people who are in charge of the law system and other practitioners. The necessity of integrated use, including city information generated from intelligent service facilities and installment locations, has been demonstrated. Government ministries and local governments have established various information systems using ICT and U-City laws that specify integrated management and operation, but do not clearly specify definitions for the specific responsibility and authority for main agents participating in facility operation. A system is needed to smoothly mediate the relevant divisions so that they can use installed equipment simultaneously for efficient operation in generating city information. This objective of this study was to prepare a unitary law system for efficient installment and management of intelligent service facilities by establishing a logically linked relationship among the relevant laws and regulations. This will provide a foundation for a management system that has an integrated linkage of intelligent service facilities.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.293-303
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• 2019

The purpose of this research is to investigate the psychological factors affecting job performance of public enterprise employee. Based on the literature review, three types of job performance are identified, which are behavioral responses to the demands from job environment. They are named as task performance, contextual performance, and adaptive performance. As independent variables, four factors were selected form positive psychological concepts, which are self-efficacy, hope, optimism, and resilience. These are the factors which compose of the concept of psychological capital. All the factors are hypothesized to positively affect job performances. From the regression analysis results, all the psychological factors in the model were turned out to have statistically significant impacts on the job performances. The importance of variable 'resilience' were dominant all three models, which might be interpreted as a behavioral response to the demands from uncertain organizational enviornments. From the marginal effect analysis, contextual performance decreases first five years, then reach peak at 20th. year. These results demonstrates that mid-level employees in the organizational hierarchy are more concerned with the overall performance of organization.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.3-35
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• 2019

In the fourth industrial revolution age, because of advance in the intelligence information technologies, the various roles of AI have attracted public attention. Starting with Google's Alphago, AI is now no longer a fantasized technology but a real one that can bring ripple effect in entire society. Already, AI has performed well in the medical service, legal service, and the private sector's business decision making. This study conducted an exploratory analysis on the possibilities and issues of AI-driven policy decision making in the public sector. The three research purposes are i) could AI make a policy decision in public sector?; ii) how different is AI-driven policy decision making compared to the existing methods of decision making?; and iii) what issues would be revealed by AI's policy decision making? AI-driven policy decision making is differentiated from the traditional ways of decision making in that the former is represented by rationality based on sufficient amount of information and alternatives, increased transparency and trust, more objective views for policy issues, and faster decision making process. However, there are several controversial issues regarding superiority of AI, ethics, accountability, changes in democracy, substitution of human labor in the public sector, and data usage problems for AI. Since the adoption of AI for policy decision making will be soon realized, it is necessary to take an integrative approach, considering both the positive and adverse effects, to minimize social impact.

• (The)Korea Educational Review
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.287-311
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• 2018

This research identifies an educational ideal, purpose of goal intrinsic to Hindu ashrama and provide a concrete list of appropriate educational contents and methods in accordance with them. The ideal is moksa a pursuit of spiritual liberation. The goal is to be consciously aware of and practice the Dharma at each of the four stages of life, as preserved in ashrama, by completing the educational contents and methods in each stage. In the fist stage, the student stage, the goal is to learn social laws, recognize his vocation and responsibilities through studying Veda, and engage in apprenticeship with the teacher. In the second stage, the householder stage, the goal is to get married, take care of his family, and produce the kinds of service the society requires of him. In order to do so, he is expected to learn in his ordinary life the manners for family members and the ways of ancestral rituals. In the third stage, the self-disciplined stage, the goal is to retire from social responsibilities, behave in accordance with norms and rules, and set oneself free from material desire. In order to do so, he is expected to complete the eight stage of yoga and practice asceticism. In the four stage, the nirvana stage, the goal is to completely free from obsession and reaches the spiritual liberation. In order to do so, one is expected to participate in meditation and pilgrimage to the Holy Land until he reaches the final point.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.233-244
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• 2022

One of the most noteworthy topics in recent corporate management is ESG(Environmental, Social, Governance). Although there are many companies that have declared ESG management, KT has declared full-fledged ESG management in 2021 and is sharing its sustainable management strategy with stakeholders. In addition, KT is strengthening ESG management by issuing ESG bonds for the first time in the domestic ICT industry. At a time when the information technology industry became more important due to COVID-19, this study attempted to examine KT's ESG management goals and strategies by dividing them into environmental, social, and governance areas. KT was aiming to achieve environmental integrity through 'environmental management', 'green competence', 'energy resources', and 'eco-friendly projects' in the environmental field. In addition, in the social field, genuine creating social value was pursued through 'social contribution', 'co-growth', and 'human rights management'. Finally, in the governance area, it was aiming for a transparent corporate management system to pursue economic reliability through 'ethics and compliance' and 'risk management'. In particular, KT was promoting its own ESG management by promoting strategies to solve environmental and social problems using AI and BigData technologies based on the characteristics of a digital platform company. This study aims to derive implications for ESG strategy establishment and ESG management development direction through KT's ESG management case in relation to ESG management, which has emerged as a hot topic.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.199-204
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to broaden the understanding of the Security Services Industry Act, and also to examine the meanings of various phenomena by analyzing the media report big data rather than the researchers' perspective on the Security Services Industry Act. In the research method, this study searched for a keyword 「Security Services Industry Act」 that prescribes the security work as an important subject of crime prevention and maintenance of public order in Korea. The data was searched from 1990 to 2021 the BIG KINDS could provide. Also, for the concrete analysis during the period of data search, it was divided into settlement period(1976~2001), growth period-quantitative(2002~2012), and growth period-qualitative(2013~2021). In the results of this study, the media report perception of the Security Services Industry Act is continuously emphasizing the social roles and importance of private security according to the flow of time. The consequent marketability of private security will play great roles in the protection of people's lives and properties in the combination with various other industries in the future. However, the private security industry that provides public peace service together with the police, could be rising as an element that hinders the development of private security industry because of various social issues caused by legal regulations and illegal problems, so it would be necessary to more strengthen its responsibility and roles accordingly.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.43-65
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• 2023

The healthcare industry is a digital healthcare that combines technology based on the 4th Industrial Revolution, dealing with information on individual health and medical care, and is a fusion of health care services and medical science and technology. It is questionable whether digital healthcare according to the paradigm change can be discussed by the concept of medical practice under the existing Medical Act. There is no clear definition of the concept of medical practice in the Medical Service Act, but the concept is established through precedents. In addition, under the Medical Service Act, the subject of medical practice is limited to medical personnel. However, digital healthcare sometimes diagnoses and treats diseases using digital technology by medical personnel. On the other hand, what is possible by non-medical personnel is digital healthcare. This is because digital healthcare is understood as a concept that includes health care such as exercise, eating habits, and weight control. For this reason, if the concept of medical practice under the "Medical Act" on digital healthcare is included, it is subject to criminal punishment for "unlicensed medical practice" prescribed in Article 27 of the "Medical Act". In the health and medical industry, digital transformation and convergence with information and communication technology are rapidly progressing. As a result, there is a need to newly define it as 'digitalized medical practice' or 'information and communication technology (ICT)-based medical practice' separately from existing medical practices. The concept of medical practice has variability, not a fixed and invariable concept. However, in response to this demand, it is not an infinite expansion of the concept of medical practice, but a request to reset its scope. Therefore, the concept of medical practice should be legislated by reflecting the demand of consumers for the medical service system.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.69-97
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• 2017

This study purpose to examine the importer's risks that may arise from origin investigation by Customs authorities. We have drawn the important factors affecting the application of FTA preferential tariffs and divided the stages from the conclusion of the contract for the importer to the undergoing origin investigation. In addition, we demonstrate empirically that the risks that arise in areas where importers are difficult to control exist. As a management method of the uncontrollable risk from the importer, we have provided the methods that the seller stipulated the seller's responsibility in the trade contract, prepared for situations in which no one was responsible, and formulated a friendly and cooperative supply chain. Even if the seller's liability is clarified in the contract for sale, the risk of the investigation into the origin of the imported goods is not completely eliminated. This is because, under the current agreement and system, there is no way for the customs authority of the contracting party of the FTA to claim compensation for damages incurred by importers due to breach of agreement such as not returning the result of the origin verification. Importers are subject to customs duties, but there may actually be situations in which no one is responsible for them.

• Issues in Feminism
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.49-83
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• 2011

This article explores the characteristics of care and care labor which is core keyword of the welfare state and the way of institutionalization of care labor, focusing specially on differences among women. Caring is defined by the expression of morality and labor accompanied by concrete action. But, care labor in the welfare state is defined by "activities involved in caring for the ill, elderly, handicapped and dependent", and I think, that definition is more useful than the narrow one for policy institutionalization. But the latter definition intentionally separates the domestic work from care work. Care labor is considered to be different from the market labor in terms of motivations, but there are some limits in standardization and commercialization of the traits of emotional and moral engagement. Thus, requiring of emotional motivation as one of the job descriptions is not realistic. Welfare state is institutionalizing women's unpaid care work in family through de-familization, and its policy tools are cash benefits and services for care-related, which influence to the female wage worker and fulltime housewife, care receiver and care giver, and polarization of women's class in a very different way. Cash benefits enhances the division of gender labor, polarizes the care laborer and weakens of expansion the care as decent job. The movement of feminist welfare state have a vision of universal service expansion and need the policy list for de-gendering of care labor.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.1-21
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• 2005

Many researches have argued the most important dimension of perception or evaluation of person is morality and competence in Korean culture. This study was to investigate the cultural characteristics of the criteria of personhood. Two studies were conducted to investigate the criteria used to evaluate person by qualitative approach and the differences of evaluation of wrongdoer who violates interpersonal norm or individual autonomy by experimental method. In addition, anger as emotional response to wrongdoer is conceptualized in terms of moral and self-conscious emotion. Expression of anger is less an outpouring of emotion and more a culturally regulated and normative mode of managing and putting into practice our society's system of rights and obligations - its moral code. According to results of qualitative data by interview and focus group interview, the most important criteria used to evaluate personhood was interpersonal concern, esp, expectation and norm. The results of experiment revealed that violation of interpersonal norm domain evoked angrier towards violator than autonomy domain. The subjects ascribed more blame and responsibility to interpersonal norm violator than autonomy keeper. Also function of behavior inhibition of anger was higher in interpersonal norm domain than autonomy domain.